{ "meta": { "name": "nuck nuck. – Zitatpool", "version": "1.1.0 (Build 38)", "updated": "2026-10-28", "license_note": "Die Zitate gehören ihren Urhebern bzw. sind gemeinfrei. Übersetzungen, Auswahl und Zusammenstellung: Benedikt Stafflinger, frei zur Weiterverwendung mit Quellenangabe.", "count": 210 }, "series": [ { "id": "I", "name": { "de": "SATOSHIS POSTFACH", "en": "SATOSHI’S MAILBOX" }, "sub": { "de": "Aus Mails und Forenbeiträgen des Bitcoin-Erfinders, 2008–2011.", "en": "From the emails and forum posts of Bitcoin’s inventor, 2008–2011." }, "kind": "serie" }, { "id": "II", "name": { "de": "DIE BEMALTE HALLE", "en": "THE PAINTED PORCH" }, "sub": { "de": "Drei Stoiker über die Zeit und das, was in unserer Macht steht.", "en": "Three Stoics on time and what is in our power." }, "kind": "serie" }, { "id": "III", "name": { "de": "DIE MAILINGLISTE", "en": "THE MAILING LIST" }, "sub": { "de": "Die Cypherpunks über Privatsphäre, Vertrauen und Kryptografie.", "en": "The cypherpunks on privacy, trust and cryptography." }, "kind": "serie" }, { "id": "IV", "name": { "de": "DAS WIENER SEMINAR", "en": "THE VIENNA SEMINAR" }, "sub": { "de": "Die Österreichische Schule über Wert, Geld und Inflation.", "en": "The Austrian School on value, money and inflation." }, "kind": "serie" }, { "id": "V", "name": { "de": "DAS BERGWERK", "en": "THE MINE" }, "sub": { "de": "Gutes und schlechtes Geld, von Aristophanes bis Satoshi.", "en": "Good money and bad, from Aristophanes to Satoshi." }, "kind": "serie" }, { "id": "VI", "name": { "de": "DAS KONTOR", "en": "THE COUNTING HOUSE" }, "sub": { "de": "Über Risiko, Ungewissheit und die Kunst, abzuwarten.", "en": "On risk, uncertainty and the art of waiting." }, "kind": "serie" }, { "id": "VII", "name": { "de": "DER KANINCHENBAU", "en": "THE RABBIT HOLE" }, "sub": { "de": "Ideen, die Bitcoin verständlich machen.", "en": "Ideas that make Bitcoin make sense." }, "kind": "serie" }, { "id": "VIII", "name": { "de": "DAS SKRIPTORIUM", "en": "THE SCRIPTORIUM" }, "sub": { "de": "Über Wahrheit, Zweifel und den Mut, selbst zu denken.", "en": "On truth, doubt and the courage to think for yourself." }, "kind": "serie" }, { "id": "IX", "name": { "de": "DAS ARCHIV", "en": "THE ARCHIVE" }, "sub": { "de": "Die Tage, an denen das alte Geld wankte – und Bitcoin begann. Jede Karte erscheint an ihrem Jahrestag.", "en": "The days the old money wavered – and Bitcoin began. Each card appears on its anniversary." }, "kind": "jahrestag" }, { "id": "X", "name": { "de": "DIE CHRONIK", "en": "THE CHRONICLE" }, "sub": { "de": "Die Wegmarken, an denen Bitcoin erwachsen wurde. Jede Karte erscheint an ihrem Jahrestag.", "en": "The milestones where Bitcoin grew up. Each card appears on its anniversary." }, "kind": "jahrestag" } ], "cards": [ { "id": "I-1", "serie": "I", "nr": 1, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "CRYPTOGRAPHY-MAILINGLISTE · 31.10.2008", "en": "CRYPTOGRAPHY MAILING LIST · 31.10.2008" }, "quote": { "de": "Ich arbeite an einem neuen elektronischen Bargeldsystem, das vollständig Peer-to-Peer funktioniert, ohne vertrauenswürdigen Dritten.", "en": "I’ve been working on a new electronic cash system that’s fully peer-to-peer, with no trusted third party." }, "source": { "de": "Cryptography-Mailingliste (metzdowd), „Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper“, 31.10.2008", "en": "Cryptography mailing list (metzdowd), “Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper”, 31 October 2008" }, "link": "https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/emails/cryptography/1/", "question": { "de": "Wem musst du vertrauen, damit dein Geld funktioniert?", "en": "Who do you have to trust for your money to work?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "I've been working on a new electronic cash system that's fully peer-to-peer, with no trusted third party." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "Cryptography-Mailingliste: eine moderierte Fachliste zur Kryptografie, auf der Satoshi am 31.10.2008 das Whitepaper vorstellte.", "en": "The Cryptography mailing list: a moderated list on cryptography where Satoshi presented the whitepaper on 31 October 2008." } }, { "id": "I-2", "serie": "I", "nr": 2, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "BITCOIN-WHITEPAPER · 31.10.2008", "en": "BITCOIN WHITEPAPER · 31.10.2008" }, "quote": { "de": "Die einzige Möglichkeit, sicher zu wissen, dass es eine Transaktion nicht gibt, ist, alle Transaktionen zu kennen.", "en": "The only way to confirm the absence of a transaction is to be aware of all transactions." }, "source": { "de": "Bitcoin-Whitepaper, 31.10.2008, Kap. 2 „Transactions“", "en": "Bitcoin whitepaper, 31 October 2008, ch. 2 “Transactions”" }, "link": "https://nakamotoinstitute.org/library/bitcoin/", "question": { "de": "Ist dir bewusst, wie viele Dritte bei jeder deiner Zahlungen mitlesen?", "en": "Are you aware how many third parties see every payment you make?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "The only way to confirm the absence of a transaction is to be aware of all transactions." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "Bitcoin-Whitepaper: Satoshis neunseitiger Entwurf für elektronisches Bargeld ohne Mittelsmann, veröffentlicht am 31.10.2008.", "en": "The Bitcoin whitepaper: Satoshi’s nine-page design for electronic cash without a middleman, published on 31 October 2008." } }, { "id": "I-3", "serie": "I", "nr": 3, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "BITCOIN-WHITEPAPER · 31.10.2008", "en": "BITCOIN WHITEPAPER · 31.10.2008" }, "quote": { "de": "Jeder Zeitstempel enthält den vorherigen Zeitstempel in seinem Hash und bildet eine Kette, wobei jeder zusätzliche Zeitstempel die vorherigen verstärkt.", "en": "Each timestamp includes the previous timestamp in its hash, forming a chain, with each additional timestamp reinforcing the ones before it." }, "source": { "de": "Bitcoin-Whitepaper, 31.10.2008, Kap. 3 „Timestamp Server“", "en": "Bitcoin whitepaper, 31 October 2008, ch. 3 “Timestamp Server”" }, "link": "https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf", "question": { "de": "Wie viele deiner Gewohnheiten werden mit jedem Tag fester?", "en": "How many of your habits grow stronger with every day?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Each timestamp includes the previous timestamp in its hash, forming a chain, with each additional timestamp reinforcing the ones before it." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "Bitcoin-Whitepaper: Satoshis neunseitiger Entwurf für elektronisches Bargeld ohne Mittelsmann, veröffentlicht am 31.10.2008.", "en": "The Bitcoin whitepaper: Satoshi’s nine-page design for electronic cash without a middleman, published on 31 October 2008." } }, { "id": "I-4", "serie": "I", "nr": 4, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "CRYPTOGRAPHY-MAILINGLISTE · 06.11.2008", "en": "CRYPTOGRAPHY MAILING LIST · 06.11.2008" }, "quote": { "de": "Regierungen sind gut darin, zentral gesteuerten Netzwerken wie Napster den Kopf abzuschlagen, aber reine P2P-Netzwerke wie Gnutella und Tor scheinen sich zu behaupten.", "en": "Governments are good at cutting off the heads of a centrally controlled networks like Napster, but pure P2P networks like Gnutella and Tor seem to be holding their own." }, "source": { "de": "Cryptography-Mailingliste (metzdowd), „Re: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper“, 06.11.2008 (UTC)", "en": "Cryptography mailing list (metzdowd), “Re: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper”, 6 November 2008 (UTC)" }, "link": "https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/emails/cryptography/4/", "question": { "de": "Wie viele Dienste, die du täglich nutzt, ließen sich mit einem Anruf abschalten?", "en": "How many services you use daily could be shut off with one call?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Governments are good at cutting off the heads of a centrally controlled networks like Napster, but pure P2P networks like Gnutella and Tor seem to be holding their own." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "Cryptography-Mailingliste: eine moderierte Fachliste zur Kryptografie, auf der Satoshi am 31.10.2008 das Whitepaper vorstellte.", "en": "The Cryptography mailing list: a moderated list on cryptography where Satoshi presented the whitepaper on 31 October 2008." } }, { "id": "I-5", "serie": "I", "nr": 5, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "CRYPTOGRAPHY-MAILINGLISTE · 09.11.2008", "en": "CRYPTOGRAPHY MAILING LIST · 09.11.2008" }, "quote": { "de": "Die Proof-of-Work-Kette ist die Lösung für das Synchronisationsproblem – und dafür, die von allen geteilte Sicht zu kennen, ohne jemandem vertrauen zu müssen.", "en": "The proof-of-work chain is the solution to the synchronisation problem, and to knowing what the globally shared view is without having to trust anyone." }, "source": { "de": "Cryptography-Mailingliste (metzdowd), „Re: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper“, 09.11.2008, 03:09 UTC (Antwort auf James A. Donald)", "en": "Cryptography mailing list (metzdowd), “Re: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper”, 9 November 2008, 03:09 UTC (reply to James A. Donald)" }, "link": "https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/emails/cryptography/7/", "question": { "de": "An wie vielen Stellen verlässt du dich auf Vertrauen, obwohl ein Beweis möglich wäre?", "en": "In how many places do you rely on trust when proof would be possible?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "The proof-of-work chain is the solution to the synchronisation problem, and to knowing what the globally shared view is without having to trust anyone." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "Cryptography-Mailingliste: eine moderierte Fachliste zur Kryptografie, auf der Satoshi am 31.10.2008 das Whitepaper vorstellte.", "en": "The Cryptography mailing list: a moderated list on cryptography where Satoshi presented the whitepaper on 31 October 2008." } }, { "id": "I-6", "serie": "I", "nr": 6, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "CRYPTOGRAPHY-MAILINGLISTE · 10.11.2008", "en": "CRYPTOGRAPHY MAILING LIST · 10.11.2008" }, "quote": { "de": "Papierschecks können noch ein, zwei Wochen später platzen. Kreditkartenzahlungen lassen sich noch 60 bis 180 Tage später anfechten. Bitcoin-Transaktionen können in ein, zwei Stunden hinreichend unumkehrbar sein.", "en": "Paper cheques can bounce up to a week or two later. Credit card transactions can be contested up to 60 to 180 days later. Bitcoin transactions can be sufficiently irreversible in an hour or two." }, "source": { "de": "Cryptography-Mailingliste (metzdowd), „Re: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper“, 10.11.2008, 22:18 UTC (Antwort auf James A. Donald)", "en": "Cryptography mailing list (metzdowd), “Re: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper”, 10 November 2008, 22:18 UTC (reply to James A. Donald)" }, "link": "https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/emails/cryptography/10/", "question": { "de": "Wie oft musstest du schon etwas zurückfordern, das du bezahlt hattest?", "en": "How often have you had to claw back something you had paid for?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Paper cheques can bounce up to a week or two later. Credit card transactions can be contested up to 60 to 180 days later. Bitcoin transactions can be sufficiently irreversible in an hour or two." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "Cryptography-Mailingliste: eine moderierte Fachliste zur Kryptografie, auf der Satoshi am 31.10.2008 das Whitepaper vorstellte.", "en": "The Cryptography mailing list: a moderated list on cryptography where Satoshi presented the whitepaper on 31 October 2008." } }, { "id": "I-7", "serie": "I", "nr": 7, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "CRYPTOGRAPHY-MAILINGLISTE · 14.11.2008", "en": "CRYPTOGRAPHY MAILING LIST · 14.11.2008" }, "quote": { "de": "Für die libertäre Sichtweise ist das sehr reizvoll, wenn wir es richtig erklären können. Ich kann allerdings besser mit Code als mit Worten.", "en": "It’s very attractive to the libertarian viewpoint if we can explain it properly. I’m better with code than with words though." }, "source": { "de": "Cryptography-Mailingliste (metzdowd), „Re: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper“, 14.11.2008, 18:55 UTC", "en": "Cryptography mailing list (metzdowd), “Re: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper”, 14 November 2008, 18:55 UTC" }, "link": "https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/emails/cryptography/12/", "question": { "de": "Wie oft scheitert eine gute Idee bei dir an der Erklärung?", "en": "How often does a good idea of yours fall apart when you try to explain it?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "It's very attractive to the libertarian viewpoint if we can explain it properly. I'm better with code than with words though." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "Cryptography-Mailingliste: eine moderierte Fachliste zur Kryptografie, auf der Satoshi am 31.10.2008 das Whitepaper vorstellte.", "en": "The Cryptography mailing list: a moderated list on cryptography where Satoshi presented the whitepaper on 31 October 2008." } }, { "id": "I-8", "serie": "I", "nr": 8, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "SCHLAGZEILE IN BLOCK 0 · 03.01.2009", "en": "TIMES HEADLINE IN BLOCK 0 · 03.01.2009" }, "quote": { "de": "The Times, 03. Jan. 2009: Schatzkanzler kurz vor zweitem Rettungspaket für Banken.", "en": "The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks" }, "source": { "de": "Genesis-Block (Block 0), Coinbase-Text, von Satoshi Nakamoto eingebettet, 03.01.2009 – Schlagzeile der Times vom selben Tag", "en": "Genesis block (block 0), coinbase text embedded by Satoshi Nakamoto, 3 January 2009 – headline of The Times from the same day" }, "link": "https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Genesis_block", "question": { "de": "Zufall oder Botschaft: Warum steht genau diese Schlagzeile im ersten Block?", "en": "Coincidence or message: why is this exact headline in the first block?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "Genesis-Block: der erste Block von Bitcoin vom 3.1.2009. Die Schlagzeile schrieb die Times; Satoshi hat sie in den Block eingebettet.", "en": "Genesis block: Bitcoin’s first block, from 3 January 2009. The Times wrote the headline; Satoshi embedded it in the block." } }, { "id": "I-9", "serie": "I", "nr": 9, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "CRYPTOGRAPHY-MAILINGLISTE · 08.01.2009", "en": "CRYPTOGRAPHY MAILING LIST · 08.01.2009" }, "quote": { "de": "Insgesamt werden 21.000.000 Coins im Umlauf sein.", "en": "Total circulation will be 21,000,000 coins." }, "source": { "de": "Cryptography-Mailingliste (metzdowd), „Bitcoin v0.1 released“, 08.01.2009", "en": "Cryptography mailing list (metzdowd), “Bitcoin v0.1 released”, 8 January 2009" }, "link": "https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/emails/cryptography/16/", "question": { "de": "Wie viel bedeutet dir eine Grenze, die niemand verschieben kann?", "en": "How much does a limit no one can move mean to you?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Total circulation will be 21,000,000 coins." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "Cryptography-Mailingliste: eine moderierte Fachliste zur Kryptografie, auf der Satoshi am 31.10.2008 das Whitepaper vorstellte.", "en": "The Cryptography mailing list: a moderated list on cryptography where Satoshi presented the whitepaper on 31 October 2008." } }, { "id": "I-10", "serie": "I", "nr": 10, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "CRYPTOGRAPHY-MAILINGLISTE · 08.01.2009", "en": "CRYPTOGRAPHY MAILING LIST · 08.01.2009" }, "quote": { "de": "Wenn du einen Node laufen lassen kannst, der eingehende Verbindungen annimmt, hilfst du dem Netzwerk wirklich sehr.", "en": "If you can keep a node running that accepts incoming connections, you’ll really be helping the network a lot." }, "source": { "de": "Cryptography-Mailingliste (metzdowd), „Bitcoin v0.1 released“, 08.01.2009", "en": "Cryptography mailing list (metzdowd), “Bitcoin v0.1 released”, 8 January 2009" }, "link": "https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/emails/cryptography/16/", "question": { "de": "Wie oft trägst du etwas zu einer Sache bei, von der alle profitieren?", "en": "How often do you contribute to something everyone benefits from?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "If you can keep a node running that accepts incoming connections, you'll really be helping the network a lot." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "Cryptography-Mailingliste: eine moderierte Fachliste zur Kryptografie, auf der Satoshi am 31.10.2008 das Whitepaper vorstellte.", "en": "The Cryptography mailing list: a moderated list on cryptography where Satoshi presented the whitepaper on 31 October 2008." } }, { "id": "I-11", "serie": "I", "nr": 11, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "P2P FOUNDATION · 11.02.2009", "en": "P2P FOUNDATION · 11.02.2009" }, "quote": { "de": "Daten ließen sich so sichern, dass andere physisch nicht darauf zugreifen konnten – aus welchem Grund auch immer, egal wie gut die Ausrede, egal was. Es wird Zeit, dass wir dasselbe für Geld haben.", "en": "Data could be secured in a way that was physically impossible for others to access, no matter for what reason, no matter how good the excuse, no matter what. It’s time we had the same thing for money." }, "source": { "de": "P2P Foundation Forum, „Bitcoin open source implementation of P2P currency“, 11.02.2009, 22:27 UTC (gleichlautend auf der p2p-research-Liste, 22:37 UTC)", "en": "P2P Foundation forum, “Bitcoin open source implementation of P2P currency”, 11 February 2009, 22:27 UTC (identical post on the p2p-research list, 22:37 UTC)" }, "link": "https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/posts/p2pfoundation/1/", "question": { "de": "Gibt es etwas, auf das wirklich nur du Zugriff hast – egal, wer fragt?", "en": "Is there anything only you can access – no matter who asks?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Data could be secured in a way that was physically impossible for others to access, no matter for what reason, no matter how good the excuse, no matter what. It's time we had the same thing for money." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "P2P Foundation: ein 2005 von Michel Bauwens gegründetes Netzwerk; hier stellte Satoshi im Februar 2009 Bitcoin vor.", "en": "P2P Foundation: a network founded by Michel Bauwens in 2005, where Satoshi introduced Bitcoin in February 2009." } }, { "id": "I-12", "serie": "I", "nr": 12, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "P2P FOUNDATION · 11.02.2009", "en": "P2P FOUNDATION · 11.02.2009" }, "quote": { "de": "Man muss der Zentralbank vertrauen, dass sie die Währung nicht entwertet, doch die Geschichte der Fiat-Währungen ist voll von Brüchen dieses Vertrauens.", "en": "The central bank must be trusted not to debase the currency, but the history of fiat currencies is full of breaches of that trust." }, "source": { "de": "P2P Foundation Forum, „Bitcoin open source implementation of P2P currency“, 11.02.2009", "en": "P2P Foundation forum, “Bitcoin open source implementation of P2P currency”, 11 February 2009" }, "link": "https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/posts/p2pfoundation/1/", "question": { "de": "Wie oft hat deine Währung dein Vertrauen schon gebrochen?", "en": "How often has your currency broken your trust?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "The central bank must be trusted not to debase the currency, but the history of fiat currencies is full of breaches of that trust." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "P2P Foundation: ein 2005 von Michel Bauwens gegründetes Netzwerk; hier stellte Satoshi im Februar 2009 Bitcoin vor.", "en": "P2P Foundation: a network founded by Michel Bauwens in 2005, where Satoshi introduced Bitcoin in February 2009." } }, { "id": "I-13", "serie": "I", "nr": 13, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "P2P FOUNDATION · 15.02.2009", "en": "P2P FOUNDATION · 15.02.2009" }, "quote": { "de": "Viele tun E-Währungen als aussichtslos ab, wegen all der Firmen, die seit den 1990ern gescheitert sind. Ich hoffe, es ist offensichtlich, dass sie allein an ihrer zentral kontrollierten Bauweise gescheitert sind.", "en": "A lot of people automatically dismiss e-currency as a lost cause because of all the companies that failed since the 1990’s. I hope it’s obvious it was only the centrally controlled nature of those systems that doomed them." }, "source": { "de": "P2P Foundation Forum, „Bitcoin open source implementation of P2P currency“, 15.02.2009", "en": "P2P Foundation forum, “Bitcoin open source implementation of P2P currency”, 15 February 2009" }, "link": "https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/posts/p2pfoundation/2/", "question": { "de": "Wie schnell schreibst du eine Idee ab, weil frühere Versuche gescheitert sind?", "en": "How quickly do you write off an idea because earlier attempts failed?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "A lot of people automatically dismiss e-currency as a lost cause because of all the companies that failed since the 1990’s. I hope it's obvious it was only the centrally controlled nature of those systems that doomed them." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "P2P Foundation: ein 2005 von Michel Bauwens gegründetes Netzwerk; hier stellte Satoshi im Februar 2009 Bitcoin vor.", "en": "P2P Foundation: a network founded by Michel Bauwens in 2005, where Satoshi introduced Bitcoin in February 2009." } }, { "id": "I-14", "serie": "I", "nr": 14, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "P2P FOUNDATION · 18.02.2009", "en": "P2P FOUNDATION · 18.02.2009" }, "quote": { "de": "In diesem Sinne ähnelt [Bitcoin] eher einem Edelmetall. Anstatt dass sich das Angebot ändert, um den Wert gleich zu halten, ist das Angebot vorbestimmt, und der Wert ändert sich.", "en": "In this sense, [Bitcoin is] more typical of a precious metal. Instead of the supply changing to keep the value the same, the supply is predetermined and the value changes." }, "source": { "de": "P2P Foundation Forum, „Bitcoin open source implementation of P2P currency“, 18.02.2009 (Antwort auf Sepp Hasslberger)", "en": "P2P Foundation forum, “Bitcoin open source implementation of P2P currency”, 18 February 2009 (reply to Sepp Hasslberger)" }, "link": "https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/posts/p2pfoundation/3/", "question": { "de": "Was ist dir lieber: fester Wert oder feste Menge?", "en": "Which do you prefer: a fixed value or a fixed supply?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "In this sense, it's more typical of a precious metal. Instead of the supply changing to keep the value the same, the supply is predetermined and the value changes." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "P2P Foundation: ein 2005 von Michel Bauwens gegründetes Netzwerk; hier stellte Satoshi im Februar 2009 Bitcoin vor.", "en": "P2P Foundation: a network founded by Michel Bauwens in 2005, where Satoshi introduced Bitcoin in February 2009." } }, { "id": "I-15", "serie": "I", "nr": 15, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "BITCOINTALK · 17.06.2010", "en": "BITCOINTALK · 17.06.2010" }, "quote": { "de": "Bitcoin ist so beschaffen, dass mit der Veröffentlichung von Version 0.1 das Kerndesign für seine gesamte Lebensdauer in Stein gemeißelt war.", "en": "The nature of Bitcoin is such that once version 0.1 was released, the core design was set in stone for the rest of its lifetime." }, "source": { "de": "BitcoinTalk, „Re: Transactions and Scripts: DUP HASH160 ... EQUALVERIFY CHECKSIG“, 17.06.2010", "en": "BitcoinTalk, “Re: Transactions and Scripts: DUP HASH160 ... EQUALVERIFY CHECKSIG”, 17 June 2010" }, "link": "https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/posts/bitcointalk/126/", "question": { "de": "Wie viele deiner Grundsätze willst du nie mehr ändern?", "en": "How many of your principles do you never want to change again?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "The nature of Bitcoin is such that once version 0.1 was released, the core design was set in stone for the rest of its lifetime." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "Bitcointalk: das Forum, das Satoshi im November 2009 eröffnet hat, um über Bitcoin zu sprechen.", "en": "Bitcointalk: the forum Satoshi opened in November 2009 to talk about Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "I-16", "serie": "I", "nr": 16, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "BITCOINTALK · 21.06.2010", "en": "BITCOINTALK · 21.06.2010" }, "quote": { "de": "Verlorene Coins machen die Coins aller anderen nur ein klein wenig mehr wert. Sieh es als Spende an alle.", "en": "Lost coins only make everyone else’s coins worth slightly more. Think of it as a donation to everyone." }, "source": { "de": "BitcoinTalk, „Re: Dying bitcoins“, 21.06.2010", "en": "BitcoinTalk, “Re: Dying bitcoins”, 21 June 2010" }, "link": "https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/posts/bitcointalk/131/", "question": { "de": "Wie oft tust du etwas, das anderen nützt, ohne dass sie es merken?", "en": "How often do you do something that helps others without them noticing?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Lost coins only make everyone else's coins worth slightly more. Think of it as a donation to everyone." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "Bitcointalk: das Forum, das Satoshi im November 2009 eröffnet hat, um über Bitcoin zu sprechen.", "en": "Bitcointalk: the forum Satoshi opened in November 2009 to talk about Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "I-17", "serie": "I", "nr": 17, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "BITCOINTALK · 05.07.2010", "en": "BITCOINTALK · 05.07.2010" }, "quote": { "de": "Eine Beschreibung dieses Dings für ein breites Publikum zu schreiben, ist verdammt schwer. Es gibt nichts, womit man es vergleichen könnte.", "en": "Writing a description for this thing for general audiences is bloody hard. There’s nothing to relate it to." }, "source": { "de": "BitcoinTalk, „Re: Slashdot Submission for 1.0“, 05.07.2010, 21:31 UTC", "en": "BitcoinTalk, “Re: Slashdot Submission for 1.0”, 5 July 2010, 21:31 UTC" }, "link": "https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/posts/bitcointalk/167/", "question": { "de": "Könntest du Bitcoin jemandem erklären, der noch nie davon gehört hat?", "en": "Could you explain Bitcoin to someone who’s never heard of it?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Sorry to be a wet blanket. Writing a description for this thing for general audiences is bloody hard. There's nothing to relate it to." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "Bitcointalk: das Forum, das Satoshi im November 2009 eröffnet hat, um über Bitcoin zu sprechen.", "en": "Bitcointalk: the forum Satoshi opened in November 2009 to talk about Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "I-18", "serie": "I", "nr": 18, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "BITCOINTALK · 27.08.2010", "en": "BITCOINTALK · 27.08.2010" }, "quote": { "de": "Stell dir ein unedles Metall vor, so knapp wie Gold, aber … zu nichts Praktischem oder Schmückendem zu gebrauchen – und mit einer besonderen, magischen Eigenschaft: Es lässt sich über einen Kommunikationskanal versenden.", "en": "Imagine there was a base metal as scarce as gold but … not useful for any practical or ornamental purpose and one special, magical property: can be transported over a communications channel." }, "source": { "de": "BitcoinTalk, „Re: Bitcoin does NOT violate Mises’ Regression Theorem“, 27.08.2010, 17:32 UTC (gekürzt)", "en": "BitcoinTalk, “Re: Bitcoin does NOT violate Mises’ Regression Theorem”, 27 August 2010, 17:32 UTC (abridged)" }, "link": "https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/posts/bitcointalk/428/", "question": { "de": "Wie wichtig ist dir, dass etwas Wertvolles auch greifbar ist?", "en": "How important is it to you that something valuable is also tangible?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "As a thought experiment, imagine there was a base metal as scarce as gold but … not useful for any practical or ornamental purpose and one special, magical property: - can be transported over a communications channel" }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "Bitcointalk: das Forum, das Satoshi im November 2009 eröffnet hat, um über Bitcoin zu sprechen.", "en": "Bitcointalk: the forum Satoshi opened in November 2009 to talk about Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "I-19", "serie": "I", "nr": 19, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "BITCOINTALK · 05.12.2010", "en": "BITCOINTALK · 05.12.2010" }, "quote": { "de": "Das Projekt muss schrittweise wachsen, damit die Software dabei nach und nach gestärkt werden kann. Ich appelliere an WikiLeaks, Bitcoin nicht zu nutzen. Bitcoin ist eine kleine Beta-Community, die noch in den Kinderschuhen steckt.", "en": "The project needs to grow gradually so the software can be strengthened along the way. I make this appeal to WikiLeaks not to try to use Bitcoin. Bitcoin is a small beta community in its infancy." }, "source": { "de": "BitcoinTalk, „Re: Wikileaks contact info?“, 05.12.2010", "en": "BitcoinTalk, “Re: Wikileaks contact info?”, 5 December 2010" }, "link": "https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/posts/bitcointalk/523/", "question": { "de": "Wie ungeduldig bist du mit etwas, das Zeit zum Wachsen braucht?", "en": "How impatient are you with something that needs time to grow?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "The project needs to grow gradually so the software can be strengthened along the way. I make this appeal to WikiLeaks not to try to use Bitcoin. Bitcoin is a small beta community in its infancy." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "Bitcointalk: das Forum, das Satoshi im November 2009 eröffnet hat, um über Bitcoin zu sprechen.", "en": "Bitcointalk: the forum Satoshi opened in November 2009 to talk about Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "I-20", "serie": "I", "nr": 20, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "BITCOINTALK · 11.12.2010", "en": "BITCOINTALK · 11.12.2010" }, "quote": { "de": "Es wäre schön gewesen, diese Aufmerksamkeit in jedem anderen Zusammenhang zu bekommen. WikiLeaks hat in ein Hornissennest gestochen, und der Schwarm fliegt auf uns zu.", "en": "It would have been nice to get this attention in any other context. WikiLeaks has kicked the hornet’s nest, and the swarm is headed towards us." }, "source": { "de": "BitcoinTalk, „Re: PC World Article on Bitcoin“, 11.12.2010, 23:39 UTC (einer der letzten öffentlichen Beiträge Satoshis)", "en": "BitcoinTalk, “Re: PC World Article on Bitcoin”, 11 December 2010, 23:39 UTC (one of Satoshi’s last public posts)" }, "link": "https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/posts/bitcointalk/542/", "question": { "de": "Was tust du, wenn dich plötzlich alle beobachten?", "en": "What do you do when suddenly everyone is watching?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "It would have been nice to get this attention in any other context. WikiLeaks has kicked the hornet's nest, and the swarm is headed towards us." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "Bitcointalk: das Forum, das Satoshi im November 2009 eröffnet hat, um über Bitcoin zu sprechen.", "en": "Bitcointalk: the forum Satoshi opened in November 2009 to talk about Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "I-21", "serie": "I", "nr": 21, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "E-MAIL AN MIKE HEARN · 23.04.2011", "en": "EMAIL TO MIKE HEARN · 23.04.2011" }, "quote": { "de": "Ich habe mich anderen Dingen zugewandt. Es ist bei Gavin und allen anderen in guten Händen.", "en": "I’ve moved on to other things. It’s in good hands with Gavin and everyone." }, "source": { "de": "Private E-Mail an Mike Hearn, 23.04.2011 (von Hearn veröffentlicht, Thread „Holding coins in an unspendable state for a rolling time window“)", "en": "Private email to Mike Hearn, 23 April 2011 (published by Hearn, thread “Holding coins in an unspendable state for a rolling time window”)" }, "link": "https://plan99.net/~mike/satoshi-emails/thread5.html", "question": { "de": "Wie leicht fällt es dir, etwas Eigenes in andere Hände zu geben?", "en": "How easy is it for you to put something of yours in other hands?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "I've moved on to other things. It's in good hands with Gavin and everyone." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." } }, { "id": "II-1", "serie": "II", "nr": 1, "author": "Seneca", "who": { "de": "SENECA", "en": "SENECA" }, "src": { "de": "EPISTULAE MORALES 1.3", "en": "EPISTULAE MORALES 1.3" }, "quote": { "de": "Nichts, Lucilius, gehört uns, nur die Zeit. Dieses eine flüchtige Gut hat die Natur uns überlassen, und jeder, der will, kann es uns entreißen.", "en": "Nothing, Lucilius, is ours, except time. We were entrusted by nature with the ownership of this single thing, so fleeting and slippery that anyone who will can oust us from possession." }, "source": { "de": "Epistulae morales 1.3, nach der engl. Übers. von R. M. Gummere (1917), leicht gekürzt", "en": "Letters to Lucilius 1.3, after the English translation by R. M. Gummere (1917), slightly abridged" }, "link": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Moral_letters_to_Lucilius/Letter_1", "question": { "de": "Wer hat dir heute Zeit genommen, ohne zu fragen?", "en": "Who took your time today without asking?" }, "original": { "lang": "la", "text": "Omnia, Lucili, aliena sunt, tempus tantum nostrum est; in huius rei unius fugacis ac lubricae possessionem natura nos misit, ex qua expellit quicumque vult.", "layout": [ [ "I", 4, "Omnia, Lucili, aliena sunt,", { "col": "acc" } ], [ "C", 7, "tempus tantum", { "mt": 4 } ], [ "I", 4, "nostrum est;", { "mt": 2 } ], [ "R", 3, "in huius rei unius fugacis ac lubricae possessionem natura nos misit, ex qua expellit quicumque vult.", { "mt": 8 } ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Römischer Stoiker, Staatsmann und Dramatiker (ca. 4 v. Chr. – 65 n. Chr.). Seine Briefe über Ethik, Zeit und das gute Leben zählen zu den meistgelesenen stoischen Texten.", "en": "Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, and dramatist (c. 4 BC – 65 AD). His letters on ethics, time, and the good life remain among the most widely read Stoic writings." }, "context": { "de": "Briefe an Lucilius: Senecas Briefe an einen Freund, geschrieben in seinen letzten Lebensjahren, 62–65 n. Chr.", "en": "Letters to Lucilius: Seneca’s letters to a friend, written in his final years, AD 62–65." } }, { "id": "II-2", "serie": "II", "nr": 2, "author": "Seneca", "who": { "de": "SENECA", "en": "SENECA" }, "src": { "de": "DE BREVITATE VITAE 3.1", "en": "DE BREVITATE VITAE 3.1" }, "quote": { "de": "Beim Vermögen sind sie knauserig; geht es aber ums Vergeuden von Zeit, sind sie maßlos verschwenderisch – ausgerechnet bei dem Einzigen, bei dem Geiz ehrenhaft ist.", "en": "They are tight-fisted in guarding their fortunes, yet when it comes to wasting time they are utterly lavish – with the one thing in which it is honourable to be a miser." }, "source": { "de": "De brevitate vitae 3.1", "en": "On the Shortness of Life 3.1" }, "link": "https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/sen/sen.brevita.shtml", "question": { "de": "Wie viel deiner Zeit ist diese Woche versickert?", "en": "How much of your time leaked away this week?" }, "original": { "lang": "la", "text": "Adstricti sunt in continendo patrimonio, simul ad iacturam temporis ventum est, profusissimi in eo cuius unius honesta avaritia est.", "layout": [ [ "R", 3, "Adstricti sunt in continendo patrimonio, simul ad iacturam temporis ventum est,", { "col": "ink2" } ], [ "I", 5, "profusissimi", { "mt": 4, "col": "acc" } ], [ "R", 3, "in eo cuius unius honesta", { "mt": 8 } ], [ "C", 6, "avaritia est." ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Römischer Stoiker, Staatsmann und Dramatiker (ca. 4 v. Chr. – 65 n. Chr.). Seine Briefe über Ethik, Zeit und das gute Leben zählen zu den meistgelesenen stoischen Texten.", "en": "Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, and dramatist (c. 4 BC – 65 AD). His letters on ethics, time, and the good life remain among the most widely read Stoic writings." }, "context": { "de": "Über die Kürze des Lebens: Senecas Schrift darüber, dass wir das Leben nicht kurz bekommen, sondern es kurz machen.", "en": "On the Shortness of Life: Seneca’s essay arguing that life is not short, but that we make it so." } }, { "id": "II-3", "serie": "II", "nr": 3, "author": "Seneca", "who": { "de": "SENECA", "en": "SENECA" }, "src": { "de": "DE BREVITATE VITAE 2.2", "en": "DE BREVITATE VITAE 2.2" }, "quote": { "de": "Der Teil des Lebens, den wir wirklich leben, ist klein. Denn der ganze Rest der Existenz ist nicht Leben, sondern bloß Zeit.", "en": "The part of life we really live is small. For all the rest of existence is not life, but merely time." }, "source": { "de": "De brevitate vitae 2.2, nach der engl. Übers. von J. W. Basore (1932)", "en": "On the Shortness of Life 2.2, after the English translation by J. W. Basore (1932)" }, "link": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/On_the_shortness_of_life/Chapter_II", "question": { "de": "Wann hast du zuletzt wirklich gelebt, nicht nur Zeit verbracht?", "en": "When did you last truly live, not just pass time?" }, "original": { "lang": "la", "text": "Exigua pars est vitae qua vivimus. Ceterum quidem omne spatium non vita sed tempus est.", "layout": [ [ "C", 6, "Exigua" ], [ "R", 3, "pars est vitae qua vivimus.", { "mt": 2 } ], [ "R", 3, "Ceterum quidem omne spatium non vita", { "mt": 10, "col": "ink2" } ], [ "I", 4, "sed", { "mt": 4, "col": "acc" } ], [ "C", 8, "tempus est.", { "dot": "clock" } ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Römischer Stoiker, Staatsmann und Dramatiker (ca. 4 v. Chr. – 65 n. Chr.). Seine Briefe über Ethik, Zeit und das gute Leben zählen zu den meistgelesenen stoischen Texten.", "en": "Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, and dramatist (c. 4 BC – 65 AD). His letters on ethics, time, and the good life remain among the most widely read Stoic writings." }, "context": { "de": "Über die Kürze des Lebens: Senecas Schrift darüber, dass wir das Leben nicht kurz bekommen, sondern es kurz machen.", "en": "On the Shortness of Life: Seneca’s essay arguing that life is not short, but that we make it so." } }, { "id": "II-4", "serie": "II", "nr": 4, "author": "Seneca", "who": { "de": "SENECA", "en": "SENECA" }, "src": { "de": "EPISTULAE MORALES 2.2", "en": "EPISTULAE MORALES 2.2" }, "quote": { "de": "Wer überall ist, ist nirgends.", "en": "He who is everywhere is nowhere." }, "source": { "de": "Epistulae morales 2.2", "en": "Letters to Lucilius 2.2" }, "link": "https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/sen/seneca.ep1.shtml", "question": { "de": "Auf wie viele Dinge verteilst du dich gerade?", "en": "How many things are you spreading yourself across right now?" }, "original": { "lang": "la", "text": "Nusquam est qui ubique est.", "layout": [ [ "O", 8, "Nusquam" ], [ "I", 4, "est qui", { "mt": 4, "col": "acc" } ], [ "C", 7, "ubique", { "mt": 2 } ], [ "I", 5, "est.", { "mt": 2 } ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Römischer Stoiker, Staatsmann und Dramatiker (ca. 4 v. Chr. – 65 n. Chr.). Seine Briefe über Ethik, Zeit und das gute Leben zählen zu den meistgelesenen stoischen Texten.", "en": "Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, and dramatist (c. 4 BC – 65 AD). His letters on ethics, time, and the good life remain among the most widely read Stoic writings." }, "context": { "de": "Briefe an Lucilius: Senecas Briefe an einen Freund, geschrieben in seinen letzten Lebensjahren, 62–65 n. Chr.", "en": "Letters to Lucilius: Seneca’s letters to a friend, written in his final years, AD 62–65." } }, { "id": "II-5", "serie": "II", "nr": 5, "author": "Seneca", "who": { "de": "SENECA", "en": "SENECA" }, "src": { "de": "EPISTULAE MORALES 1.2–3", "en": "EPISTULAE MORALES 1.2–3" }, "quote": { "de": "Während man das Leben aufschiebt, verrinnt es.", "en": "While we are postponing, life speeds by." }, "source": { "de": "Epistulae morales 1.2–3, nach der engl. Übers. von R. M. Gummere (1917)", "en": "Letters to Lucilius 1.2–3, after the English translation by R. M. Gummere (1917)" }, "link": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Moral_letters_to_Lucilius/Letter_1", "question": { "de": "Was schiebst du schon viel zu lange vor dir her?", "en": "What have you been putting off for far too long?" }, "original": { "lang": "la", "text": "Dum differtur vita, transcurrit.", "layout": [ [ "R", 3, "Dum differtur" ], [ "row", [ [ "C", 8, "vita," ], [ "I", 5, "transcurrit.", { "col": "acc", "fx": "speed" } ] ], { "gap": 12, "align": "baseline", "mt": 6 } ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Römischer Stoiker, Staatsmann und Dramatiker (ca. 4 v. Chr. – 65 n. Chr.). Seine Briefe über Ethik, Zeit und das gute Leben zählen zu den meistgelesenen stoischen Texten.", "en": "Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, and dramatist (c. 4 BC – 65 AD). His letters on ethics, time, and the good life remain among the most widely read Stoic writings." }, "context": { "de": "Briefe an Lucilius: Senecas Briefe an einen Freund, geschrieben in seinen letzten Lebensjahren, 62–65 n. Chr.", "en": "Letters to Lucilius: Seneca’s letters to a friend, written in his final years, AD 62–65." } }, { "id": "II-6", "serie": "II", "nr": 6, "author": "Seneca", "who": { "de": "SENECA", "en": "SENECA" }, "src": { "de": "DE BREVITATE VITAE 9.1", "en": "DE BREVITATE VITAE 9.1" }, "quote": { "de": "Das größte Hindernis des Lebens ist das Warten: Es hängt am morgigen Tag und verliert den heutigen.", "en": "The greatest obstacle to living is waiting: it hangs on tomorrow and loses today." }, "source": { "de": "De brevitate vitae 9.1", "en": "On the Shortness of Life 9.1" }, "link": "https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/sen/sen.brevita.shtml", "question": { "de": "Wo warst du heute mit dem Kopf: im Heute oder im Morgen?", "en": "Where was your mind today: in today or in tomorrow?" }, "original": { "lang": "la", "text": "Maximum vivendi impedimentum est exspectatio, quae pendet ex crastino, perdit hodiernum.", "layout": [ [ "R", 3, "Maximum vivendi impedimentum est" ], [ "C", 7, "exspectatio,", { "mt": 2, "col": "acc" } ], [ "R", 3, "quae pendet ex crastino,", { "mt": 8, "col": "ink2" } ], [ "I", 4, "perdit", { "mt": 2 } ], [ "C", 6, "hodiernum." ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Römischer Stoiker, Staatsmann und Dramatiker (ca. 4 v. Chr. – 65 n. Chr.). Seine Briefe über Ethik, Zeit und das gute Leben zählen zu den meistgelesenen stoischen Texten.", "en": "Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, and dramatist (c. 4 BC – 65 AD). His letters on ethics, time, and the good life remain among the most widely read Stoic writings." }, "context": { "de": "Über die Kürze des Lebens: Senecas Schrift darüber, dass wir das Leben nicht kurz bekommen, sondern es kurz machen.", "en": "On the Shortness of Life: Seneca’s essay arguing that life is not short, but that we make it so." } }, { "id": "II-7", "serie": "II", "nr": 7, "author": "Seneca", "who": { "de": "SENECA", "en": "SENECA" }, "src": { "de": "DE BREVITATE VITAE 9.1", "en": "DE BREVITATE VITAE 9.1" }, "quote": { "de": "Alles, was kommen wird, liegt im Ungewissen: Lebe jetzt.", "en": "The whole future lies in uncertainty: live immediately." }, "source": { "de": "De brevitate vitae 9.1, nach der engl. Übers. von J. W. Basore (1932)", "en": "On the Shortness of Life 9.1, after the English translation by J. W. Basore (1932)" }, "link": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/On_the_shortness_of_life/Chapter_IX", "question": { "de": "Was hebst du dir für später auf, das du heute leben könntest?", "en": "What are you saving for later that you could live today?" }, "original": { "lang": "la", "text": "Omnia quae ventura sunt in incerto iacent: protinus vive.", "layout": [ [ "R", 3, "Omnia quae ventura sunt" ], [ "I", 5, "in incerto iacent:", { "col": "acc" } ], [ "C", 6, "protinus", { "mt": 6 } ], [ "C", 8, "vive." ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Römischer Stoiker, Staatsmann und Dramatiker (ca. 4 v. Chr. – 65 n. Chr.). Seine Briefe über Ethik, Zeit und das gute Leben zählen zu den meistgelesenen stoischen Texten.", "en": "Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, and dramatist (c. 4 BC – 65 AD). His letters on ethics, time, and the good life remain among the most widely read Stoic writings." }, "context": { "de": "Über die Kürze des Lebens: Senecas Schrift darüber, dass wir das Leben nicht kurz bekommen, sondern es kurz machen.", "en": "On the Shortness of Life: Seneca’s essay arguing that life is not short, but that we make it so." } }, { "id": "II-8", "serie": "II", "nr": 8, "author": "Epiktet", "who": { "de": "EPIKTET", "en": "EPICTETUS" }, "src": { "de": "DIATRIBEN 1.1.23", "en": "DISCOURSES 1.1.23" }, "quote": { "de": "Mein Bein kannst du fesseln. Meinen Willen aber kann nicht einmal Zeus bezwingen.", "en": "You may chain my leg, but not even Zeus can overpower my will." }, "source": { "de": "Diatriben 1.1.23", "en": "Discourses 1.1.23" }, "link": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0557.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.1.23/", "question": { "de": "Wie viel von dem, was dich ausmacht, könnte dir jemand nehmen?", "en": "How much of what makes you you could someone take away?" }, "original": { "lang": "grc", "text": "τὸ σκέλος μου δήσεις, τὴν προαίρεσιν δὲ οὐδʼ ὁ Ζεὺς νικῆσαι δύναται.", "layout": [ [ "I", 3, "τὸ σκέλος μου δήσεις,", { "col": "ink2", "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 8, "τὴν προαίρεσιν", { "mt": 10, "col": "acc", "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 4, "δὲ οὐδʼ ὁ Ζεὺς νικῆσαι δύναται.", { "mt": 4, "greek": 1 } ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Griechischer Stoiker (ca. 50–135 n. Chr.). Als Sklave geboren, später freigelassen. Lehrte, dass Philosophie Lebensweise ist – nicht Theorie – und Freiheit bei dem beginnt, was man selbst in der Hand hat.", "en": "Greek Stoic philosopher (c. 50–135 AD). Born enslaved, later freed. Taught that philosophy is a way of life — not theory — and that freedom begins with what lies within one’s own power." }, "context": { "de": "Diatriben: Epiktets Lehrgespräche, aufgeschrieben von seinem Schüler Arrian.", "en": "Discourses: Epictetus’s teaching conversations, written down by his student Arrian." } }, { "id": "II-9", "serie": "II", "nr": 9, "author": "Epiktet", "who": { "de": "EPIKTET", "en": "EPICTETUS" }, "src": { "de": "ENCHEIRIDION 5", "en": "ENCHEIRIDION 5" }, "quote": { "de": "Nicht die Dinge selbst, sondern die Meinungen von den Dingen beunruhigen die Menschen.", "en": "It’s not things that disturb us, but our judgments about things." }, "source": { "de": "Encheiridion 5", "en": "Enchiridion 5" }, "link": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Epictetus,_the_Discourses_as_reported_by_Arrian,_the_Manual,_and_Fragments/Manual", "question": { "de": "Wie schnell merkst du, wenn dich nur deine Vorstellung beunruhigt?", "en": "How quickly do you notice when only your own judgment is troubling you?" }, "original": { "lang": "grc", "text": "Ταράσσει τοὺς ἀνθρώπους οὐ τὰ πράγματα, ἀλλὰ τὰ περὶ τῶν πραγμάτων δόγματα.", "layout": [ [ "I", 3, "Ταράσσει τοὺς ἀνθρώπους οὐ τὰ πράγματα,", { "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 4, "ἀλλὰ τὰ περὶ τῶν πραγμάτων", { "mt": 6, "col": "acc", "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 7, "δόγματα.", { "mt": 2, "greek": 1 } ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Griechischer Stoiker (ca. 50–135 n. Chr.). Als Sklave geboren, später freigelassen. Lehrte, dass Philosophie Lebensweise ist – nicht Theorie – und Freiheit bei dem beginnt, was man selbst in der Hand hat.", "en": "Greek Stoic philosopher (c. 50–135 AD). Born enslaved, later freed. Taught that philosophy is a way of life — not theory — and that freedom begins with what lies within one’s own power." }, "context": { "de": "Encheiridion: ein Handbüchlein, in dem sein Schüler Arrian Epiktets Lehre in kurzen Sätzen bündelte.", "en": "Enchiridion: a little handbook in which his student Arrian condensed Epictetus’s teaching into short passages." } }, { "id": "II-10", "serie": "II", "nr": 10, "author": "Seneca", "who": { "de": "SENECA", "en": "SENECA" }, "src": { "de": "EPISTULAE MORALES 13.4", "en": "EPISTULAE MORALES 13.4" }, "quote": { "de": "Wir leiden häufiger in der Vorstellung als in der Wirklichkeit.", "en": "We suffer more often in imagination than in reality." }, "source": { "de": "Epistulae morales 13.4, englisch nach R. M. Gummere (1917)", "en": "Letters to Lucilius 13.4, English after R. M. Gummere (1917)" }, "link": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Moral_letters_to_Lucilius/Letter_13", "question": { "de": "Wie viele deiner Sorgen sind bisher nur im Kopf passiert?", "en": "How many of your worries have only ever happened in your head?" }, "original": { "lang": "la", "text": "Plura sunt quae nos terrent quam quae premunt, et saepius opinione quam re laboramus.", "layout": [ [ "R", 3, "Plura sunt quae nos terrent quam quae premunt,", { "col": "ink2" } ], [ "R", 4, "et saepius", { "mt": 8 } ], [ "I", 6, "opinione", { "mt": 2, "col": "acc" } ], [ "R", 3, "quam", { "mt": 2 } ], [ "C", 7, "re laboramus." ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Römischer Stoiker, Staatsmann und Dramatiker (ca. 4 v. Chr. – 65 n. Chr.). Seine Briefe über Ethik, Zeit und das gute Leben zählen zu den meistgelesenen stoischen Texten.", "en": "Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, and dramatist (c. 4 BC – 65 AD). His letters on ethics, time, and the good life remain among the most widely read Stoic writings." }, "context": { "de": "Briefe an Lucilius: Senecas Briefe an einen Freund, geschrieben in seinen letzten Lebensjahren, 62–65 n. Chr.", "en": "Letters to Lucilius: Seneca’s letters to a friend, written in his final years, AD 62–65." } }, { "id": "II-11", "serie": "II", "nr": 11, "author": "Epiktet", "who": { "de": "EPIKTET", "en": "EPICTETUS" }, "src": { "de": "ENCHEIRIDION 11", "en": "ENCHEIRIDION 11" }, "quote": { "de": "Sag nie von etwas: ‚Ich habe es verloren‘, sondern: ‚Ich habe es zurückgegeben.‘", "en": "Never say of anything, ‘I have lost it,’ but rather, ‘I have given it back.’" }, "source": { "de": "Encheiridion 11.1", "en": "Enchiridion 11.1" }, "link": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0557.tlg002.perseus-grc2:11.1/", "question": { "de": "Wie sehr kämpfst du gerade gegen etwas, das längst passiert ist?", "en": "How hard are you fighting something that has already happened?" }, "original": { "lang": "grc", "text": "μηδέποτε ἐπὶ μηδενὸς εἴπῃς ὅτι ἀπώλεσα αὐτό, ἀλλʼ ὅτι ἀπέδωκα.", "layout": [ [ "I", 3, "μηδέποτε ἐπὶ μηδενὸς εἴπῃς ὅτι", { "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 6, "ἀπώλεσα αὐτό,", { "mt": 4, "col": "ink2", "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 4, "ἀλλʼ ὅτι", { "mt": 8, "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 7, "ἀπέδωκα.", { "col": "acc", "greek": 1 } ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Griechischer Stoiker (ca. 50–135 n. Chr.). Als Sklave geboren, später freigelassen. Lehrte, dass Philosophie Lebensweise ist – nicht Theorie – und Freiheit bei dem beginnt, was man selbst in der Hand hat.", "en": "Greek Stoic philosopher (c. 50–135 AD). Born enslaved, later freed. Taught that philosophy is a way of life — not theory — and that freedom begins with what lies within one’s own power." }, "context": { "de": "Encheiridion: ein Handbüchlein, in dem sein Schüler Arrian Epiktets Lehre in kurzen Sätzen bündelte.", "en": "Enchiridion: a little handbook in which his student Arrian condensed Epictetus’s teaching into short passages." } }, { "id": "II-12", "serie": "II", "nr": 12, "author": "Seneca", "who": { "de": "SENECA", "en": "SENECA" }, "src": { "de": "DE PROVIDENTIA 4.3", "en": "DE PROVIDENTIA 4.3" }, "quote": { "de": "Ich halte dich für unglücklich, weil du nie unglücklich warst. Du bist ohne Gegner durchs Leben gegangen; niemand wird wissen, was du vermocht hättest – nicht einmal du selbst.", "en": "I judge you unfortunate because you have never been unfortunate. You have passed through life without an adversary; no one will know what you were capable of – not even you yourself." }, "source": { "de": "De providentia 4.3", "en": "On Providence 4.3" }, "link": "https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/sen/sen.prov.shtml", "question": { "de": "Was hat dir die letzte schwere Zeit über dich gezeigt?", "en": "What did your last hard time show you about yourself?" }, "original": { "lang": "la", "text": "Miserum te iudico, quod numquam fuisti miser. Transisti sine adversario vitam; nemo sciet quid potueris, ne tu quidem ipse.", "layout": [ [ "I", 3, "Miserum te iudico, quod numquam fuisti miser.", { "col": "ink2" } ], [ "R", 3, "Transisti sine adversario vitam; nemo sciet quid potueris,", { "mt": 6 } ], [ "row", [ [ "I", 4, "ne tu", { "col": "acc" } ], [ "C", 5, "quidem ipse.", { "col": "acc" } ] ], { "gap": 8, "align": "baseline", "mt": 4 } ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Römischer Stoiker, Staatsmann und Dramatiker (ca. 4 v. Chr. – 65 n. Chr.). Seine Briefe über Ethik, Zeit und das gute Leben zählen zu den meistgelesenen stoischen Texten.", "en": "Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, and dramatist (c. 4 BC – 65 AD). His letters on ethics, time, and the good life remain among the most widely read Stoic writings." } }, { "id": "II-13", "serie": "II", "nr": 13, "author": "Epiktet", "who": { "de": "EPIKTET", "en": "EPICTETUS" }, "src": { "de": "ENCHEIRIDION 13", "en": "ENCHEIRIDION 13" }, "quote": { "de": "Wenn du vorankommen willst, nimm es hin, in äußeren Dingen für töricht und einfältig gehalten zu werden.", "en": "If you want to make progress, be content to be thought foolish and simple in external things." }, "source": { "de": "Encheiridion 13.1", "en": "Enchiridion 13.1" }, "link": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0557.tlg002.perseus-grc2:13.1/", "question": { "de": "Wann hast du zuletzt etwas getan, obwohl andere es für dumm hielten?", "en": "When did you last do something others thought was foolish?" }, "original": { "lang": "grc", "text": "εἰ προκόψαι θέλεις, ὑπόμεινον ἕνεκα τῶν ἐκτὸς ἀνόητος δόξας καὶ ἠλίθιος.", "layout": [ [ "I", 3, "εἰ προκόψαι θέλεις, ὑπόμεινον ἕνεκα τῶν ἐκτὸς", { "col": "ink2", "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 6, "ἀνόητος δόξας", { "mt": 6, "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 6, "καὶ ἠλίθιος.", { "col": "acc", "greek": 1 } ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Griechischer Stoiker (ca. 50–135 n. Chr.). Als Sklave geboren, später freigelassen. Lehrte, dass Philosophie Lebensweise ist – nicht Theorie – und Freiheit bei dem beginnt, was man selbst in der Hand hat.", "en": "Greek Stoic philosopher (c. 50–135 AD). Born enslaved, later freed. Taught that philosophy is a way of life — not theory — and that freedom begins with what lies within one’s own power." }, "context": { "de": "Encheiridion: ein Handbüchlein, in dem sein Schüler Arrian Epiktets Lehre in kurzen Sätzen bündelte.", "en": "Enchiridion: a little handbook in which his student Arrian condensed Epictetus’s teaching into short passages." } }, { "id": "II-14", "serie": "II", "nr": 14, "author": "Mark Aurel", "who": { "de": "MARK AUREL", "en": "MARCUS AURELIUS" }, "src": { "de": "SELBSTBETRACHTUNGEN 5.20", "en": "MEDITATIONS 5.20" }, "quote": { "de": "Der Geist passt sich an und macht sich das Hindernis seines Handelns zunutze. Was das Handeln hemmt, treibt es voran. Was im Weg steht, wird zum Weg.", "en": "The mind adapts and converts to its own purposes the obstacle to our acting. The impediment to action advances action. What stands in the way becomes the way." }, "source": { "de": "Selbstbetrachtungen 5.20, nach der engl. Übers. von Gregory Hays (2002)", "en": "Meditations 5.20, after the English translation by Gregory Hays (2002)" }, "link": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0562.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.20/", "question": { "de": "Könnte dein Hindernis gerade selbst der Weg sein?", "en": "Could your obstacle be the way itself right now?" }, "original": { "lang": "grc", "text": "περιτρέπει γὰρ καὶ μεθίστησι πᾶν τὸ τῆς ἐνεργείας κώλυμα ἡ διάνοια εἰς τὸ προηγούμενον, καὶ πρὸ ἔργου γίνεται τὸ τοῦ ἔργου τούτου ἐφεκτικόν, καὶ πρὸ ὁδοῦ τὸ τῆς ὁδοῦ ταύτης ἐνστατικόν.", "layout": [ [ "I", 3, "περιτρέπει γὰρ καὶ μεθίστησι πᾶν τὸ τῆς ἐνεργείας κώλυμα ἡ διάνοια εἰς τὸ προηγούμενον,", { "col": "ink2", "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 3, "καὶ πρὸ ἔργου γίνεται τὸ τοῦ ἔργου τούτου ἐφεκτικόν,", { "mt": 8, "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 4, "καὶ πρὸ ὁδοῦ", { "mt": 8, "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 5, "τὸ τῆς ὁδοῦ ταύτης ἐνστατικόν.", { "col": "acc", "greek": 1 } ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Römischer Kaiser und stoischer Philosoph (121–180 n. Chr.). Seine „Selbstbetrachtungen“ gehören zu den bedeutendsten Texten über innere Disziplin, Pflicht und Selbstbeherrschung.", "en": "Roman Emperor and Stoic philosopher (121–180 AD). His “Meditations” remains one of the most enduring texts on inner discipline, duty, and self-mastery." }, "context": { "de": "Selbstbetrachtungen: Notizen, die Kaiser Mark Aurel für sich selbst schrieb, teils während seiner Feldzüge.", "en": "Meditations: notes Emperor Marcus Aurelius wrote for himself, partly during his military campaigns." } }, { "id": "II-15", "serie": "II", "nr": 15, "author": "Seneca", "who": { "de": "SENECA", "en": "SENECA" }, "src": { "de": "EPISTULAE MORALES 2.6", "en": "EPISTULAE MORALES 2.6" }, "quote": { "de": "Nicht der ist arm, der zu wenig hat, sondern der, der nach mehr verlangt.", "en": "It is not the man who has too little, but the man who craves more, that is poor." }, "source": { "de": "Epistulae morales 2.6, nach der engl. Übers. von R. M. Gummere (1917)", "en": "Letters to Lucilius 2.6, after the English translation by R. M. Gummere (1917)" }, "link": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Moral_letters_to_Lucilius/Letter_2", "question": { "de": "Wann ist genug für dich genug?", "en": "When is enough enough for you?" }, "original": { "lang": "la", "text": "Non qui parum habet, sed qui plus cupit, pauper est.", "layout": [ [ "R", 3, "Non qui parum habet," ], [ "I", 4, "sed qui", { "mt": 8, "col": "acc" } ], [ "C", 6, "plus cupit,", { "mt": 2 } ], [ "R", 3, "pauper est." ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Römischer Stoiker, Staatsmann und Dramatiker (ca. 4 v. Chr. – 65 n. Chr.). Seine Briefe über Ethik, Zeit und das gute Leben zählen zu den meistgelesenen stoischen Texten.", "en": "Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, and dramatist (c. 4 BC – 65 AD). His letters on ethics, time, and the good life remain among the most widely read Stoic writings." }, "context": { "de": "Briefe an Lucilius: Senecas Briefe an einen Freund, geschrieben in seinen letzten Lebensjahren, 62–65 n. Chr.", "en": "Letters to Lucilius: Seneca’s letters to a friend, written in his final years, AD 62–65." } }, { "id": "II-16", "serie": "II", "nr": 16, "author": "Mark Aurel", "who": { "de": "MARK AUREL", "en": "MARCUS AURELIUS" }, "src": { "de": "SELBSTBETRACHTUNGEN 3.10", "en": "MEDITATIONS 3.10" }, "quote": { "de": "Jeder lebt nur diesen gegenwärtigen Augenblick, diesen winzigen. Alles andere ist schon gelebt oder liegt im Dunkeln.", "en": "Each of us lives only this present moment, this tiny one. All the rest has either been lived already or lies in darkness." }, "source": { "de": "Selbstbetrachtungen 3.10", "en": "Meditations 3.10" }, "link": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0562.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.10/", "question": { "de": "Wie viel von heute hast du wirklich im Augenblick verbracht?", "en": "How much of today did you really spend in the moment?" }, "original": { "lang": "grc", "text": "μόνον ζῇ ἕκαστος τὸ παρὸν τοῦτο, τὸ ἀκαριαῖον· τὰ δὲ ἄλλα ἢ βεβίωται ἢ ἐν ἀδήλῳ.", "layout": [ [ "I", 3, "μόνον ζῇ ἕκαστος", { "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 7, "τὸ παρὸν τοῦτο,", { "mt": 2, "col": "acc", "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 4, "τὸ ἀκαριαῖον·", { "mt": 2, "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 3, "τὰ δὲ ἄλλα ἢ βεβίωται ἢ", { "mt": 12, "col": "ink2", "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 6, "ἐν ἀδήλῳ.", { "col": "ink2", "greek": 1 } ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Römischer Kaiser und stoischer Philosoph (121–180 n. Chr.). Seine „Selbstbetrachtungen“ gehören zu den bedeutendsten Texten über innere Disziplin, Pflicht und Selbstbeherrschung.", "en": "Roman Emperor and Stoic philosopher (121–180 AD). His “Meditations” remains one of the most enduring texts on inner discipline, duty, and self-mastery." }, "context": { "de": "Selbstbetrachtungen: Notizen, die Kaiser Mark Aurel für sich selbst schrieb, teils während seiner Feldzüge.", "en": "Meditations: notes Emperor Marcus Aurelius wrote for himself, partly during his military campaigns." } }, { "id": "II-17", "serie": "II", "nr": 17, "author": "Mark Aurel", "who": { "de": "MARK AUREL", "en": "MARCUS AURELIUS" }, "src": { "de": "SELBSTBETRACHTUNGEN 5.16", "en": "MEDITATIONS 5.16" }, "quote": { "de": "Die Seele nimmt die Farbe ihrer Gedanken an.", "en": "The soul becomes dyed with the colour of its thoughts." }, "source": { "de": "Selbstbetrachtungen 5.16, nach der engl. Übers. von Maxwell Staniforth (1964)", "en": "Meditations 5.16, after the English translation by Maxwell Staniforth (1964)" }, "link": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0562.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.16/", "question": { "de": "Welche Farbe hatten deine Gedanken heute?", "en": "What colour were your thoughts today?" }, "original": { "lang": "grc", "text": "Οἷα ἂν πολλάκις φαντασθῇς, τοιαύτη σοι ἔσται ἡ διάνοια· βάπτεται γὰρ ὑπὸ τῶν φαντασιῶν ἡ ψυχή.", "layout": [ [ "I", 3, "Οἷα ἂν πολλάκις φαντασθῇς, τοιαύτη σοι ἔσται ἡ διάνοια·", { "col": "ink2", "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 6, "βάπτεται", { "mt": 8, "col": "acc", "iris": 1, "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 4, "γὰρ ὑπὸ τῶν φαντασιῶν", { "mt": 4, "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 7, "ἡ ψυχή.", { "greek": 1 } ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Römischer Kaiser und stoischer Philosoph (121–180 n. Chr.). Seine „Selbstbetrachtungen“ gehören zu den bedeutendsten Texten über innere Disziplin, Pflicht und Selbstbeherrschung.", "en": "Roman Emperor and Stoic philosopher (121–180 AD). His “Meditations” remains one of the most enduring texts on inner discipline, duty, and self-mastery." }, "context": { "de": "Selbstbetrachtungen: Notizen, die Kaiser Mark Aurel für sich selbst schrieb, teils während seiner Feldzüge.", "en": "Meditations: notes Emperor Marcus Aurelius wrote for himself, partly during his military campaigns." } }, { "id": "II-18", "serie": "II", "nr": 18, "author": "Mark Aurel", "who": { "de": "MARK AUREL", "en": "MARCUS AURELIUS" }, "src": { "de": "SELBSTBETRACHTUNGEN 6.6", "en": "MEDITATIONS 6.6" }, "quote": { "de": "Die beste Art, sich zu wehren: nicht zu werden wie der andere.", "en": "The best way to defend yourself: not to become like the other." }, "source": { "de": "Selbstbetrachtungen 6.6", "en": "Meditations 6.6" }, "link": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0562.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.6/", "question": { "de": "Wie oft wirst du wie der, über den du dich ärgerst?", "en": "How often do you become like the person who annoys you?" }, "original": { "lang": "grc", "text": "Ἄριστος τρόπος τοῦ ἀμύνεσθαι τὸ μὴ ἐξομοιοῦσθαι.", "layout": [ [ "I", 4, "Ἄριστος τρόπος τοῦ ἀμύνεσθαι", { "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 8, "τὸ μὴ", { "mt": 8, "col": "acc", "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 6, "ἐξομοιοῦσθαι.", { "mt": 2, "greek": 1 } ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Römischer Kaiser und stoischer Philosoph (121–180 n. Chr.). Seine „Selbstbetrachtungen“ gehören zu den bedeutendsten Texten über innere Disziplin, Pflicht und Selbstbeherrschung.", "en": "Roman Emperor and Stoic philosopher (121–180 AD). His “Meditations” remains one of the most enduring texts on inner discipline, duty, and self-mastery." }, "context": { "de": "Selbstbetrachtungen: Notizen, die Kaiser Mark Aurel für sich selbst schrieb, teils während seiner Feldzüge.", "en": "Meditations: notes Emperor Marcus Aurelius wrote for himself, partly during his military campaigns." } }, { "id": "II-19", "serie": "II", "nr": 19, "author": "Mark Aurel", "who": { "de": "MARK AUREL", "en": "MARCUS AURELIUS" }, "src": { "de": "SELBSTBETRACHTUNGEN 4.17", "en": "MEDITATIONS 4.17" }, "quote": { "de": "Tu nicht so, als hättest du noch zehntausend Jahre zu leben. Das Unvermeidliche hängt über dir. Solange du lebst, solange es dir möglich ist – werde gut.", "en": "Don’t act as if you have ten thousand years left. The inevitable hangs over you. While you’re alive – while you still can – become good." }, "source": { "de": "Selbstbetrachtungen 4.17", "en": "Meditations 4.17" }, "link": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0562.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.17/", "question": { "de": "Wie sehr lebst du gerade, als hättest du ewig Zeit?", "en": "How much are you living as if you had all the time in the world?" }, "original": { "lang": "grc", "text": "Μὴ ὡς μύρια μέλλων ἔτη ζῆν. τὸ χρεὼν ἐπήρτηται· ἕως ζῇς, ἕως ἔξεστιν, ἀγαθὸς γενοῦ.", "layout": [ [ "I", 3, "Μὴ ὡς", { "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 6, "μύρια μέλλων ἔτη", { "mt": 2, "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 3, "ζῆν.", { "mt": 2, "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 4, "τὸ χρεὼν ἐπήρτηται·", { "mt": 6, "col": "acc", "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 3, "ἕως ζῇς, ἕως ἔξεστιν,", { "mt": 6, "col": "ink2", "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 7, "ἀγαθὸς γενοῦ.", { "greek": 1 } ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Römischer Kaiser und stoischer Philosoph (121–180 n. Chr.). Seine „Selbstbetrachtungen“ gehören zu den bedeutendsten Texten über innere Disziplin, Pflicht und Selbstbeherrschung.", "en": "Roman Emperor and Stoic philosopher (121–180 AD). His “Meditations” remains one of the most enduring texts on inner discipline, duty, and self-mastery." }, "context": { "de": "Selbstbetrachtungen: Notizen, die Kaiser Mark Aurel für sich selbst schrieb, teils während seiner Feldzüge.", "en": "Meditations: notes Emperor Marcus Aurelius wrote for himself, partly during his military campaigns." } }, { "id": "II-20", "serie": "II", "nr": 20, "author": "Mark Aurel", "who": { "de": "MARK AUREL", "en": "MARCUS AURELIUS" }, "src": { "de": "SELBSTBETRACHTUNGEN 7.21", "en": "MEDITATIONS 7.21" }, "quote": { "de": "Bald hast du alles vergessen. Und bald hat alles dich vergessen.", "en": "In a short time you will have forgotten everything. And in a short time everything will have forgotten you." }, "source": { "de": "Selbstbetrachtungen 7.21", "en": "Meditations 7.21" }, "link": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0562.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.21/", "question": { "de": "Was würdest du noch tun, wenn sich am Ende keiner an dich erinnert?", "en": "What would you still do if no one remembered you in the end?" }, "original": { "lang": "grc", "text": "Ἐγγὺς μὲν ἡ σὴ περὶ πάντων λήθη, ἐγγὺς δὲ ἡ πάντων περὶ σοῦ λήθη.", "layout": [ [ "I", 3, "Ἐγγὺς μὲν ἡ σὴ περὶ πάντων λήθη,", { "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 4, "ἐγγὺς δὲ ἡ πάντων", { "mt": 10, "col": "acc", "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 7, "περὶ σοῦ λήθη.", { "greek": 1 } ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Römischer Kaiser und stoischer Philosoph (121–180 n. Chr.). Seine „Selbstbetrachtungen“ gehören zu den bedeutendsten Texten über innere Disziplin, Pflicht und Selbstbeherrschung.", "en": "Roman Emperor and Stoic philosopher (121–180 AD). His “Meditations” remains one of the most enduring texts on inner discipline, duty, and self-mastery." }, "context": { "de": "Selbstbetrachtungen: Notizen, die Kaiser Mark Aurel für sich selbst schrieb, teils während seiner Feldzüge.", "en": "Meditations: notes Emperor Marcus Aurelius wrote for himself, partly during his military campaigns." } }, { "id": "II-21", "serie": "II", "nr": 21, "author": "Mark Aurel", "who": { "de": "MARK AUREL", "en": "MARCUS AURELIUS" }, "src": { "de": "SELBSTBETRACHTUNGEN 10.16", "en": "MEDITATIONS 10.16" }, "quote": { "de": "Verschwende keine Zeit mehr damit, zu streiten, was ein guter Mensch sein sollte. Sei einer.", "en": "Waste no more time arguing about what a good man should be. Be one." }, "source": { "de": "Selbstbetrachtungen 10.16", "en": "Meditations 10.16" }, "link": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0562.tlg001.perseus-grc2:10.16/", "question": { "de": "Wie viel Zeit verbringst du mit Reden über das Gute – und wie viel mit Tun?", "en": "How much time do you spend talking about the good – and how much doing it?" }, "original": { "lang": "grc", "text": "Μηκέθ᾽ ὅλως περὶ τοῦ οἷόν τινα εἶναι τὸν ἀγαθὸν ἄνδρα διαλέγεσθαι, ἀλλὰ εἶναι τοιοῦτον.", "layout": [ [ "I", 4.2, "Μηκέθ᾽ ὅλως περὶ τοῦ οἷόν τινα εἶναι τὸν ἀγαθὸν ἄνδρα διαλέγεσθαι,", { "col": "ink2", "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 8, "ἀλλὰ εἶναι τοιοῦτον.", { "col": "acc", "mt": 22, "greek": 1 } ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Römischer Kaiser und stoischer Philosoph (121–180 n. Chr.). Seine „Selbstbetrachtungen“ gehören zu den bedeutendsten Texten über innere Disziplin, Pflicht und Selbstbeherrschung.", "en": "Roman Emperor and Stoic philosopher (121–180 AD). His “Meditations” remains one of the most enduring texts on inner discipline, duty, and self-mastery." }, "context": { "de": "Selbstbetrachtungen: Notizen, die Kaiser Mark Aurel für sich selbst schrieb, teils während seiner Feldzüge.", "en": "Meditations: notes Emperor Marcus Aurelius wrote for himself, partly during his military campaigns." } }, { "id": "III-1", "serie": "III", "nr": 1, "author": "John Gilmore", "who": { "de": "JOHN GILMORE", "en": "JOHN GILMORE" }, "src": { "de": "THE PRIVATE AND OPEN SOCIETY · 1991", "en": "THE PRIVATE AND OPEN SOCIETY · 1991" }, "quote": { "de": "Ich will eine Garantie – durch Physik und Mathematik, nicht durch Gesetze –, dass wir uns Dinge wie echte Privatsphäre bei unserer persönlichen Kommunikation selbst geben können.", "en": "I want a guarantee – with physics and mathematics, not with laws – that we can give ourselves things like real privacy of personal communications." }, "source": { "de": "„The Private and Open Society“, Rede auf der 1. Conference on Computers, Freedom, and Privacy, 28.03.1991 (Transkript)", "en": "“The Private and Open Society”, speech at the 1st Conference on Computers, Freedom, and Privacy, 28 March 1991 (transcript)" }, "link": "https://mirror.cyberbits.eu/textfiles.com/law/privsoc.law", "question": { "de": "Worauf verlässt du dich bei deiner Privatsphäre eher: auf Gesetze oder auf Technik?", "en": "For your privacy, do you rely more on laws or on technology?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "I want a guarantee - with physics and mathematics, not with laws - that we can give ourselves things like real privacy of personal communications." }, "bio": { "de": "Unternehmer, Bürgerrechtler und Mitbegründer der Cypherpunks-Mailingliste. Eine Schlüsselfigur jener Kultur, aus der Bitcoin hervorgehen konnte.", "en": "Entrepreneur, civil libertarian, and co-founder of the cypherpunks mailing list. A foundational figure in the culture that made Bitcoin possible." } }, { "id": "III-2", "serie": "III", "nr": 2, "author": "Philip Zimmermann", "who": { "de": "PHILIP ZIMMERMANN", "en": "PHILIP ZIMMERMANN" }, "src": { "de": "WHY I WROTE PGP · 1991", "en": "WHY I WROTE PGP · 1991" }, "quote": { "de": "Wenn Privatsphäre verboten wird, werden nur Gesetzlose Privatsphäre haben.", "en": "If privacy is outlawed, only outlaws will have privacy." }, "source": { "de": "„Why I Wrote PGP“, Juni 1991 (aktualisiert 1999)", "en": "“Why I Wrote PGP”, June 1991 (updated 1999)" }, "link": "https://www.philzimmermann.com/EN/essays/WhyIWrotePGP.html", "question": { "de": "Was würde dir fehlen, wenn Privatsphäre verboten wäre?", "en": "What would you miss if privacy were outlawed?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "If privacy is outlawed, only outlaws will have privacy." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Kryptograf und Erfinder von PGP, einem der wichtigsten Werkzeuge in der Geschichte der Public-Key-Verschlüsselung.", "en": "American cryptographer and creator of PGP, one of the most important tools in the history of public-key encryption." } }, { "id": "III-3", "serie": "III", "nr": 3, "author": "Eric Hughes", "who": { "de": "ERIC HUGHES", "en": "ERIC HUGHES" }, "src": { "de": "A CYPHERPUNK’S MANIFESTO · 09.03.1993", "en": "A CYPHERPUNK’S MANIFESTO · 09.03.1993" }, "quote": { "de": "Privatsphäre ist die Macht, selbst zu wählen, was man der Welt von sich zeigt.", "en": "Privacy is the power to selectively reveal oneself to the world." }, "source": { "de": "„A Cypherpunk’s Manifesto“, 09.03.1993", "en": "“A Cypherpunk’s Manifesto”, 9 March 1993" }, "link": "https://nakamotoinstitute.org/library/cypherpunk-manifesto/", "question": { "de": "Was zeigst du der Welt von dir, ohne es entschieden zu haben?", "en": "What do you show the world without having decided to?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Privacy is the power to selectively reveal oneself to the world." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Mathematiker und Cypherpunk. Autor von „A Cypherpunk’s Manifesto“, einem Grundlagentext, der Privatsphäre als unverzichtbar im digitalen Zeitalter verteidigt.", "en": "American mathematician and cypherpunk. Author of “A Cypherpunk’s Manifesto”, a foundational text arguing that privacy is essential in the digital age." }, "context": { "de": "A Cypherpunk’s Manifesto: Eric Hughes’ Text vom 9. März 1993 über Privatsphäre als Grundlage einer offenen Gesellschaft.", "en": "A Cypherpunk’s Manifesto: Eric Hughes’s text of 9 March 1993 on privacy as the basis of an open society." } }, { "id": "III-4", "serie": "III", "nr": 4, "author": "Philip Zimmermann", "who": { "de": "PHILIP ZIMMERMANN", "en": "PHILIP ZIMMERMANN" }, "src": { "de": "WHY I WROTE PGP · 1991", "en": "WHY I WROTE PGP · 1991" }, "quote": { "de": "Wenn du wirklich ein gesetzestreuer Bürger bist, der nichts zu verbergen hat – warum schickst du deine Briefe dann nicht immer als Postkarte?", "en": "If you really are a law-abiding citizen with nothing to hide, then why don’t you always send your paper mail on postcards?" }, "source": { "de": "„Why I Wrote PGP“, Juni 1991 (aktualisiert 1999), Abschnitt über Briefumschläge", "en": "“Why I Wrote PGP”, June 1991 (updated 1999), section on envelopes" }, "link": "https://www.philzimmermann.com/EN/essays/WhyIWrotePGP.html", "question": { "de": "Wie viel deiner Kommunikation ist eigentlich eine Postkarte?", "en": "How much of your communication is really a postcard?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "If you really are a law-abiding citizen with nothing to hide, then why don't you always send your paper mail on postcards?" }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Kryptograf und Erfinder von PGP, einem der wichtigsten Werkzeuge in der Geschichte der Public-Key-Verschlüsselung.", "en": "American cryptographer and creator of PGP, one of the most important tools in the history of public-key encryption." } }, { "id": "III-5", "serie": "III", "nr": 5, "author": "Eric Hughes", "who": { "de": "ERIC HUGHES", "en": "ERIC HUGHES" }, "src": { "de": "A CYPHERPUNK’S MANIFESTO · 09.03.1993", "en": "A CYPHERPUNK’S MANIFESTO · 09.03.1993" }, "quote": { "de": "Wir können nicht erwarten, dass Regierungen, Konzerne oder andere große, gesichtslose Organisationen uns aus Wohltätigkeit Privatsphäre gewähren.", "en": "We cannot expect governments, corporations, or other large, faceless organizations to grant us privacy out of their beneficence." }, "source": { "de": "„A Cypherpunk’s Manifesto“, 09.03.1993, 6. Absatz", "en": "“A Cypherpunk’s Manifesto”, 9 March 1993, 6th paragraph" }, "link": "https://www.activism.net/cypherpunk/manifesto.html", "question": { "de": "Was tust du selbst, um deine Privatsphäre zu schützen?", "en": "What do you do yourself to protect your privacy?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "We cannot expect governments, corporations, or other large, faceless organizations to grant us privacy out of their beneficence." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Mathematiker und Cypherpunk. Autor von „A Cypherpunk’s Manifesto“, einem Grundlagentext, der Privatsphäre als unverzichtbar im digitalen Zeitalter verteidigt.", "en": "American mathematician and cypherpunk. Author of “A Cypherpunk’s Manifesto”, a foundational text arguing that privacy is essential in the digital age." }, "context": { "de": "A Cypherpunk’s Manifesto: Eric Hughes’ Text vom 9. März 1993 über Privatsphäre als Grundlage einer offenen Gesellschaft.", "en": "A Cypherpunk’s Manifesto: Eric Hughes’s text of 9 March 1993 on privacy as the basis of an open society." } }, { "id": "III-6", "serie": "III", "nr": 6, "author": "Julian Assange", "who": { "de": "JULIAN ASSANGE", "en": "JULIAN ASSANGE" }, "src": { "de": "CYPHERPUNKS · 2012", "en": "CYPHERPUNKS · 2012" }, "quote": { "de": "Privatsphäre für die Schwachen, Transparenz für die Mächtigen.", "en": "Privacy for the weak, transparency for the powerful." }, "source": { "de": "Julian Assange u. a., „Cypherpunks: Freedom and the Future of the Internet“ (OR Books, 2012), Kapiteltitel", "en": "Julian Assange et al., “Cypherpunks: Freedom and the Future of the Internet” (OR Books, 2012), chapter title" }, "link": "https://www.orbooks.com/catalog/cypherpunks/", "question": { "de": "Wie viel Einblick hast du in die, die über dich entscheiden – verglichen mit ihrem Einblick in dich?", "en": "How much insight do you have into those who decide about you – compared to theirs into you?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Privacy for the weak, transparency for the powerful." }, "bio": { "de": "Journalist und Gründer von WikiLeaks. Wurde früh zu einem Symbol für den zensurresistenten Nutzen von Bitcoin, als traditionelle Zahlungsdienste die Spenden an WikiLeaks sperrten.", "en": "Journalist and founder of WikiLeaks. Became an early symbol of Bitcoin’s censorship-resistant use case when traditional payment rails turned hostile." } }, { "id": "III-7", "serie": "III", "nr": 7, "author": "Edward Snowden", "who": { "de": "EDWARD SNOWDEN", "en": "EDWARD SNOWDEN" }, "src": { "de": "REDDIT AMA R/IAMA · 21.05.2015", "en": "REDDIT AMA R/IAMA · 21.05.2015" }, "quote": { "de": "Zu sagen, dir sei das Recht auf Privatsphäre egal, weil du nichts zu verbergen hast, ist nichts anderes, als zu sagen, dir sei die Redefreiheit egal, weil du nichts zu sagen hast.", "en": "Arguing that you don’t care about the right to privacy because you have nothing to hide is no different than saying you don’t care about free speech because you have nothing to say." }, "source": { "de": "Reddit AMA r/IAmA (Snowden, Greenwald, Poitras), 21.05.2015", "en": "Reddit AMA r/IAmA (Snowden, Greenwald, Poitras), 21 May 2015" }, "link": "https://www.reddit.com/r/IAmA/comments/36ru89/just_days_left_to_kill_mass_surveillance_under/crglgh2", "question": { "de": "Wie wichtig ist dir ein Recht, das du selbst gerade nicht nutzt?", "en": "How much do you value a right you don’t currently use yourself?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Arguing that you don't care about the right to privacy because you have nothing to hide is no different than saying you don't care about free speech because you have nothing to say." }, "bio": { "de": "Whistleblower und Verfechter der Privatsphäre. Eine der bekanntesten öffentlichen Stimmen, die Bitcoin mit Bürgerrechten, Überwachungsresistenz und digitaler Freiheit verbinden.", "en": "Whistleblower and privacy advocate. One of the most prominent public voices linking Bitcoin to civil liberties, surveillance resistance, and digital freedom." } }, { "id": "III-8", "serie": "III", "nr": 8, "author": "Eric Hughes", "who": { "de": "ERIC HUGHES", "en": "ERIC HUGHES" }, "src": { "de": "A CYPHERPUNK’S MANIFESTO · 09.03.1993", "en": "A CYPHERPUNK’S MANIFESTO · 09.03.1993" }, "quote": { "de": "Cypherpunks schreiben Code. Wir wissen, dass jemand Software schreiben muss, um die Privatsphäre zu verteidigen, und weil wir Privatsphäre nur haben, wenn alle sie haben, werden wir diese Software schreiben.", "en": "Cypherpunks write code. We know that someone has to write software to defend privacy, and since we can’t get privacy unless we all do, we’re going to write it." }, "source": { "de": "„A Cypherpunk’s Manifesto“, 09.03.1993", "en": "“A Cypherpunk’s Manifesto”, 9 March 1993" }, "link": "https://nakamotoinstitute.org/library/cypherpunk-manifesto/", "question": { "de": "Wann hast du zuletzt selbst etwas gebaut, statt auf andere zu warten?", "en": "When did you last build something yourself instead of waiting for others?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Cypherpunks write code. We know that someone has to write software to defend privacy, and since we can't get privacy unless we all do, we're going to write it." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Mathematiker und Cypherpunk. Autor von „A Cypherpunk’s Manifesto“, einem Grundlagentext, der Privatsphäre als unverzichtbar im digitalen Zeitalter verteidigt.", "en": "American mathematician and cypherpunk. Author of “A Cypherpunk’s Manifesto”, a foundational text arguing that privacy is essential in the digital age." }, "context": { "de": "A Cypherpunk’s Manifesto: Eric Hughes’ Text vom 9. März 1993 über Privatsphäre als Grundlage einer offenen Gesellschaft.", "en": "A Cypherpunk’s Manifesto: Eric Hughes’s text of 9 March 1993 on privacy as the basis of an open society." } }, { "id": "III-9", "serie": "III", "nr": 9, "author": "John Gilmore", "who": { "de": "JOHN GILMORE", "en": "JOHN GILMORE" }, "src": { "de": "TIME · 06.12.1993", "en": "TIME · 06.12.1993" }, "quote": { "de": "Das Netz interpretiert Zensur als Schaden und umgeht sie.", "en": "The Net interprets censorship as damage and routes around it." }, "source": { "de": "TIME, 06.12.1993, Philip Elmer-DeWitt, „First Nation in Cyberspace“ (Gilmore zitiert); früher schon Howard Rheingold, „The Virtual Community“, September 1993; von Gilmore auf seiner Website bestätigt", "en": "TIME, 6 December 1993, Philip Elmer-DeWitt, “First Nation in Cyberspace” (quoting Gilmore); earlier in Howard Rheingold, “The Virtual Community”, September 1993; confirmed by Gilmore on his website" }, "link": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241229201448/http://www.toad.com/gnu/", "question": { "de": "Wie leicht findest du einen Weg, wenn dir einer versperrt wird?", "en": "How easily do you find a way when one is blocked?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "The Net interprets censorship as damage and routes around it." }, "bio": { "de": "Unternehmer, Bürgerrechtler und Mitbegründer der Cypherpunks-Mailingliste. Eine Schlüsselfigur jener Kultur, aus der Bitcoin hervorgehen konnte.", "en": "Entrepreneur, civil libertarian, and co-founder of the cypherpunks mailing list. A foundational figure in the culture that made Bitcoin possible." } }, { "id": "III-10", "serie": "III", "nr": 10, "author": "Nick Szabo", "who": { "de": "NICK SZABO", "en": "NICK SZABO" }, "src": { "de": "THE GOD PROTOCOLS · 1997", "en": "THE GOD PROTOCOLS · 1997" }, "quote": { "de": "Stell dir das ideale Protokoll vor. Es hätte den vertrauenswürdigsten Dritten, den man sich denken kann – eine Gottheit, die auf der Seite aller steht.", "en": "Imagine the ideal protocol. It would have the most trustworthy third party imaginable – a deity who is on everybody’s side." }, "source": { "de": "„The God Protocols“, 1997, erste zwei Sätze", "en": "“The God Protocols”, 1997, first two sentences" }, "link": "https://nakamotoinstitute.org/library/the-god-protocols/", "question": { "de": "Wem würdest du ohne Zögern ein Geheimnis anvertrauen?", "en": "Who would you trust with a secret without hesitating?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Imagine the ideal protocol. It would have the most trustworthy third party imaginable – a diety who is on everybody’s side." }, "bio": { "de": "Informatiker, Rechtsgelehrter und einer der wichtigsten intellektuellen Vorläufer von Bitcoin. Schuf Bit Gold und prägte den Begriff „Smart Contracts“.", "en": "Computer scientist, legal scholar, and one of the key intellectual precursors to Bitcoin. Created Bit Gold and coined the term “smart contracts”." } }, { "id": "III-11", "serie": "III", "nr": 11, "author": "Timothy C. May", "who": { "de": "TIMOTHY C. MAY", "en": "TIMOTHY C. MAY" }, "src": { "de": "CRYPTO ANARCHIST MANIFESTO · 1988", "en": "CRYPTO ANARCHIST MANIFESTO · 1988" }, "quote": { "de": "Der Staat wird natürlich versuchen, die Ausbreitung dieser Technik zu bremsen oder aufzuhalten – mit Verweis auf die nationale Sicherheit … Aber das wird die Ausbreitung der Krypto-Anarchie nicht aufhalten.", "en": "The State will of course try to slow or halt the spread of this technology, citing national security concerns … But this will not halt the spread of crypto anarchy." }, "source": { "de": "„The Crypto Anarchist Manifesto“ (1988), gepostet auf der Cypherpunks-Mailingliste, 22.11.1992 (gekürzt)", "en": "“The Crypto Anarchist Manifesto” (1988), posted to the Cypherpunks mailing list, 22 November 1992 (abridged)" }, "link": "https://www.activism.net/cypherpunk/crypto-anarchy.html", "question": { "de": "Was passiert mit einer Idee, wenn man sie zu verbieten versucht?", "en": "What happens to an idea when someone tries to ban it?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "The State will of course try to slow or halt the spread of this technology, citing national security concerns … But this will not halt the spread of crypto anarchy." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Physiker und Intel-Ingenieur (1951–2018). Mitbegründer der Cypherpunks-Mailingliste und Autor des „Crypto Anarchist Manifesto“.", "en": "American physicist and Intel engineer (1951–2018). Co-founder of the Cypherpunks mailing list and author of “The Crypto Anarchist Manifesto”." }, "context": { "de": "Crypto Anarchist Manifesto: Tim Mays Text von 1988, verteilt auf der Konferenz Crypto ’88 und 1992 auf der Cypherpunks-Liste veröffentlicht.", "en": "The Crypto Anarchist Manifesto: Tim May’s 1988 text, handed out at Crypto ’88 and posted to the Cypherpunks list in 1992." } }, { "id": "III-12", "serie": "III", "nr": 12, "author": "Nick Szabo", "who": { "de": "NICK SZABO", "en": "NICK SZABO" }, "src": { "de": "TRUSTED THIRD PARTIES … · 2001", "en": "TRUSTED THIRD PARTIES … · 2001" }, "quote": { "de": "Vertrauenswürdige Dritte sind Sicherheitslücken.", "en": "Trusted third parties are security holes." }, "source": { "de": "„Trusted Third Parties Are Security Holes“, 2001 (Essaytitel)", "en": "“Trusted Third Parties Are Security Holes”, 2001 (essay title)" }, "link": "https://nakamotoinstitute.org/library/trusted-third-parties/", "question": { "de": "Wie vielen Dritten vertraust du, ohne darüber nachzudenken?", "en": "How many third parties do you trust without thinking about it?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Trusted third parties are security holes." }, "bio": { "de": "Informatiker, Rechtsgelehrter und einer der wichtigsten intellektuellen Vorläufer von Bitcoin. Schuf Bit Gold und prägte den Begriff „Smart Contracts“.", "en": "Computer scientist, legal scholar, and one of the key intellectual precursors to Bitcoin. Created Bit Gold and coined the term “smart contracts”." } }, { "id": "III-13", "serie": "III", "nr": 13, "author": "David Chaum", "who": { "de": "DAVID CHAUM", "en": "DAVID CHAUM" }, "src": { "de": "INTERVIEW · 1996", "en": "INTERVIEW · 1996" }, "quote": { "de": "Der Unterschied zwischen einem schlechten elektronischen Geldsystem und gut entwickeltem digitalem Bargeld wird darüber entscheiden, ob wir eine Diktatur haben werden oder eine echte Demokratie.", "en": "The difference between a bad electronic cash system and well-developed digital cash will determine whether we will have a dictatorship or a real democracy." }, "source": { "de": "Interview 1996 im Kundenmagazin von Honeywell-Bull; zitiert nach „How DigiCash Blew Everything“, Next! (engl. Übers. von Robert Hettinga, cryptography@c2.net, 10.02.1999)", "en": "Interview 1996 in Honeywell-Bull’s customer magazine; quoted from “How DigiCash Blew Everything”, Next! (English translation by Robert Hettinga, cryptography@c2.net, 10 February 1999)" }, "link": "https://www.cwi.nl/en/stories/david-chaum-a-fighter-for-privacy-and-democracy/", "question": { "de": "Wie viel Mitsprache hast du bei den Regeln deines Geldes?", "en": "How much say do you have in the rules of your money?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "The difference between a bad electronic cash system and well-developed digital cash will determine whether we will have a dictatorship or a real democracy." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Kryptograf und Pionier des digitalen Geldes. Bekannt vor allem für eCash und für grundlegende Arbeiten auf dem Gebiet blinder Signaturen, die den Weg zu digitalem Geld lange vor Bitcoin ebneten.", "en": "American cryptographer and pioneer of digital cash. Best known for eCash and for foundational work on blind signatures, which shaped the path toward digital money long before Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "III-14", "serie": "III", "nr": 14, "author": "Nick Szabo", "who": { "de": "NICK SZABO", "en": "NICK SZABO" }, "src": { "de": "BIT GOLD · 2005", "en": "BIT GOLD · 2005" }, "quote": { "de": "Kurz gesagt: Jedes Geld, das die Menschheit je benutzt hat, war auf die eine oder andere Weise unsicher.", "en": "In summary, all money mankind has ever used has been insecure in one way or another." }, "source": { "de": "„Bit gold“, Blog Unenumerated, Dezember 2005", "en": "“Bit gold”, Unenumerated blog, December 2005" }, "link": "https://nakamotoinstitute.org/library/bit-gold/", "question": { "de": "Wie viele Währungen hat deine Familie erlebt, die es heute nicht mehr gibt?", "en": "How many currencies has your family lived through that no longer exist?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "In summary, all money mankind has ever used has been insecure in one way or another." }, "bio": { "de": "Informatiker, Rechtsgelehrter und einer der wichtigsten intellektuellen Vorläufer von Bitcoin. Schuf Bit Gold und prägte den Begriff „Smart Contracts“.", "en": "Computer scientist, legal scholar, and one of the key intellectual precursors to Bitcoin. Created Bit Gold and coined the term “smart contracts”." }, "context": { "de": "Bit Gold: Szabos Entwurf für digitales Geld aus Rechenarbeit, ein Vorläufer von Bitcoin.", "en": "Bit Gold: Szabo’s design for digital money made from computational work, a forerunner of Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "III-15", "serie": "III", "nr": 15, "author": "Hal Finney", "who": { "de": "HAL FINNEY", "en": "HAL FINNEY" }, "src": { "de": "TWITTER @HALFIN · 10.01.2009", "en": "TWITTER @HALFIN · 10.01.2009" }, "quote": { "de": "Running bitcoin", "en": "Running bitcoin" }, "source": { "de": "Twitter @halfin, 10.01.2009, 19:33 Uhr in Kalifornien (11.01.2009, 03:33 UTC)", "en": "Twitter @halfin, 10 January 2009, 7:33 pm in California (11 January 2009, 03:33 UTC)" }, "link": "https://x.com/halfin/status/1110302988", "question": { "de": "Startest du einfach, oder planst du ewig?", "en": "Do you just start, or plan forever?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Running bitcoin." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Kryptograf und Softwareentwickler (1956–2014). Pionier der Cypherpunk-Bewegung, einer der ersten PGP-Entwickler und erster bekannter Empfänger einer Bitcoin-Transaktion. Einer der frühesten und angesehensten Wegbereiter von Bitcoin.", "en": "American cryptographer and software developer (1956–2014). A pioneering cypherpunk, early PGP contributor, and the first known recipient of a Bitcoin transaction. One of Bitcoin’s earliest and most respected builders." }, "context": { "de": "Twitter, heute X: der Kurznachrichtendienst, auf dem Hal Finney im Januar 2009 „Running bitcoin“ schrieb.", "en": "Twitter, now X: the short-message service where Hal Finney posted “Running bitcoin” in January 2009." } }, { "id": "III-16", "serie": "III", "nr": 16, "author": "Dan Kaminsky", "who": { "de": "DAN KAMINSKY", "en": "DAN KAMINSKY" }, "src": { "de": "THE NEW YORKER · 10.10.2011", "en": "THE NEW YORKER · 10.10.2011" }, "quote": { "de": "Ich habe mir wunderschöne Bugs ausgedacht. Aber jedes Mal, wenn ich auf den Code losging, stand da schon eine Zeile, die das Problem abfing. … So etwas habe ich noch nie gesehen.", "en": "I came up with beautiful bugs. But every time I went after the code there was a line that addressed the problem. … I’ve never seen anything like it." }, "source": { "de": "Joshua Davis, „The Crypto-Currency“, The New Yorker, 10.10.2011 – Kaminsky im Gespräch mit dem Autor (gekürzt)", "en": "Joshua Davis, “The Crypto-Currency”, The New Yorker, 10 October 2011 – Kaminsky in conversation with the author (abridged)" }, "link": "https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2011/10/10/the-crypto-currency", "question": { "de": "Wie viel Respekt hast du vor Arbeit, die keiner sieht?", "en": "How much respect do you have for work no one sees?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "\"I came up with beautiful bugs,\" he said. \"But every time I went after the code there was a line that addressed the problem.\" … \"I've never seen anything like it,\" Kaminsky said" }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Sicherheitsforscher (1979–2021). Wurde 2008 bekannt, als er eine grundlegende Schwachstelle im DNS des Internets entdeckte und ihre Behebung koordinierte.", "en": "American security researcher (1979–2021). Became famous in 2008 for discovering a fundamental flaw in the internet’s DNS and coordinating its fix." } }, { "id": "III-17", "serie": "III", "nr": 17, "author": "Hal Finney", "who": { "de": "HAL FINNEY", "en": "HAL FINNEY" }, "src": { "de": "BITCOINTALK · 30.12.2010", "en": "BITCOINTALK · 30.12.2010" }, "quote": { "de": "Ich glaube, das wird das endgültige Schicksal von Bitcoin sein: das ‚High-Powered Money‘ zu werden, das als Reservewährung für Banken dient, die ihr eigenes digitales Bargeld ausgeben.", "en": "I believe this will be the ultimate fate of Bitcoin, to be the ‘high-powered money’ that serves as a reserve currency for banks that issue their own digital cash." }, "source": { "de": "BitcoinTalk, „Re: Bitcoin Bank“, 30.12.2010", "en": "BitcoinTalk, “Re: Bitcoin Bank”, 30 December 2010" }, "link": "https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=2500.msg34211#msg34211", "question": { "de": "Wie siehst du Bitcoin: als Zahlungsmittel oder als Reserve?", "en": "How do you see Bitcoin: as a means of payment or as a reserve?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "I believe this will be the ultimate fate of Bitcoin, to be the “high-powered money” that serves as a reserve currency for banks that issue their own digital cash." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Kryptograf und Softwareentwickler (1956–2014). Pionier der Cypherpunk-Bewegung, einer der ersten PGP-Entwickler und erster bekannter Empfänger einer Bitcoin-Transaktion. Einer der frühesten und angesehensten Wegbereiter von Bitcoin.", "en": "American cryptographer and software developer (1956–2014). A pioneering cypherpunk, early PGP contributor, and the first known recipient of a Bitcoin transaction. One of Bitcoin’s earliest and most respected builders." }, "context": { "de": "Bitcointalk: das Forum, das Satoshi im November 2009 eröffnet hat, um über Bitcoin zu sprechen.", "en": "Bitcointalk: the forum Satoshi opened in November 2009 to talk about Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "III-18", "serie": "III", "nr": 18, "author": "Ralph Merkle", "who": { "de": "RALPH MERKLE", "en": "RALPH MERKLE" }, "src": { "de": "DAOS, DEMOCRACY AND GOVERNANCE · 2016", "en": "DAOS, DEMOCRACY AND GOVERNANCE · 2016" }, "quote": { "de": "[Bitcoin] kann nicht verändert werden. Man kann nicht mit ihm streiten. Es kann nicht manipuliert werden. Es kann nicht korrumpiert werden. Es kann nicht gestoppt werden. Es kann nicht einmal unterbrochen werden.", "en": "[Bitcoin] can’t be changed. It can’t be argued with. It can’t be tampered with. It can’t be corrupted. It can’t be stopped. It can’t even be interrupted." }, "source": { "de": "„DAOs, Democracy and Governance“, Cryonics 37(4), Juli/August 2016, S. 28–40", "en": "“DAOs, Democracy and Governance”, Cryonics 37(4), July/August 2016, pp. 28–40" }, "link": "https://ralphmerkle.com/papers/DAOdemocracyDraft.pdf", "question": { "de": "Wie viel Halt gibt dir etwas, mit dem man nicht verhandeln kann?", "en": "How much stability do you find in something that can’t be argued with?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "It can’t be changed. It can’t be argued with. It can’t be tampered with. It can’t be corrupted. It can’t be stopped. It can’t even be interrupted." }, "bio": { "de": "Informatiker, vor allem bekannt für die Merkle-Bäume, einen grundlegenden Baustein von Bitcoin und moderner Kryptografie.", "en": "Computer scientist best known for Merkle trees, a foundational building block of Bitcoin and modern cryptography." } }, { "id": "III-19", "serie": "III", "nr": 19, "author": "Julian Assange", "who": { "de": "JULIAN ASSANGE", "en": "JULIAN ASSANGE" }, "src": { "de": "CYPHERPUNKS · 2012", "en": "CYPHERPUNKS · 2012" }, "quote": { "de": "Kryptografie ist die äußerste Form gewaltfreier direkter Aktion.", "en": "Cryptography is the ultimate form of non-violent direct action." }, "source": { "de": "Julian Assange u. a., „Cypherpunks: Freedom and the Future of the Internet“ (OR Books, November 2012), Einleitung „A Call to Cryptographic Arms“", "en": "Julian Assange et al., “Cypherpunks: Freedom and the Future of the Internet” (OR Books, November 2012), introduction “A Call to Cryptographic Arms”" }, "link": "https://www.orbooks.com/catalog/cypherpunks/", "question": { "de": "Wie oft wehrst du dich still, indem du einfach nicht mitmachst?", "en": "How often do you resist quietly, simply by not taking part?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Cryptography is the ultimate form of non-violent direct action." }, "bio": { "de": "Journalist und Gründer von WikiLeaks. Wurde früh zu einem Symbol für den zensurresistenten Nutzen von Bitcoin, als traditionelle Zahlungsdienste die Spenden an WikiLeaks sperrten.", "en": "Journalist and founder of WikiLeaks. Became an early symbol of Bitcoin’s censorship-resistant use case when traditional payment rails turned hostile." } }, { "id": "III-20", "serie": "III", "nr": 20, "author": "Hal Finney", "who": { "de": "HAL FINNEY", "en": "HAL FINNEY" }, "src": { "de": "BITCOINTALK · 19.03.2013", "en": "BITCOINTALK · 19.03.2013" }, "quote": { "de": "Mir ist aufgefallen, dass kryptografische Graubärte – ich war Mitte fünfzig – zum Zynismus neigen. Ich war idealistischer; ich habe Kryptografie immer geliebt, das Geheimnis und das Paradox darin.", "en": "I’ve noticed that cryptographic graybeards (I was in my mid 50’s) tend to get cynical. I was more idealistic; I have always loved crypto, the mystery and the paradox of it." }, "source": { "de": "„Bitcoin and me (Hal Finney)“, BitcoinTalk, 19.03.2013", "en": "“Bitcoin and me (Hal Finney)”, BitcoinTalk, 19 March 2013" }, "link": "https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=155054.0", "question": { "de": "Was treibt dich bei deinen Interessen mehr an: Nutzen oder Faszination?", "en": "What drives you more in your interests: usefulness or fascination?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "I've noticed that cryptographic graybeards (I was in my mid 50's) tend to get cynical. I was more idealistic; I have always loved crypto, the mystery and the paradox of it." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Kryptograf und Softwareentwickler (1956–2014). Pionier der Cypherpunk-Bewegung, einer der ersten PGP-Entwickler und erster bekannter Empfänger einer Bitcoin-Transaktion. Einer der frühesten und angesehensten Wegbereiter von Bitcoin.", "en": "American cryptographer and software developer (1956–2014). A pioneering cypherpunk, early PGP contributor, and the first known recipient of a Bitcoin transaction. One of Bitcoin’s earliest and most respected builders." }, "context": { "de": "Bitcointalk: das Forum, das Satoshi im November 2009 eröffnet hat, um über Bitcoin zu sprechen.", "en": "Bitcointalk: the forum Satoshi opened in November 2009 to talk about Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "III-21", "serie": "III", "nr": 21, "author": "Ralph Merkle", "who": { "de": "RALPH MERKLE", "en": "RALPH MERKLE" }, "src": { "de": "DAOS, DEMOCRACY AND GOVERNANCE · 2016", "en": "DAOS, DEMOCRACY AND GOVERNANCE · 2016" }, "quote": { "de": "Bitcoin ist das erste Beispiel einer neuen Lebensform.", "en": "Bitcoin is the first example of a new form of life." }, "source": { "de": "„DAOs, Democracy and Governance“, Cryonics 37(4), Juli/August 2016", "en": "“DAOs, Democracy and Governance”, Cryonics 37(4), July/August 2016" }, "link": "https://ralphmerkle.com/papers/DAOdemocracyDraft.pdf", "question": { "de": "Wie lebendig ist Bitcoin für dich?", "en": "How alive is Bitcoin to you?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Bitcoin is the first example of a new form of life." }, "bio": { "de": "Informatiker, vor allem bekannt für die Merkle-Bäume, einen grundlegenden Baustein von Bitcoin und moderner Kryptografie.", "en": "Computer scientist best known for Merkle trees, a foundational building block of Bitcoin and modern cryptography." } }, { "id": "IV-1", "serie": "IV", "nr": 1, "author": "Carl Menger", "who": { "de": "CARL MENGER", "en": "CARL MENGER" }, "src": { "de": "VOLKSWIRTHSCHAFTSLEHRE · 1871", "en": "PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS · 1871" }, "quote": { "de": "Der Wert ist demnach nichts den Gütern Anhaftendes, keine Eigenschaft derselben …", "en": "Value, then, is nothing that clings to goods, not a quality of their own …" }, "source": { "de": "„Grundsätze der Volkswirthschaftslehre“ (Wien 1871), Kap. III „Die Lehre vom Werthe“, § 1, S. 86 · engl. eigene Übertragung", "en": "“Grundsätze der Volkswirthschaftslehre” (Principles of Economics, Vienna 1871), ch. III “Die Lehre vom Werthe”, § 1, p. 86 · own English rendering" }, "link": "https://www.deutschestextarchiv.de/book/view/menger_volkswirtschaftslehre_1871?p=104", "question": { "de": "Was ist für dich wertvoll, für andere aber nicht?", "en": "What is valuable to you but not to others?" }, "bio": { "de": "Österreichischer Ökonom (1840–1921). Begründer der Österreichischen Schule und Pionier der Grenznutzentheorie. Seine Theorie zur Entstehung des Geldes wird in der Bitcoin-Debatte bis heute oft herangezogen.", "en": "Austrian economist (1840–1921). Founder of the Austrian School and pioneer of marginal utility theory. His theory of the origins of money is still widely cited in discussions of Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "IV-2", "serie": "IV", "nr": 2, "author": "Ludwig von Mises", "who": { "de": "LUDWIG VON MISES", "en": "LUDWIG VON MISES" }, "src": { "de": "NATIONALÖKONOMIE · 1940", "en": "NATIONALÖKONOMIE · 1940" }, "quote": { "de": "Antrieb des Handelns ist das Unbefriedigtsein. Ein zufriedenes Wesen würde nicht handeln; es würde nur einfach dahinleben.", "en": "The spur to action is dissatisfaction. A contented being would not act; it would simply live on." }, "source": { "de": "„Nationalökonomie. Theorie des Handelns und Wirtschaftens“ (Genf 1940), Teil 1, Kap. 1 „Der handelnde Mensch“, Abschn. V, S. 30", "en": "“Nationalökonomie. Theorie des Handelns und Wirtschaftens” (Geneva 1940), part 1, ch. 1 “Der handelnde Mensch”, sec. V, p. 30" }, "link": "https://archive.org/details/NationalokonomieTheorieDesHandelnsUndWirtschaftens", "question": { "de": "Was hat dich zuletzt mehr angetrieben: Unmut oder Neugier?", "en": "What drove you more lately: discontent or curiosity?" }, "bio": { "de": "Österreichisch-amerikanischer Ökonom (1881–1973) und führende Figur der Österreichischen Schule. Seine Arbeiten zu Geld, Kredit und Wirtschaftsrechnung prägten die philosophischen Grundlagen, die später stark mit Bitcoin verbunden wurden.", "en": "Austrian-American economist (1881–1973) and leading figure of the Austrian School. His work on money, credit, and economic calculation deeply shaped the philosophical foundations later associated with Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "IV-3", "serie": "IV", "nr": 3, "author": "Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk", "who": { "de": "EUGEN VON BÖHM-BAWERK", "en": "EUGEN VON BÖHM-BAWERK" }, "src": { "de": "POSITIVE THEORIE DES KAPITALES · 1889", "en": "POSITIVE THEORY OF CAPITAL · 1889" }, "quote": { "de": "Gegenwärtige Güter sind in der Regel mehr wert als künftige Güter gleicher Art und Zahl.", "en": "Present goods are, as a rule, worth more than future goods of like kind and number." }, "source": { "de": "„Positive Theorie des Kapitales“ (Innsbruck 1889), Buch V, Kap. I", "en": "“Positive Theorie des Kapitales” (Positive Theory of Capital, Innsbruck 1889), book V, ch. I" }, "link": "https://www.econlib.org/library/BohmBawerk/bbPTC30.html", "question": { "de": "Wie viel mehr müsste man dir später geben, damit du heute verzichtest?", "en": "How much more would you need later to give something up today?" }, "bio": { "de": "Österreichischer Ökonom (1851–1914). Schlüsselfigur der Österreichischen Schule. Seine Kapital- und Zeitpräferenztheorie legte Grundlagen, auf denen Bitcoiner heute aufbauen.", "en": "Austrian economist (1851–1914). Key figure of the Austrian School. His theory of capital and time preference laid groundwork that Bitcoiners build on today." } }, { "id": "IV-4", "serie": "IV", "nr": 4, "author": "Ludwig von Mises", "who": { "de": "LUDWIG VON MISES", "en": "LUDWIG VON MISES" }, "src": { "de": "THE ANTI-CAPITALISTIC MENTALITY · 1956", "en": "THE ANTI-CAPITALISTIC MENTALITY · 1956" }, "quote": { "de": "Jeder Schritt auf dem Weg zum Wohlstand ist eine Folge des Sparens.", "en": "Every step forward on the way toward prosperity is the effect of saving." }, "source": { "de": "„The Anti-Capitalistic Mentality“, 1956, Kap. II „The Ordinary Man’s Social Philosophy“, Abschn. 1", "en": "“The Anti-Capitalistic Mentality”, 1956, ch. II “The Ordinary Man’s Social Philosophy”, sec. 1" }, "link": "https://mises.org/online-book/anti-capitalistic-mentality/ii-ordinary-mans-social-philosophy", "question": { "de": "Wie oft verzichtest du heute für ein besseres Morgen?", "en": "How often do you give something up today for a better tomorrow?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Every step forward on the way toward prosperity is the effect of saving." }, "bio": { "de": "Österreichisch-amerikanischer Ökonom (1881–1973) und führende Figur der Österreichischen Schule. Seine Arbeiten zu Geld, Kredit und Wirtschaftsrechnung prägten die philosophischen Grundlagen, die später stark mit Bitcoin verbunden wurden.", "en": "Austrian-American economist (1881–1973) and leading figure of the Austrian School. His work on money, credit, and economic calculation deeply shaped the philosophical foundations later associated with Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "IV-5", "serie": "IV", "nr": 5, "author": "Jeff Booth", "who": { "de": "JEFF BOOTH", "en": "JEFF BOOTH" }, "src": { "de": "CRYPTOSLATE · 26.10.2025", "en": "CRYPTOSLATE · 26.10.2025" }, "quote": { "de": "Nicht mein Haus ist im Wert gestiegen, sondern die Währung, in der man es misst, ist gefallen.", "en": "It’s not that my house went up in value; it’s that the currency it’s priced in went down." }, "source": { "de": "Interview mit Christina Comben, CryptoSlate, 26.10.2025", "en": "Interview with Christina Comben, CryptoSlate, 26 October 2025" }, "link": "https://cryptoslate.com/jeff-booth-wants-you-to-move-more-of-your-time-into-bitcoin/", "question": { "de": "Wenn etwas teurer wird: Wie oft denkst du ans Geld statt an die Sache?", "en": "When something gets pricier, how often do you think of the money, not the thing?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "It's not that my house went up in value; it's that the currency it's priced in went down." }, "bio": { "de": "Kanadischer Unternehmer und Autor von „The Price of Tomorrow“ (2020). Argumentiert, dass Technologie die Preise senkt und eine Geldordnung, die dagegen ankämpft, an ihre Grenzen stößt.", "en": "Canadian entrepreneur and author of “The Price of Tomorrow” (2020). Argues that technology pushes prices down and that a monetary system fighting this trend is reaching its limits." } }, { "id": "IV-6", "serie": "IV", "nr": 6, "author": "Ludwig von Mises", "who": { "de": "LUDWIG VON MISES", "en": "LUDWIG VON MISES" }, "src": { "de": "ECONOMIC POLICY · 1959", "en": "ECONOMIC POLICY · 1959" }, "quote": { "de": "Das Geld schmolz den Leuten in den Taschen wie Schokolade in einem heißen Ofen.", "en": "Money, like chocolate in a hot oven, was melting in the pockets of the people." }, "source": { "de": "„Economic Policy: Thoughts for Today and Tomorrow“, 4. Vorlesung „Inflation“ (Buenos Aires 1959), über die deutsche Hyperinflation 1923", "en": "“Economic Policy: Thoughts for Today and Tomorrow”, 4th lecture “Inflation” (Buenos Aires 1959), on the German hyperinflation of 1923" }, "link": "https://mises.org/online-book/economic-policy-thoughts-today-and-tomorrow/4th-lecture-inflation", "question": { "de": "Wie gut kannst du dir vorstellen, wie sich 1923 angefühlt hat?", "en": "How well can you imagine what 1923 felt like?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Money, like chocolate in a hot oven, was melting in the pockets of the people." }, "bio": { "de": "Österreichisch-amerikanischer Ökonom (1881–1973) und führende Figur der Österreichischen Schule. Seine Arbeiten zu Geld, Kredit und Wirtschaftsrechnung prägten die philosophischen Grundlagen, die später stark mit Bitcoin verbunden wurden.", "en": "Austrian-American economist (1881–1973) and leading figure of the Austrian School. His work on money, credit, and economic calculation deeply shaped the philosophical foundations later associated with Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "IV-7", "serie": "IV", "nr": 7, "author": "Carl Menger", "who": { "de": "CARL MENGER", "en": "CARL MENGER" }, "src": { "de": "VOLKSWIRTHSCHAFTSLEHRE · 1871", "en": "PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS · 1871" }, "quote": { "de": "Das Geld ist keine staatliche Erfindung; nicht das Produkt eines legislativen Aktes …", "en": "Money is not an invention of the state. It is not the product of a legislative act …" }, "source": { "de": "„Grundsätze der Volkswirthschaftslehre“ (Wien 1871), Kap. VIII „Die Lehre vom Gelde“, § 1, Fußnote, S. 259", "en": "“Grundsätze der Volkswirthschaftslehre” (Principles of Economics, Vienna 1871), ch. VIII “Die Lehre vom Gelde”, § 1, footnote, p. 259" }, "link": "https://archive.org/details/grundstzedervol01menggoog", "question": { "de": "Wie sehr hast du selbst gewählt, womit du bezahlst?", "en": "How much did you choose for yourself what you pay with?" }, "bio": { "de": "Österreichischer Ökonom (1840–1921). Begründer der Österreichischen Schule und Pionier der Grenznutzentheorie. Seine Theorie zur Entstehung des Geldes wird in der Bitcoin-Debatte bis heute oft herangezogen.", "en": "Austrian economist (1840–1921). Founder of the Austrian School and pioneer of marginal utility theory. His theory of the origins of money is still widely cited in discussions of Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "IV-8", "serie": "IV", "nr": 8, "author": "Ludwig von Mises", "who": { "de": "LUDWIG VON MISES", "en": "LUDWIG VON MISES" }, "src": { "de": "THE THEORY OF MONEY AND CREDIT · 1953", "en": "THE THEORY OF MONEY AND CREDIT · 1953" }, "quote": { "de": "Der Goldstandard ist nicht zusammengebrochen. Die Regierungen haben ihn abgeschafft, um der Inflation den Weg zu ebnen.", "en": "The gold standard did not collapse. Governments abolished it in order to pave the way for inflation." }, "source": { "de": "„The Theory of Money and Credit“, Ausgabe 1953, Teil IV „Monetary Reconstruction“", "en": "“The Theory of Money and Credit”, 1953 edition, part IV “Monetary Reconstruction”" }, "link": "https://mises.org/online-book/theory-money-and-credit/chapter-21-principle-sound-money/2-virtues-and-alleged-shortcomings-gold-standard", "question": { "de": "Wie leicht gibst du eine Regel auf, die dich selbst begrenzt?", "en": "How easily do you drop a rule that limits you?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "The gold standard did not collapse. Governments abolished it in order to pave the way for inflation." }, "bio": { "de": "Österreichisch-amerikanischer Ökonom (1881–1973) und führende Figur der Österreichischen Schule. Seine Arbeiten zu Geld, Kredit und Wirtschaftsrechnung prägten die philosophischen Grundlagen, die später stark mit Bitcoin verbunden wurden.", "en": "Austrian-American economist (1881–1973) and leading figure of the Austrian School. His work on money, credit, and economic calculation deeply shaped the philosophical foundations later associated with Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "IV-9", "serie": "IV", "nr": 9, "author": "Friedrich A. Hayek", "who": { "de": "FRIEDRICH A. HAYEK", "en": "FRIEDRICH A. HAYEK" }, "src": { "de": "DENATIONALISATION OF MONEY · 1976", "en": "DENATIONALISATION OF MONEY · 1976" }, "quote": { "de": "Ich halte es nicht für übertrieben, zu sagen, dass die Geschichte weitgehend eine Geschichte der Inflation ist, und zwar meist von Inflationen, die Regierungen herbeigeführt haben, zum Vorteil von Regierungen …", "en": "I do not think it an exaggeration to say that history is largely a history of inflation, and usually of inflations engineered by governments and for the gain of governments …" }, "source": { "de": "„Denationalisation of Money“, IEA 1976 (3. Aufl. 1990), Kap. IV „The Persistent Abuse of the Government Prerogative“, S. 34", "en": "“Denationalisation of Money”, IEA 1976 (3rd ed. 1990), ch. IV “The Persistent Abuse of the Government Prerogative”, p. 34" }, "link": "https://mises.org/online-book/denationalisation-money-argument-refined/iv-persistent-abuse-government-prerogative", "question": { "de": "Weißt du, wer gewinnt, wenn dein Geld weniger wert wird?", "en": "Do you know who wins when your money loses value?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "I do not think it an exaggeration to say that history is largely a history of inflation, and usually of inflations engineered by governments and for the gain of governments" }, "bio": { "de": "Österreichisch-britischer Ökonom und Philosoph (1899–1992), Wirtschaftsnobelpreis 1974, dessen Arbeit über Wettbewerb im Geldwesen und die Begrenzung staatlicher Kontrolle ihn zu einem der klarsten intellektuellen Vorläufer von Bitcoin macht.", "en": "Austrian-British economist and philosopher (1899–1992), Nobel laureate in economics 1974, whose work on competition in money and limits on state control made him one of Bitcoin’s clearest intellectual forerunners." } }, { "id": "IV-10", "serie": "IV", "nr": 10, "author": "Murray N. Rothbard", "who": { "de": "MURRAY N. ROTHBARD", "en": "MURRAY N. ROTHBARD" }, "src": { "de": "WHAT HAS GOVERNMENT DONE … · 1963", "en": "WHAT HAS GOVERNMENT DONE … · 1963" }, "quote": { "de": "Inflation bringt der Gesellschaft also keinen allgemeinen Nutzen. Sie verteilt den Wohlstand um, zugunsten derer, die zuerst kommen, und auf Kosten der Nachzügler im Rennen.", "en": "Inflation, then, confers no general social benefit; instead, it redistributes the wealth in favor of the first-comers and at the expense of the laggards in the race." }, "source": { "de": "„What Has Government Done to Our Money?“, 1963, Teil III, Abschn. 2 „The Economic Effects of Inflation“ (Mises-Ausgabe 2010, S. 52)", "en": "“What Has Government Done to Our Money?”, 1963, part III, sec. 2 “The Economic Effects of Inflation” (Mises Institute edition 2010, p. 52)" }, "link": "https://mises.org/online-book/what-has-government-done-our-money/iii-government-meddling-money/2-economic-effects-inflation", "question": { "de": "Stehst du beim neuen Geld vorne oder hinten in der Schlange?", "en": "Are you at the front or the back of the line for new money?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Inflation confers no general social benefit; instead, it redistributes the wealth in favor of the first-comers and at the expense of the laggards in the race." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Ökonom und politischer Theoretiker (1926–1995), dessen Schriften über gesundes Geld, Freiheit und Staatsmacht die Bitcoin-Debatte stark geprägt haben.", "en": "American economist and political theorist (1926–1995) whose writing on sound money, liberty, and state power strongly influenced Bitcoin thought." } }, { "id": "IV-11", "serie": "IV", "nr": 11, "author": "Friedrich A. Hayek", "who": { "de": "FRIEDRICH A. HAYEK", "en": "FRIEDRICH A. HAYEK" }, "src": { "de": "CHOICE IN CURRENCY · 1976", "en": "CHOICE IN CURRENCY · 1976" }, "quote": { "de": "Mit der einzigen Ausnahme der 200 Jahre Goldstandard haben praktisch alle Regierungen der Geschichte ihre ausschließliche Macht, Geld auszugeben, dazu benutzt, das Volk zu betrügen und auszuplündern.", "en": "With the exception only of the 200-year period of the gold standard, practically all governments of history have used their exclusive power to issue money in order to defraud and plunder the people." }, "source": { "de": "„Choice in Currency: A Way to Stop Inflation“, IEA Occasional Paper 48 (London 1976), Abschnitt „Protecting money from politics“, S. 16", "en": "“Choice in Currency: A Way to Stop Inflation”, IEA Occasional Paper 48 (London 1976), section “Protecting money from politics”, p. 16" }, "link": "https://archive.org/details/choiceincurrency", "question": { "de": "Wie viel Vertrauen hast du, dass mit Geld ehrlich umgegangen wird?", "en": "How much do you trust that money is handled honestly?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "With the exception only of the 200-year period of the gold standard, practically all governments of history have used their exclusive power to issue money in order to defraud and plunder the people." }, "bio": { "de": "Österreichisch-britischer Ökonom und Philosoph (1899–1992), Wirtschaftsnobelpreis 1974, dessen Arbeit über Wettbewerb im Geldwesen und die Begrenzung staatlicher Kontrolle ihn zu einem der klarsten intellektuellen Vorläufer von Bitcoin macht.", "en": "Austrian-British economist and philosopher (1899–1992), Nobel laureate in economics 1974, whose work on competition in money and limits on state control made him one of Bitcoin’s clearest intellectual forerunners." }, "context": { "de": "Choice in Currency: Hayeks Vortrag vom 25.9.1975 in Lausanne, 1976 vom Institute of Economic Affairs gedruckt.", "en": "Choice in Currency: Hayek’s address of 25 September 1975 in Lausanne, printed in 1976 by the Institute of Economic Affairs." } }, { "id": "IV-12", "serie": "IV", "nr": 12, "author": "Ludwig von Mises", "who": { "de": "LUDWIG VON MISES", "en": "LUDWIG VON MISES" }, "src": { "de": "ERINNERUNGEN · 1940", "en": "MEMOIRS · 1940" }, "quote": { "de": "Weiche dem Unheil nicht, sondern geh ihm umso kühner entgegen. … Ich wollte nicht müde werden zu sagen, was ich als wahr erkannt hatte.", "en": "Do not give in to evil, but proceed ever more boldly against it. … I would not tire in saying what I knew to be true." }, "source": { "de": "Wahlspruch nach Vergil, Aeneis VI 95; „Memoirs“ (Mises Institute 2009, übers. von Arlene Oost-Zinner aus dem dt. Manuskript „Erinnerungen“, 1940), S. 55–56", "en": "Motto after Virgil, Aeneid VI 95; “Memoirs” (Mises Institute 2009, translated by Arlene Oost-Zinner from the German manuscript “Erinnerungen”, 1940), pp. 55–56" }, "link": "https://archive.org/details/Memoirs_201603", "question": { "de": "Wenn es unangenehm wird: weichst du aus oder gehst du drauf zu?", "en": "When things get uncomfortable, do you dodge or face them?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Tu ne cede malis sed contra audentior ito. … I would not tire in saying what I knew to be true." }, "bio": { "de": "Österreichisch-amerikanischer Ökonom (1881–1973) und führende Figur der Österreichischen Schule. Seine Arbeiten zu Geld, Kredit und Wirtschaftsrechnung prägten die philosophischen Grundlagen, die später stark mit Bitcoin verbunden wurden.", "en": "Austrian-American economist (1881–1973) and leading figure of the Austrian School. His work on money, credit, and economic calculation deeply shaped the philosophical foundations later associated with Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "IV-13", "serie": "IV", "nr": 13, "author": "Friedrich A. Hayek", "who": { "de": "FRIEDRICH A. HAYEK", "en": "FRIEDRICH A. HAYEK" }, "src": { "de": "CHOICE IN CURRENCY · 1976", "en": "CHOICE IN CURRENCY · 1976" }, "quote": { "de": "Die Politiker, denen man die Schuld geben wird, werden nicht die sein, die die Inflation geschaffen haben, sondern die, die sie beendet haben.", "en": "The politicians who will be blamed for it will not be those who created the inflation but those who stopped it." }, "source": { "de": "„Choice in Currency“, IEA Occasional Paper 48 (London 1976), Abschnitt „Protecting money from politics“, S. 16", "en": "“Choice in Currency”, IEA Occasional Paper 48 (London 1976), section “Protecting money from politics”, p. 16" }, "link": "https://archive.org/details/choiceincurrency", "question": { "de": "Wie oft erkennst du die Folgen einer Entscheidung erst Jahre später?", "en": "How often do you see the effects of a decision only years later?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "The politicians who will be blamed for it will not be those who created the inflation but those who stopped it." }, "bio": { "de": "Österreichisch-britischer Ökonom und Philosoph (1899–1992), Wirtschaftsnobelpreis 1974, dessen Arbeit über Wettbewerb im Geldwesen und die Begrenzung staatlicher Kontrolle ihn zu einem der klarsten intellektuellen Vorläufer von Bitcoin macht.", "en": "Austrian-British economist and philosopher (1899–1992), Nobel laureate in economics 1974, whose work on competition in money and limits on state control made him one of Bitcoin’s clearest intellectual forerunners." }, "context": { "de": "Choice in Currency: Hayeks Vortrag vom 25.9.1975 in Lausanne, 1976 vom Institute of Economic Affairs gedruckt.", "en": "Choice in Currency: Hayek’s address of 25 September 1975 in Lausanne, printed in 1976 by the Institute of Economic Affairs." } }, { "id": "IV-14", "serie": "IV", "nr": 14, "author": "Ludwig von Mises", "who": { "de": "LUDWIG VON MISES", "en": "LUDWIG VON MISES" }, "src": { "de": "HUMAN ACTION · 1949", "en": "HUMAN ACTION · 1949" }, "quote": { "de": "Es gibt kein Mittel, den endgültigen Zusammenbruch eines durch Kreditexpansion herbeigeführten Booms zu vermeiden. Die Wahl besteht nur darin, ob die Krise früher kommt … oder später als endgültige und völlige Katastrophe …", "en": "There is no means of avoiding the final collapse of a boom brought about by credit expansion. The alternative is only whether the crisis should come sooner … or later as a final and total catastrophe …" }, "source": { "de": "„Human Action“, 1949, Kap. XX, Abschn. 8 „The Monetary or Circulation Credit Theory of the Trade Cycle“ (gekürzt)", "en": "“Human Action”, 1949, ch. XX, sec. 8 “The Monetary or Circulation Credit Theory of the Trade Cycle” (abridged)" }, "link": "https://mises.org/online-book/human-action/chapter-xx-interest-credit-expansion-and-trade-cycle/8-monetary-or-circulation-credit-theory-trade-cycle", "question": { "de": "Lieber die kleine Krise jetzt oder die große später?", "en": "Rather the small crisis now or the big one later?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "There is no means of avoiding the final collapse of a boom brought about by credit expansion. The alternative is only whether the crisis should come sooner … or later as a final and total catastrophe …" }, "bio": { "de": "Österreichisch-amerikanischer Ökonom (1881–1973) und führende Figur der Österreichischen Schule. Seine Arbeiten zu Geld, Kredit und Wirtschaftsrechnung prägten die philosophischen Grundlagen, die später stark mit Bitcoin verbunden wurden.", "en": "Austrian-American economist (1881–1973) and leading figure of the Austrian School. His work on money, credit, and economic calculation deeply shaped the philosophical foundations later associated with Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "IV-15", "serie": "IV", "nr": 15, "author": "Friedrich A. Hayek", "who": { "de": "FRIEDRICH A. HAYEK", "en": "FRIEDRICH A. HAYEK" }, "src": { "de": "CHOICE IN CURRENCY · 1976", "en": "CHOICE IN CURRENCY · 1976" }, "quote": { "de": "… Geld ist gewiss ein zu gefährliches Instrument, um es dem zufälligen Gutdünken von Politikern zu überlassen – oder, wie es scheint, von Ökonomen.", "en": "… money is certainly too dangerous an instrument to leave to the fortuitous expediency of politicians – or, it seems, economists." }, "source": { "de": "„Choice in Currency“, IEA Occasional Paper 48 (London 1976), Abschnitt „Protecting money from politics“, S. 16", "en": "“Choice in Currency”, IEA Occasional Paper 48 (London 1976), section “Protecting money from politics”, p. 16" }, "link": "https://archive.org/details/choiceincurrency", "question": { "de": "Wie viel Macht über Geld sollte bei Politikern liegen?", "en": "How much power over money should politicians have?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "… money is certainly too dangerous an instrument to leave to the fortuitous expediency of politicians - or, it seems, economists." }, "bio": { "de": "Österreichisch-britischer Ökonom und Philosoph (1899–1992), Wirtschaftsnobelpreis 1974, dessen Arbeit über Wettbewerb im Geldwesen und die Begrenzung staatlicher Kontrolle ihn zu einem der klarsten intellektuellen Vorläufer von Bitcoin macht.", "en": "Austrian-British economist and philosopher (1899–1992), Nobel laureate in economics 1974, whose work on competition in money and limits on state control made him one of Bitcoin’s clearest intellectual forerunners." }, "context": { "de": "Choice in Currency: Hayeks Vortrag vom 25.9.1975 in Lausanne, 1976 vom Institute of Economic Affairs gedruckt.", "en": "Choice in Currency: Hayek’s address of 25 September 1975 in Lausanne, printed in 1976 by the Institute of Economic Affairs." } }, { "id": "IV-16", "serie": "IV", "nr": 16, "author": "Ludwig von Mises", "who": { "de": "LUDWIG VON MISES", "en": "LUDWIG VON MISES" }, "src": { "de": "NATIONALÖKONOMIE · 1940", "en": "NATIONALÖKONOMIE · 1940" }, "quote": { "de": "Gewiss, die Goldwährung ist nicht wertstabil. … In einer sich verändernden Welt, das heißt in einer lebenden Welt, kann es keine Festigkeit der Kaufkraft und keine Wertstabilität geben.", "en": "Certainly, the gold standard is not stable in value. … In a changing world, that is, in a living world, there can be no fixity of purchasing power and no stability of value." }, "source": { "de": "„Nationalökonomie. Theorie des Handelns und Wirtschaftens“ (Genf 1940), Teil 4, Kap. 4 „Der indirekte Tausch“, Abschn. XIX „Die Goldwährung“, S. 430 f. (gekürzt)", "en": "“Nationalökonomie. Theorie des Handelns und Wirtschaftens” (Geneva 1940), part 4, ch. 4 “Der indirekte Tausch”, sec. XIX “Die Goldwährung”, p. 430 f. (abridged)" }, "link": "https://archive.org/details/NationalokonomieTheorieDesHandelnsUndWirtschaftens", "question": { "de": "Was wünschst du dir mehr: Stabilität oder Freiheit?", "en": "What do you want more: stability or freedom?" }, "bio": { "de": "Österreichisch-amerikanischer Ökonom (1881–1973) und führende Figur der Österreichischen Schule. Seine Arbeiten zu Geld, Kredit und Wirtschaftsrechnung prägten die philosophischen Grundlagen, die später stark mit Bitcoin verbunden wurden.", "en": "Austrian-American economist (1881–1973) and leading figure of the Austrian School. His work on money, credit, and economic calculation deeply shaped the philosophical foundations later associated with Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "IV-17", "serie": "IV", "nr": 17, "author": "Friedrich A. Hayek", "who": { "de": "FRIEDRICH A. HAYEK", "en": "FRIEDRICH A. HAYEK" }, "src": { "de": "DENATIONALISATION OF MONEY · 1976", "en": "DENATIONALISATION OF MONEY · 1976" }, "quote": { "de": "Wir hatten immer schlechtes Geld, weil es der Privatwirtschaft nicht erlaubt war, uns ein besseres zu geben.", "en": "We have always had bad money because private enterprise was not permitted to give us a better one." }, "source": { "de": "„Denationalisation of Money“, IEA 1976 (3. Aufl. 1990), Kap. XXV „Conclusions“, Abschnitt „Good money can come only from self-interest“", "en": "“Denationalisation of Money”, IEA 1976 (3rd ed. 1990), ch. XXV “Conclusions”, section “Good money can come only from self-interest”" }, "link": "https://mises.org/online-book/denationalisation-money-argument-refined/xxv-conclusions", "question": { "de": "Würdest du dein Geld wählen, wenn du die Wahl hättest?", "en": "Would you choose your money if you had the choice?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "We have always had bad money because private enterprise was not permitted to give us a better one." }, "bio": { "de": "Österreichisch-britischer Ökonom und Philosoph (1899–1992), Wirtschaftsnobelpreis 1974, dessen Arbeit über Wettbewerb im Geldwesen und die Begrenzung staatlicher Kontrolle ihn zu einem der klarsten intellektuellen Vorläufer von Bitcoin macht.", "en": "Austrian-British economist and philosopher (1899–1992), Nobel laureate in economics 1974, whose work on competition in money and limits on state control made him one of Bitcoin’s clearest intellectual forerunners." } }, { "id": "IV-18", "serie": "IV", "nr": 18, "author": "Ludwig von Mises", "who": { "de": "LUDWIG VON MISES", "en": "LUDWIG VON MISES" }, "src": { "de": "THE THEORY OF MONEY AND CREDIT · 1953", "en": "THE THEORY OF MONEY AND CREDIT · 1953" }, "quote": { "de": "Man kann die Idee des gesunden Geldes nicht begreifen, wenn man nicht erkennt, dass sie als Instrument zum Schutz der bürgerlichen Freiheiten vor despotischen Übergriffen der Regierungen erdacht wurde.", "en": "It is impossible to grasp the meaning of the idea of sound money if one does not realize that it was devised as an instrument for the protection of civil liberties against despotic inroads on the part of governments." }, "source": { "de": "„The Theory of Money and Credit“, Ausgabe 1953, Teil IV „Monetary Reconstruction“, Kap. I „The Principle of Sound Money“, § 1", "en": "“The Theory of Money and Credit”, 1953 edition, part IV “Monetary Reconstruction”, ch. I “The Principle of Sound Money”, § 1" }, "link": "https://mises.org/online-book/theory-money-and-credit/chapter-21-principle-sound-money/1-classical-idea-sound-money", "question": { "de": "Wie eng hängen für dich Geld und Freiheit zusammen?", "en": "How closely are money and freedom linked for you?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "It is impossible to grasp the meaning of the idea of sound money if one does not realize that it was devised as an instrument for the protection of civil liberties against despotic inroads on the part of governments." }, "bio": { "de": "Österreichisch-amerikanischer Ökonom (1881–1973) und führende Figur der Österreichischen Schule. Seine Arbeiten zu Geld, Kredit und Wirtschaftsrechnung prägten die philosophischen Grundlagen, die später stark mit Bitcoin verbunden wurden.", "en": "Austrian-American economist (1881–1973) and leading figure of the Austrian School. His work on money, credit, and economic calculation deeply shaped the philosophical foundations later associated with Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "IV-19", "serie": "IV", "nr": 19, "author": "Friedrich A. Hayek", "who": { "de": "FRIEDRICH A. HAYEK", "en": "FRIEDRICH A. HAYEK" }, "src": { "de": "LAW, LEGISLATION AND LIBERTY · 1979", "en": "LAW, LEGISLATION AND LIBERTY · 1979" }, "quote": { "de": "‚Notlagen‘ waren schon immer der Vorwand, unter dem die Schutzwälle der individuellen Freiheit ausgehöhlt wurden.", "en": "‘Emergencies’ have always been the pretext on which the safeguards of individual liberty have been eroded." }, "source": { "de": "„Law, Legislation and Liberty“, Bd. 3 „The Political Order of a Free People“ (1979), Kap. 17 „A Model Constitution“, Abschnitt „Emergency Powers“, S. 124 f.", "en": "“Law, Legislation and Liberty”, vol. 3 “The Political Order of a Free People” (1979), ch. 17 “A Model Constitution”, section “Emergency Powers”, p. 124 f." }, "link": "https://archive.org/details/politicalorderof0000haye", "question": { "de": "Wie viele Freiheiten hast du in Krisen abgegeben und nie zurückbekommen?", "en": "How many freedoms have you given up in a crisis and never got back?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "“Emergencies” have always been the pretext on which the safeguards of individual liberty have been eroded." }, "bio": { "de": "Österreichisch-britischer Ökonom und Philosoph (1899–1992), Wirtschaftsnobelpreis 1974, dessen Arbeit über Wettbewerb im Geldwesen und die Begrenzung staatlicher Kontrolle ihn zu einem der klarsten intellektuellen Vorläufer von Bitcoin macht.", "en": "Austrian-British economist and philosopher (1899–1992), Nobel laureate in economics 1974, whose work on competition in money and limits on state control made him one of Bitcoin’s clearest intellectual forerunners." } }, { "id": "IV-20", "serie": "IV", "nr": 20, "author": "Murray N. Rothbard", "who": { "de": "MURRAY N. ROTHBARD", "en": "MURRAY N. ROTHBARD" }, "src": { "de": "WHAT HAS GOVERNMENT DONE … · 1963", "en": "WHAT HAS GOVERNMENT DONE … · 1963" }, "quote": { "de": "Beim Geld wie bei allem, was Menschen tun, gilt: ‚Die Freiheit ist die Mutter der Ordnung, nicht ihre Tochter.‘", "en": "For money as for all other activities of man, ‘liberty is the mother, not the daughter, of order.’" }, "source": { "de": "„What Has Government Done to Our Money?“, 1963, Teil II, Abschn. 13 (Mises-Ausgabe 2010, S. 48); Rothbard zitiert hier Proudhon", "en": "“What Has Government Done to Our Money?”, 1963, part II, sec. 13 (Mises Institute edition 2010, p. 48); Rothbard is quoting Proudhon here" }, "link": "https://mises.org/online-book/what-has-government-done-our-money/ii-money-free-society/13-summary", "question": { "de": "Wodurch entsteht bei dir eher Ordnung: durch Regeln oder durch Freiraum?", "en": "What creates order for you: rules or freedom?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "For money, as for all other activities of man, liberty is the mother, not the daughter, of order." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Ökonom und politischer Theoretiker (1926–1995), dessen Schriften über gesundes Geld, Freiheit und Staatsmacht die Bitcoin-Debatte stark geprägt haben.", "en": "American economist and political theorist (1926–1995) whose writing on sound money, liberty, and state power strongly influenced Bitcoin thought." } }, { "id": "IV-21", "serie": "IV", "nr": 21, "author": "Friedrich A. Hayek", "who": { "de": "FRIEDRICH A. HAYEK", "en": "FRIEDRICH A. HAYEK" }, "src": { "de": "INTERVIEW, UNIVERSITÄT FREIBURG · 1984", "en": "INTERVIEW, UNIVERSITY OF FREIBURG · 1984" }, "quote": { "de": "Ich glaube nicht, dass wir je wieder gutes Geld haben werden, bevor wir es der Regierung aus der Hand nehmen … Alles, was wir tun können, ist, auf listigem Umweg etwas einzuführen, das sie nicht aufhalten kann.", "en": "I don’t believe we shall ever have a good money again before we take the thing out of the hands of government … all we can do is by some sly roundabout way introduce something that they can’t stop." }, "source": { "de": "Videointerview mit James U. Blanchard III, Universität Freiburg, 1984 (bei 19:15–19:23)", "en": "Video interview with James U. Blanchard III, University of Freiburg, 1984 (at 19:15–19:23)" }, "link": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EYhEDxFwFRU&t=1155s", "question": { "de": "Welchen Umweg gehst du, weil der direkte Weg versperrt ist?", "en": "Which detour are you taking because the direct road is blocked?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "I don't believe we shall ever have a good money again before we take the thing out of the hands of government … all we can do is by some sly roundabout way introduce something that they can't stop." }, "bio": { "de": "Österreichisch-britischer Ökonom und Philosoph (1899–1992), Wirtschaftsnobelpreis 1974, dessen Arbeit über Wettbewerb im Geldwesen und die Begrenzung staatlicher Kontrolle ihn zu einem der klarsten intellektuellen Vorläufer von Bitcoin macht.", "en": "Austrian-British economist and philosopher (1899–1992), Nobel laureate in economics 1974, whose work on competition in money and limits on state control made him one of Bitcoin’s clearest intellectual forerunners." } }, { "id": "V-1", "serie": "V", "nr": 1, "author": "Nikolaus Kopernikus", "who": { "de": "NIKOLAUS KOPERNIKUS", "en": "NICOLAUS COPERNICUS" }, "src": { "de": "MONETE CUDENDE RATIO · 1526", "en": "MONETE CUDENDE RATIO · 1526" }, "quote": { "de": "Obwohl es unzählige Plagen gibt, an denen Königreiche … verfallen, sind doch diese vier nach meinem Urteil die schlimmsten: Zwietracht, Massensterben, Unfruchtbarkeit des Bodens und die Verschlechterung der Münze.", "en": "Although there are countless scourges by which kingdoms … decline, these four are in my judgment the most serious: discord, mortality, barren soil and the debasement of the coinage." }, "source": { "de": "„Monete cudende ratio“ (1526), Eröffnungssatz (gekürzt)", "en": "“Monete cudende ratio” (1526), opening sentence (abridged)" }, "link": "https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Monete_cudende_ratio", "question": { "de": "Wie oft merkst du im Alltag, dass dein Geld schwächer wird?", "en": "How often do you notice your money getting weaker in everyday life?" }, "original": { "lang": "la", "text": "Quanquam innumere pestes sunt, quibus regna … decrescere solent, hec tamen quattuor (meo iudicio) potissima sunt: discordia, mortalitas, terre sterilitas et monete vilitas.", "layout": [ [ "R", 3, "Quanquam innumere pestes sunt, quibus regna … decrescere solent, hec tamen quattuor (meo iudicio) potissima sunt:", { "col": "ink2" } ], [ "R", 3.6, "discordia, mortalitas,", { "mt": 8 } ], [ "R", 3.6, "terre sterilitas" ], [ "I", 3.6, "et", { "mt": 6, "col": "acc" } ], [ "C", 5.5, "monete" ], [ "C", 5.5, "vilitas.", { "col": "acc" } ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Astronom, Arzt und Domherr im Ermland (1473–1543). Begründete das heliozentrische Weltbild und schrieb 1526 eine Denkschrift über Münzverschlechterung, die das Greshamsche Gesetz vorwegnahm.", "en": "Astronomer, physician and canon in Warmia (1473–1543). Founded the heliocentric view of the cosmos and in 1526 wrote a treatise on currency debasement that anticipated Gresham’s law." } }, { "id": "V-2", "serie": "V", "nr": 2, "author": "Thomas Jefferson", "who": { "de": "THOMAS JEFFERSON", "en": "THOMAS JEFFERSON" }, "src": { "de": "BRIEF AN E. CARRINGTON · 1788", "en": "LETTER TO E. CARRINGTON · 1788" }, "quote": { "de": "… und das ganze Traumgebäude löst sich in Luft auf und zeigt, dass Papier Armut ist – nur das Gespenst des Geldes, nicht das Geld selbst.", "en": "… and the whole visionary fabric vanishes into air and shews that paper is poverty, that it is only the ghost of money, and not money itself." }, "source": { "de": "Brief an Edward Carrington, Paris, 27.05.1788", "en": "Letter to Edward Carrington, Paris, 27 May 1788" }, "link": "https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/01-13-02-0120", "question": { "de": "Wie echt fühlt sich Geld an, das nur eine Zahl auf dem Bildschirm ist?", "en": "How real does money feel when it’s just a number on a screen?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "… and the whole visionary fabric vanishes into air and shews that paper is poverty, that it is only the ghost of money, and not money itself." }, "bio": { "de": "Gründervater und dritter Präsident der Vereinigten Staaten (1743–1826). Hauptautor der Unabhängigkeitserklärung und zeitlebens Kritiker von Papiergeld und Zentralbanken.", "en": "Founding Father and third President of the United States (1743–1826). Principal author of the Declaration of Independence and a lifelong critic of paper money and central banks." } }, { "id": "V-3", "serie": "V", "nr": 3, "author": "John Maynard Keynes", "who": { "de": "JOHN MAYNARD KEYNES", "en": "JOHN MAYNARD KEYNES" }, "src": { "de": "ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF THE PEACE · 1919", "en": "ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF THE PEACE · 1919" }, "quote": { "de": "Durch einen fortgesetzten Inflationsprozess können Regierungen einen wichtigen Teil des Vermögens ihrer Bürger heimlich und unbemerkt konfiszieren.", "en": "By a continuing process of inflation, governments can confiscate, secretly and unobserved, an important part of the wealth of their citizens." }, "source": { "de": "„The Economic Consequences of the Peace“, 1919, Kap. VI", "en": "“The Economic Consequences of the Peace”, 1919, ch. VI" }, "link": "https://www.gutenberg.org/files/15776/15776-h/15776-h.htm", "question": { "de": "Würdest du merken, wenn dir jemand heimlich etwas nimmt?", "en": "Would you notice someone quietly taking from you?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "By a continuing process of inflation, governments can confiscate, secretly and unobserved, an important part of the wealth of their citizens." }, "bio": { "de": "Britischer Ökonom (1883–1946). Begründer des Keynesianismus. Seine Ideen prägten die moderne Wirtschaftspolitik – und bleiben der intellektuelle Gegenpol zum Sound-Money-Denken.", "en": "British economist (1883–1946). Founder of Keynesian economics. His ideas shaped modern macroeconomic policy — and remain the intellectual counterpoint to sound money thinking." } }, { "id": "V-4", "serie": "V", "nr": 4, "author": "Ernest Hemingway", "who": { "de": "ERNEST HEMINGWAY", "en": "ERNEST HEMINGWAY" }, "src": { "de": "ESQUIRE · 1935", "en": "ESQUIRE · 1935" }, "quote": { "de": "Das erste Allheilmittel einer heruntergewirtschafteten Nation ist die Inflation der Währung; das zweite ist der Krieg. Beide bringen vorübergehenden Wohlstand; beide bringen dauerhaften Ruin.", "en": "The first panacea for a mismanaged nation is inflation of the currency; the second is war. Both bring a temporary prosperity; both bring a permanent ruin." }, "source": { "de": "„Notes on the Next War: A Serious Topical Letter“, Esquire, September 1935", "en": "“Notes on the Next War: A Serious Topical Letter”, Esquire, September 1935" }, "link": "https://harpers.org/2007/09/hemingway-on-the-politics-of-war/", "question": { "de": "Wie oft greifst du zur schnellen Lösung, obwohl du es besser weißt?", "en": "How often do you grab the quick fix even though you know better?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "The first panacea for a mismanaged nation is inflation of the currency; the second is war. Both bring a temporary prosperity; both bring a permanent ruin." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Schriftsteller (1899–1961) und Literaturnobelpreisträger. Berichtete als Reporter aus Kriegen und schrieb in den 1930ern für Esquire auch über Politik und Geld.", "en": "American novelist (1899–1961) and Nobel laureate in literature. Covered wars as a reporter and in the 1930s also wrote about politics and money for Esquire." } }, { "id": "V-5", "serie": "V", "nr": 5, "author": "John Maynard Keynes", "who": { "de": "JOHN MAYNARD KEYNES", "en": "JOHN MAYNARD KEYNES" }, "src": { "de": "ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF THE PEACE · 1919", "en": "ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF THE PEACE · 1919" }, "quote": { "de": "Es gibt kein subtileres, kein sichereres Mittel, die bestehende Grundlage der Gesellschaft umzustürzen, als die Währung zu verderben.", "en": "There is no subtler, no surer means of overturning the existing basis of society than to debauch the currency." }, "source": { "de": "„The Economic Consequences of the Peace“, 1919, Kap. VI", "en": "“The Economic Consequences of the Peace”, 1919, ch. VI" }, "link": "https://www.gutenberg.org/files/15776/15776-h/15776-h.htm", "question": { "de": "Wie schnell würdest du merken, wenn dir nach und nach etwas genommen wird?", "en": "How quickly would you notice something being taken from you bit by bit?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "There is no subtler, no surer means of overturning the existing basis of society than to debauch the currency." }, "bio": { "de": "Britischer Ökonom (1883–1946). Begründer des Keynesianismus. Seine Ideen prägten die moderne Wirtschaftspolitik – und bleiben der intellektuelle Gegenpol zum Sound-Money-Denken.", "en": "British economist (1883–1946). Founder of Keynesian economics. His ideas shaped modern macroeconomic policy — and remain the intellectual counterpoint to sound money thinking." } }, { "id": "V-6", "serie": "V", "nr": 6, "author": "Ben Bernanke", "who": { "de": "BEN BERNANKE", "en": "BEN BERNANKE" }, "src": { "de": "FEDERAL RESERVE · 21.11.2002", "en": "FEDERAL RESERVE · 21.11.2002" }, "quote": { "de": "Die US-Regierung verfügt über eine Technologie namens Druckerpresse, … mit der sie so viele US-Dollar herstellen kann, wie sie will – praktisch ohne Kosten.", "en": "But the U.S. government has a technology, called a printing press, … that allows it to produce as many U.S. dollars as it wishes at essentially no cost." }, "source": { "de": "Rede „Deflation: Making Sure ‚It‘ Doesn’t Happen Here“ (als Fed-Gouverneur), National Economists Club, Washington D.C., 21.11.2002", "en": "Speech “Deflation: Making Sure ‘It’ Doesn’t Happen Here” (as Fed Governor), National Economists Club, Washington D.C., 21 November 2002" }, "link": "https://www.federalreserve.gov/boarddocs/speeches/2002/20021121/default.htm", "question": { "de": "Was in deinem Leben ist gerade deshalb wertvoll, weil es dich etwas gekostet hat?", "en": "What in your life is valuable precisely because it cost you something?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "But the U.S. government has a technology, called a printing press (or, today, its electronic equivalent), that allows it to produce as many U.S. dollars as it wishes at essentially no cost." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Ökonom (*1953). Vorsitzender der US-Notenbank Fed von 2006 bis 2014, steuerte sie durch die Finanzkrise 2008. Nobelpreis für Wirtschaftswissenschaften 2022.", "en": "American economist (b. 1953). Chair of the US Federal Reserve from 2006 to 2014, steering it through the 2008 financial crisis. Nobel Prize in Economics 2022." } }, { "id": "V-7", "serie": "V", "nr": 7, "author": "Robert Breedlove", "who": { "de": "ROBERT BREEDLOVE", "en": "ROBERT BREEDLOVE" }, "src": { "de": "IMPACT THEORY · 29.11.2022", "en": "IMPACT THEORY · 29.11.2022" }, "quote": { "de": "Inflation ist schlicht legale Geldfälschung, und Geldfälschung ist illegale Inflation. Mechanisch ist beides dasselbe.", "en": "Inflation is quite simply, legal counterfeiting, and counterfeiting is illegal inflation. They’re mechanically the same thing." }, "source": { "de": "„Impact Theory“ (Podcast), 29.11.2022", "en": "“Impact Theory” (podcast), 29 November 2022" }, "link": "https://www.spreaker.com/user/15257048/cwt-robert-breedlove-postforpod", "question": { "de": "Ist Inflation für dich etwas anderes als Geldfälschung?", "en": "Is inflation any different from counterfeiting to you?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Inflation is quite simply, legal counterfeiting, and counterfeiting is illegal inflation. They're mechanically the same thing." }, "bio": { "de": "Bitcoin-Autor und Podcaster, bekannt für seine Auseinandersetzung mit den philosophischen, moralischen und zivilisatorischen Folgen von Geld und Bitcoin.", "en": "Bitcoin writer and podcaster known for exploring the philosophical, moral, and civilizational implications of money and Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "V-8", "serie": "V", "nr": 8, "author": "John Adams", "who": { "de": "JOHN ADAMS", "en": "JOHN ADAMS" }, "src": { "de": "BRIEF AN W. B. GILES · 1812", "en": "LETTER TO W. B. GILES · 1812" }, "quote": { "de": "Jeder Dollar, der über die Menge der Edelmetalle in den Tresoren hinaus in Papier ausgegeben wird, stellt nichts dar und ist ein unehrlicher, betrügerischer, schwindlerischer Dollar.", "en": "Every dollar issued in paper beyond the amount of the precious metals in the Vaults, represents nothing and is a dishonest fraudulent, swindling dollar." }, "source": { "de": "Brief an William Branch Giles, 22.12.1812 (Adams Family Papers, Letterbooks, Massachusetts Historical Society)", "en": "Letter to William Branch Giles, 22 December 1812 (Adams Family Papers, Letterbooks, Massachusetts Historical Society)" }, "link": "https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Adams/99-02-02-5914", "question": { "de": "Wie wichtig ist dir, dass Geld durch etwas Echtes gedeckt ist?", "en": "How important is it to you that money is backed by something real?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Every dollar issued in paper beyond the amount of the precious metals in the Vaults, represents nothing and is a dishonest fraudulent, swindling dollar." }, "bio": { "de": "Gründervater und zweiter Präsident der Vereinigten Staaten (1735–1826). Misstraute Papiergeld zeitlebens und verteidigte Gold- und Silbermünzen als ehrliches Geld.", "en": "Founding Father and second President of the United States (1735–1826). Distrusted paper money all his life and defended gold and silver coin as honest money." } }, { "id": "V-9", "serie": "V", "nr": 9, "author": "Alan Greenspan", "who": { "de": "ALAN GREENSPAN", "en": "ALAN GREENSPAN" }, "src": { "de": "GOLD AND ECONOMIC FREEDOM · 1966", "en": "GOLD AND ECONOMIC FREEDOM · 1966" }, "quote": { "de": "Defizitausgaben sind schlicht ein Plan zur Konfiskation von Vermögen. Gold steht diesem heimtückischen Vorgang im Weg. Es ist ein Schutzwall der Eigentumsrechte.", "en": "Deficit spending is simply a scheme for the confiscation of wealth. Gold stands in the way of this insidious process. It stands as a protector of property rights." }, "source": { "de": "„Gold and Economic Freedom“, The Objectivist, Juli 1966, Schlussabsatz", "en": "“Gold and Economic Freedom”, The Objectivist, July 1966, final paragraph" }, "link": "https://www.constitution.org/mon/greenspan_gold.htm", "question": { "de": "Wie sehr misstraust du Plänen, die heute angenehm und morgen teuer sind?", "en": "How much do you distrust plans that feel good today and cost dearly tomorrow?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Deficit spending is simply a scheme for the confiscation of wealth. Gold stands in the way of this insidious process. It stands as a protector of property rights." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Ökonom (*1926). Vorsitzender der US-Notenbank Fed von 1987 bis 2006. Schrieb 1966, lange vor seiner Amtszeit, ein vielzitiertes Plädoyer für den Goldstandard.", "en": "American economist (b. 1926). Chair of the US Federal Reserve from 1987 to 2006. In 1966, long before taking office, he wrote a much-quoted defence of the gold standard." } }, { "id": "V-10", "serie": "V", "nr": 10, "author": "Aristophanes", "who": { "de": "ARISTOPHANES", "en": "ARISTOPHANES" }, "src": { "de": "DIE FRÖSCHE · 405 V. CHR.", "en": "THE FROGS · 405 BC" }, "quote": { "de": "Oft schon schien es uns, die Stadt verfahre mit ihren edelsten Bürgern genauso wie mit der alten Münze und dem neuen Gold. … Wir gebrauchen sie gar nicht, sondern dieses schäbige Kupfergeld …", "en": "It has often seemed to us that the city treats its finest citizens just as it treats the old coinage and the new gold. … We don’t use them at all, but these shoddy copper coins …" }, "source": { "de": "„Die Frösche“ (405 v. Chr.), Parabase des Chors, V. 718–726 (gekürzt)", "en": "“The Frogs” (405 BC), parabasis of the chorus, ll. 718–726 (abridged)" }, "link": "http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0031:card=718", "question": { "de": "Wie wird man einmal über das Geld deiner Zeit urteilen?", "en": "How will people one day judge the money of your time?" }, "original": { "lang": "grc", "text": "πολλάκις γ᾽ ἡμῖν ἔδοξεν ἡ πόλις πεπονθέναι / ταὐτὸν ἔς τε τῶν πολιτῶν τοὺς καλούς τε κἀγαθοὺς / ἔς τε τἀρχαῖον νόμισμα καὶ τὸ καινὸν χρυσίον. / … χρώμεθ᾽ οὐδέν, ἀλλὰ τούτοις τοῖς πονηροῖς χαλκίοις …", "layout": [ [ "I", 3, "πολλάκις γ᾽ ἡμῖν ἔδοξεν ἡ πόλις πεπονθέναι ταὐτὸν ἔς τε τῶν πολιτῶν", { "col": "ink2", "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 4, "τοὺς καλούς τε κἀγαθοὺς", { "col": "acc", "mt": 2, "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 3, "ἔς τε τἀρχαῖον νόμισμα καὶ τὸ καινὸν χρυσίον. …", { "col": "ink2", "mt": 2, "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 3, "χρώμεθ᾽ οὐδέν, ἀλλὰ τούτοις", { "mt": 10, "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 6, "τοῖς πονηροῖς", { "mt": 2, "greek": 1 } ], [ "I", 6, "χαλκίοις …", { "fx": "copper", "greek": 1 } ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Athenischer Komödiendichter (ca. 450–385 v. Chr.). Verspottete Politiker, Philosophen und Moden seiner Stadt; „Die Frösche“ entstanden 405 v. Chr., als Athen im Krieg Notmünzen prägen musste.", "en": "Athenian comic playwright (c. 450–385 BC). Mocked the politicians, philosophers and fashions of his city; “The Frogs” was staged in 405 BC, when wartime Athens had to strike emergency coins." } }, { "id": "V-11", "serie": "V", "nr": 11, "author": "Adam Back", "who": { "de": "ADAM BACK", "en": "ADAM BACK" }, "src": { "de": "COINSHARES · 23.05.2025", "en": "COINSHARES · 23.05.2025" }, "quote": { "de": "Die Welt kehrt zu einem Goldstandard zurück – nur eben mit Bitcoin statt Gold.", "en": "The world is going back to a gold standard but with bitcoin instead." }, "source": { "de": "Interview, CoinShares, „The Node“, 23.05.2025", "en": "Interview, CoinShares, “The Node”, 23 May 2025" }, "link": "https://coinshares.com/insights/the-node/interview-adam-back/", "question": { "de": "Wie gut kannst du dir vorstellen, dass Geld wieder an etwas Hartes gebunden wird?", "en": "How easily can you imagine money being tied to something hard again?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "The world is going back to a gold standard but with bitcoin instead." }, "bio": { "de": "Britischer Kryptograf und Cypherpunk (*1970). Erfand 1997 Hashcash, das Satoshi im Bitcoin-Whitepaper zitiert; leitet heute das Bitcoin-Unternehmen Blockstream.", "en": "British cryptographer and cypherpunk (b. 1970). Invented Hashcash in 1997, which Satoshi cited in the Bitcoin whitepaper; today he runs the Bitcoin company Blockstream." } }, { "id": "V-12", "serie": "V", "nr": 12, "author": "Robert Breedlove", "who": { "de": "ROBERT BREEDLOVE", "en": "ROBERT BREEDLOVE" }, "src": { "de": "TWITTER @BREEDLOVE22 · 10.10.2020", "en": "TWITTER @BREEDLOVE22 · 10.10.2020" }, "quote": { "de": "Was immer der Mensch zu Geld macht, produziert er effizienter: Gold führte zu mehr Gold, Fiatgeld zu mehr Schulden – Bitcoin wird zu mehr Energie führen.", "en": "Whatever mankind monetizes he produces more efficiently: Gold’s monetization led to more gold production. Fiat currency led to more debt production. #Bitcoin will lead to more energy production." }, "source": { "de": "Twitter @Breedlove22, 10.10.2020 (heute X)", "en": "Twitter @Breedlove22, 10 October 2020 (now X)" }, "link": "https://x.com/Breedlove22/status/1314883121821614080", "question": { "de": "Wie viel deiner Energie fließt in Dinge, die bleiben?", "en": "How much of your energy goes into things that last?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Whatever mankind monetizes he produces more efficiently: Gold's monetization led to more gold production. Fiat currency led to more debt production. #Bitcoin will lead to more energy production." }, "bio": { "de": "Bitcoin-Autor und Podcaster, bekannt für seine Auseinandersetzung mit den philosophischen, moralischen und zivilisatorischen Folgen von Geld und Bitcoin.", "en": "Bitcoin writer and podcaster known for exploring the philosophical, moral, and civilizational implications of money and Bitcoin." }, "context": { "de": "Twitter, heute X: der Kurznachrichtendienst, auf dem Robert Breedlove diesen Gedanken im Oktober 2020 teilte.", "en": "Twitter, now X: the short-message service where Robert Breedlove shared this thought in October 2020." } }, { "id": "V-13", "serie": "V", "nr": 13, "author": "William Shakespeare", "who": { "de": "WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE", "en": "WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE" }, "src": { "de": "TIMON VON ATHEN · UM 1606", "en": "TIMON OF ATHENS · C. 1606" }, "quote": { "de": "Gold? Gelbes, glänzendes, kostbares Gold? … So viel davon macht schwarz weiß, hässlich schön, falsch richtig, gemein edel, alt jung, feig tapfer.", "en": "Gold? Yellow, glittering, precious gold? … Thus much of this will make black white, foul fair, wrong right, base noble, old young, coward valiant." }, "source": { "de": "„Timon of Athens“ (um 1606), Akt IV, Szene 3 – Timon gräbt nach Wurzeln und findet Gold", "en": "“Timon of Athens” (c. 1606), Act IV, Scene 3 – Timon digs for roots and finds gold" }, "link": "https://www.folger.edu/explore/shakespeares-works/timon-of-athens/read/4/3/", "question": { "de": "Wie sehr färbt Geld dein Bild von einem Menschen?", "en": "How much does money color your view of a person?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Gold? Yellow, glittering, precious gold? … Thus much of this will make / Black white, foul fair, wrong right, / Base noble, old young, coward valiant." }, "bio": { "de": "Englischer Dichter und Dramatiker (1564–1616). In „Timon von Athen“ zeigt er einen Reichen, den das Geld erst seine Freunde und dann alle Illusionen kostet.", "en": "English poet and playwright (1564–1616). “Timon of Athens” portrays a rich man whom money first costs his friends and then all his illusions." } }, { "id": "V-14", "serie": "V", "nr": 14, "author": "Wei Dai", "who": { "de": "WEI DAI", "en": "WEI DAI" }, "src": { "de": "B-MONEY · 1998", "en": "B-MONEY · 1998" }, "quote": { "de": "Jeder kann Geld erschaffen, indem er die Lösung eines bislang ungelösten Rechenproblems verbreitet. … Die Lösung darf sonst keinerlei Wert haben, weder praktischen noch intellektuellen.", "en": "Anyone can create money by broadcasting the solution to a previously unsolved computational problem. … the solution must otherwise have no value, either practical or intellectual." }, "source": { "de": "„b-money“, November 1998, Abschn. 1 „The creation of money“ (gekürzt); Satoshi nennt b-money als erste Quelle im Whitepaper", "en": "“b-money”, November 1998, sec. 1 “The creation of money” (abridged); Satoshi cites b-money as the first reference in the whitepaper" }, "link": "https://nakamotoinstitute.org/b-money", "question": { "de": "Was überzeugt dich mehr: ein Versprechen oder ein Beweis von Arbeit?", "en": "What convinces you more: a promise or proof of work?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Anyone can create money by broadcasting the solution to a previously unsolved computational problem. … the solution must otherwise have no value, either practical or intellectual." }, "bio": { "de": "Kryptograf und Schöpfer von b-money, einem der wichtigsten im Bitcoin-Whitepaper genannten Vorläufer.", "en": "Cryptographer and creator of b-money, one of the key precursors cited in the Bitcoin whitepaper." } }, { "id": "V-15", "serie": "V", "nr": 15, "author": "Milton Friedman", "who": { "de": "MILTON FRIEDMAN", "en": "MILTON FRIEDMAN" }, "src": { "de": "INTERVIEW NTUF · 1999", "en": "INTERVIEW NTUF · 1999" }, "quote": { "de": "Das Einzige, was noch fehlt, aber bald entwickelt werden wird, ist verlässliches E-Cash … mit dem man Geld von A nach B überweisen kann, ohne dass A B kennt oder B A.", "en": "The one thing that’s missing, but that will soon be developed, it’s a reliable e-cash … you can transfer funds from A to B, without A knowing B or B knowing A." }, "source": { "de": "Interview mit der National Taxpayers Union Foundation, 1999 (Video; Transkript bei Cointelegraph)", "en": "Interview with the National Taxpayers Union Foundation, 1999 (video; transcript at Cointelegraph)" }, "link": "https://cointelegraph.com/news/nobel-laureate-milton-friedman-predicted-bitcoin-era-17-years-ago", "question": { "de": "Kannst du heute schon bezahlen, ohne dass dich der andere kennen muss?", "en": "Can you already pay without the other side needing to know who you are?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "The one thing that's missing, but that will soon be developed, it's a reliable e-cash … you can transfer funds from A to B, without A knowing B or B knowing A." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Ökonom und Nobelpreisträger (1912–2006). Begründer des Monetarismus und einflussreicher Verfechter freier Märkte; sagte 1999 voraus, dass bald verlässliches digitales Bargeld entwickelt werde.", "en": "American economist and Nobel laureate (1912–2006). Founder of monetarism and an influential advocate of free markets; in 1999 he predicted that reliable digital cash would soon be developed." } }, { "id": "V-16", "serie": "V", "nr": 16, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "BITCOIN-WHITEPAPER · 31.10.2008", "en": "BITCOIN WHITEPAPER · 31.10.2008" }, "quote": { "de": "Das stetige Hinzukommen einer konstanten Menge neuer Coins ist vergleichbar mit Goldgräbern, die Ressourcen aufwenden, um Gold in Umlauf zu bringen. In unserem Fall werden CPU-Zeit und Strom aufgewendet.", "en": "The steady addition of a constant of amount of new coins is analogous to gold miners expending resources to add gold to circulation. In our case, it is CPU time and electricity that is expended." }, "source": { "de": "„Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“, 31.10.2008, Kap. 6 „Incentive“ (im Original „constant of amount“)", "en": "“Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System”, 31 October 2008, ch. 6 “Incentive” (original reads “constant of amount”)" }, "link": "https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf", "question": { "de": "Wie viel Mühe steckst du in etwas, bevor es dir etwas wert ist?", "en": "How much effort goes into something before it is worth something to you?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "The steady addition of a constant of amount of new coins is analogous to gold miners expending resources to add gold to circulation. In our case, it is CPU time and electricity that is expended." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "Bitcoin-Whitepaper: Satoshis neunseitiger Entwurf für elektronisches Bargeld ohne Mittelsmann, veröffentlicht am 31.10.2008.", "en": "The Bitcoin whitepaper: Satoshi’s nine-page design for electronic cash without a middleman, published on 31 October 2008." } }, { "id": "V-17", "serie": "V", "nr": 17, "author": "Saifedean Ammous", "who": { "de": "SAIFEDEAN AMMOUS", "en": "SAIFEDEAN AMMOUS" }, "src": { "de": "THE BITCOIN STANDARD · 2018", "en": "THE BITCOIN STANDARD · 2018" }, "quote": { "de": "Bitcoin ist das härteste Geld, das je erfunden wurde: Ein steigender Wert kann sein Angebot unmöglich erhöhen; er kann das Netzwerk nur sicherer und unangreifbarer machen.", "en": "Bitcoin is the hardest money ever invented: growth in its value cannot possibly increase its supply; it can only make the network more secure and immune to attack." }, "source": { "de": "„The Bitcoin Standard“, 2018, Kap. 8 „Digital Money“", "en": "“The Bitcoin Standard”, 2018, ch. 8 “Digital Money”" }, "link": "https://www.wiley.com/en-us/The+Bitcoin+Standard%3A+The+Decentralized+Alternative+to+Central+Banking-p-9781119473862", "question": { "de": "Was ist dir bei Geld wichtiger: dass es bequem ist oder dass es hart ist?", "en": "What matters more in money: convenience or hardness?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Bitcoin is the hardest money ever invented: growth in its value cannot possibly increase its supply; it can only make the network more secure and immune to attack." }, "bio": { "de": "Ökonom und Autor von „The Bitcoin Standard“, einem der einflussreichsten Bücher über Bitcoin. Bekannt dafür, Österreichische Schule, Geldgeschichte und Bitcoin miteinander zu verbinden.", "en": "Economist and author of “The Bitcoin Standard”, one of the most influential books in Bitcoin. Known for connecting Austrian economics, monetary history, and Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "V-18", "serie": "V", "nr": 18, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "BITCOINTALK · 07.08.2010", "en": "BITCOINTALK · 07.08.2010" }, "quote": { "de": "Goldbergbau ist Verschwendung, aber diese Verschwendung ist weit geringer als der Nutzen, Gold als Tauschmittel zur Verfügung zu haben. … Darum wäre es unterm Strich die Verschwendung, Bitcoin nicht zu haben.", "en": "Gold mining is a waste, but that waste is far less than the utility of having gold available as a medium of exchange. … Therefore, not having Bitcoin would be the net waste." }, "source": { "de": "BitcoinTalk, „Re: Bitcoin minting is thermodynamically perverse“, 07.08.2010 (gekürzt)", "en": "BitcoinTalk, “Re: Bitcoin minting is thermodynamically perverse”, 7 August 2010 (abridged)" }, "link": "https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/posts/bitcointalk/327/", "question": { "de": "Ist Bitcoins Stromverbrauch für dich Verschwendung?", "en": "Is Bitcoin’s energy use a waste to you?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Gold mining is a waste, but that waste is far less than the utility of having gold available as a medium of exchange. … Therefore, not having Bitcoin would be the net waste." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "Bitcointalk: das Forum, das Satoshi im November 2009 eröffnet hat, um über Bitcoin zu sprechen.", "en": "Bitcointalk: the forum Satoshi opened in November 2009 to talk about Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "V-19", "serie": "V", "nr": 19, "author": "Parker Lewis", "who": { "de": "PARKER LEWIS", "en": "PARKER LEWIS" }, "src": { "de": "BITCOIN IS NOT BACKED BY NOTHING · 2019", "en": "BITCOIN IS NOT BACKED BY NOTHING · 2019" }, "quote": { "de": "Entgegen der verbreiteten Meinung ist Bitcoin durchaus gedeckt. Es ist durch das Einzige gedeckt, was jede Form von Geld deckt: die Glaubwürdigkeit seiner monetären Eigenschaften.", "en": "Contrary to popular belief, bitcoin is in fact backed by something. It is backed by the only thing that backs any form of money: the credibility of its monetary properties." }, "source": { "de": "„Bitcoin Is Not Backed by Nothing“, Unchained, 28.09.2019 (Buch „Gradually, Then Suddenly“, 2023, Kap. 3)", "en": "“Bitcoin Is Not Backed by Nothing”, Unchained, 28 September 2019 (book “Gradually, Then Suddenly”, 2023, ch. 3)" }, "link": "https://www.unchained.com/blog/bitcoin-is-not-backed-by-nothing", "question": { "de": "Wie viel Glaubwürdigkeit muss sich etwas bei dir erst verdienen?", "en": "How much credibility does something have to earn with you first?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Contrary to popular belief, bitcoin is in fact backed by something. It is backed by the only thing that backs any form of money: the credibility of its monetary properties." }, "bio": { "de": "Bitcoin-Autor, vor allem bekannt für die Essayreihe „Gradually, Then Suddenly“, in der er Bitcoin über Geld, Kredit und Marktstruktur erklärt.", "en": "Bitcoin writer best known for the essay series “Gradually, Then Suddenly”, which explains Bitcoin through money, credit, and market structure." } }, { "id": "V-20", "serie": "V", "nr": 20, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "BITCOINTALK · 14.06.2010", "en": "BITCOINTALK · 14.06.2010" }, "quote": { "de": "Wenn SHA-256 vollständig gebrochen würde, könnten wir uns, denke ich, darauf einigen, wie die ehrliche Blockchain vor Beginn des Ärgers aussah, sie festschreiben und von dort mit einer neuen Hashfunktion weitermachen.", "en": "If SHA-256 became completely broken, I think we could come to some agreement about what the honest block chain was before the trouble started, lock that in and continue from there with a new hash function." }, "source": { "de": "BitcoinTalk, „Re: Dealing with SHA-256 Collisions“, 14.06.2010", "en": "BitcoinTalk, “Re: Dealing with SHA-256 Collisions”, 14 June 2010" }, "link": "https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/posts/bitcointalk/119/", "question": { "de": "Wenn etwas Grundlegendes bricht – wie schnell findest du einen Neuanfang?", "en": "When something fundamental breaks, how fast do you find a fresh start?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "If SHA-256 became completely broken, I think we could come to some agreement about what the honest block chain was before the trouble started, lock that in and continue from there with a new hash function." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "Bitcointalk: das Forum, das Satoshi im November 2009 eröffnet hat, um über Bitcoin zu sprechen.", "en": "Bitcointalk: the forum Satoshi opened in November 2009 to talk about Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "V-21", "serie": "V", "nr": 21, "author": "Alex Gladstein", "who": { "de": "ALEX GLADSTEIN", "en": "ALEX GLADSTEIN" }, "src": { "de": "BITCOIN MAGAZINE · 12.05.2021", "en": "BITCOIN MAGAZINE · 12.05.2021" }, "quote": { "de": "Nur 13 % der Weltbevölkerung werden in den Dollar, den Euro … oder den Schweizer Franken hineingeboren. Die anderen 87 % werden in Autokratie oder in deutlich weniger vertrauenswürdige Währungen hineingeboren.", "en": "Only 13% of our planet’s population is born into the dollar, euro … or Swiss Franc. The other 87% are born into autocracy or considerably less trustworthy currencies." }, "source": { "de": "„Check Your Financial Privilege“, Bitcoin Magazine, 12.05.2021 (gekürzt; auch Titel seines Buchs, 2022)", "en": "“Check Your Financial Privilege”, Bitcoin Magazine, 12 May 2021 (abridged; also the title of his book, 2022)" }, "link": "https://bitcoinmagazine.com/culture/check-your-financial-privilege", "question": { "de": "Wie selbstverständlich ist für dich, dass dein Geld morgen noch gilt?", "en": "How much do you take for granted that your money will still count tomorrow?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "… only 13% of our planet’s population is born into the dollar, euro … or Swiss Franc. The other 87% are born into autocracy or considerably less trustworthy currencies." }, "bio": { "de": "Menschenrechtsaktivist, bekannt dafür zu zeigen, wie Bitcoin Ersparnisse, Meinungsfreiheit und Handlungsfreiheit in autoritären und inflationären Systemen schützen kann.", "en": "Human rights advocate known for documenting how Bitcoin can protect savings, speech, and freedom under authoritarian and inflationary regimes." } }, { "id": "VI-1", "serie": "VI", "nr": 1, "author": "Morgan Housel", "who": { "de": "MORGAN HOUSEL", "en": "MORGAN HOUSEL" }, "src": { "de": "THE PSYCHOLOGY OF MONEY · 01.06.2018", "en": "THE PSYCHOLOGY OF MONEY · 01.06.2018" }, "quote": { "de": "Deine persönlichen Erfahrungen mit Geld machen vielleicht 0,00000001 % dessen aus, was in der Welt passiert ist, aber vielleicht 80 % deines Bildes davon, wie die Welt funktioniert.", "en": "Your personal experiences with money make up maybe 0.00000001% of what’s happened in the world, but maybe 80% of how you think the world works." }, "source": { "de": "„The Psychology of Money“, Blog des Collaborative Fund, 01.06.2018 (Grundlage des Buchs, 2020, Kap. 1)", "en": "“The Psychology of Money”, Collaborative Fund blog, 1 June 2018 (basis of the book, 2020, ch. 1)" }, "link": "https://collabfund.com/blog/the-psychology-of-money/", "question": { "de": "Wie stark prägt deine eigene Erfahrung deinen Blick auf Geld?", "en": "How strongly does your own experience shape your view of money?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Your personal experiences with money make up maybe 0.00000001% of what's happened in the world, but maybe 80% of how you think the world works." }, "bio": { "de": "Finanzautor, der komplexe Geldpsychologie zugänglich macht. Autor von „The Psychology of Money“, einem der meistgelesenen Bücher über persönliche Finanzen.", "en": "Financial writer known for making complex money psychology accessible. Author of “The Psychology of Money”, one of the most widely read books on personal finance." }, "context": { "de": "The Psychology of Money: Morgan Housels Essay von 2018, den er 2020 zum Buch ausbaute.", "en": "The Psychology of Money: Morgan Housel’s 2018 essay, expanded into a book in 2020." } }, { "id": "VI-2", "serie": "VI", "nr": 2, "author": "Oscar Wilde", "who": { "de": "OSCAR WILDE", "en": "OSCAR WILDE" }, "src": { "de": "THE PICTURE OF DORIAN GRAY · 1891", "en": "THE PICTURE OF DORIAN GRAY · 1891" }, "quote": { "de": "Heutzutage kennen die Leute von allem den Preis und von nichts den Wert.", "en": "Nowadays people know the price of everything and the value of nothing." }, "source": { "de": "„The Picture of Dorian Gray“ (1891), Kap. IV (Lord Henry)", "en": "“The Picture of Dorian Gray” (1891), ch. IV (Lord Henry)" }, "link": "https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/174", "question": { "de": "Was ist dir viel wert, obwohl es nichts kostet?", "en": "What is worth a lot to you even though it costs nothing?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Nowadays people know the price of everything and the value of nothing." }, "bio": { "de": "Irischer Schriftsteller (1854–1900). Meister des geschliffenen Aphorismus; sein einziger Roman „Das Bildnis des Dorian Gray“ handelt von Schönheit, Eitelkeit und dem Preis der Dinge.", "en": "Irish writer (1854–1900). A master of the polished epigram; his only novel, “The Picture of Dorian Gray”, is about beauty, vanity and the price of things." } }, { "id": "VI-3", "serie": "VI", "nr": 3, "author": "Morgan Housel", "who": { "de": "MORGAN HOUSEL", "en": "MORGAN HOUSEL" }, "src": { "de": "THE PSYCHOLOGY OF MONEY · 2020", "en": "THE PSYCHOLOGY OF MONEY · 2020" }, "quote": { "de": "Ob man mit Geld gut zurechtkommt, hat ein wenig damit zu tun, wie klug man ist, und sehr viel damit, wie man sich verhält.", "en": "Doing well with money has a little to do with how smart you are and a lot to do with how you behave." }, "source": { "de": "„The Psychology of Money“, Harriman House 2020, Einleitung", "en": "“The Psychology of Money”, Harriman House 2020, introduction" }, "link": "https://www.harriman-house.com/authors/morgan-housel/the-psychology-of-money/9780857197689", "question": { "de": "Was hilft dir bei Geld mehr: Verhalten oder Wissen?", "en": "What helps you more with money: habits or knowledge?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Doing well with money has a little to do with how smart you are and a lot to do with how you behave." }, "bio": { "de": "Finanzautor, der komplexe Geldpsychologie zugänglich macht. Autor von „The Psychology of Money“, einem der meistgelesenen Bücher über persönliche Finanzen.", "en": "Financial writer known for making complex money psychology accessible. Author of “The Psychology of Money”, one of the most widely read books on personal finance." }, "context": { "de": "The Psychology of Money: Morgan Housels Essay von 2018, den er 2020 zum Buch ausbaute.", "en": "The Psychology of Money: Morgan Housel’s 2018 essay, expanded into a book in 2020." } }, { "id": "VI-4", "serie": "VI", "nr": 4, "author": "Daniel Kahneman", "who": { "de": "DANIEL KAHNEMAN", "en": "DANIEL KAHNEMAN" }, "src": { "de": "THINKING, FAST AND SLOW · 2011", "en": "THINKING, FAST AND SLOW · 2011" }, "quote": { "de": "Wir können blind sein für das Offensichtliche, und wir sind auch blind für unsere Blindheit.", "en": "We can be blind to the obvious, and we are also blind to our blindness." }, "source": { "de": "„Thinking, Fast and Slow“, 2011, Kap. 1 „The Characters of the Story“, S. 23–24", "en": "“Thinking, Fast and Slow”, 2011, ch. 1 “The Characters of the Story”, pp. 23–24" }, "link": "https://www.penguin.co.uk/books/56314/thinking-fast-and-slow-by-kahneman-daniel/9780141033570", "question": { "de": "Wie oft merkst du erst hinterher, was offensichtlich war?", "en": "How often do you only realize afterward what was obvious?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "We can be blind to the obvious, and we are also blind to our blindness." }, "bio": { "de": "Psychologe und Nobelpreisträger (1934–2024). Autor von „Schnelles Denken, langsames Denken“. Seine Arbeit zu kognitiven Verzerrungen und Entscheidungsfindung veränderte Ökonomie und Verhaltensforschung.", "en": "Psychologist and Nobel laureate (1934–2024). Author of “Thinking, Fast and Slow”. His work on cognitive biases and decision-making reshaped economics and behavioral science." } }, { "id": "VI-5", "serie": "VI", "nr": 5, "author": "Warren Buffett", "who": { "de": "WARREN BUFFETT", "en": "WARREN BUFFETT" }, "src": { "de": "NEW YORK TIMES · 16.10.2008", "en": "THE NEW YORK TIMES · 16.10.2008" }, "quote": { "de": "Sei ängstlich, wenn andere gierig sind, und gierig, wenn andere ängstlich sind.", "en": "Be fearful when others are greedy, and be greedy when others are fearful." }, "source": { "de": "Warren Buffett, „Buy American. I Am.“, Gastbeitrag in der New York Times, 16.10.2008 (Druckausgabe 17.10.2008): „A simple rule dictates my buying: Be fearful when others are greedy, and be greedy when others are fearful.“ Gedanke zuerst im Aktionärsbrief 1986.", "en": "Warren Buffett, “Buy American. I Am.”, op-ed in The New York Times, 16 October 2008 (print edition 17 October 2008): “A simple rule dictates my buying: Be fearful when others are greedy, and be greedy when others are fearful.” Idea first in the 1986 shareholder letter." }, "link": "https://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/17/opinion/17buffett.html", "question": { "de": "Wann bist du zuletzt gegen die Stimmung gegangen?", "en": "When did you last go against the mood?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Be fearful when others are greedy, and be greedy when others are fearful." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Investor (*1930). Führte Berkshire Hathaway von 1965 bis Ende 2025. Bekannt als „Orakel von Omaha“, einer der erfolgreichsten Investoren der Geschichte. Berühmter Bitcoin-Skeptiker – nannte es „Rattengift zum Quadrat“.", "en": "American investor (b. 1930). Ran Berkshire Hathaway from 1965 until the end of 2025. Known as the “Oracle of Omaha”, one of history’s most successful investors. Famous Bitcoin skeptic who called it “rat poison squared”." } }, { "id": "VI-6", "serie": "VI", "nr": 6, "author": "Benjamin Franklin", "who": { "de": "BENJAMIN FRANKLIN", "en": "BENJAMIN FRANKLIN" }, "src": { "de": "THE WAY TO WEALTH · 1758", "en": "THE WAY TO WEALTH · 1758" }, "quote": { "de": "Hüte dich vor kleinen Ausgaben; ein kleines Leck bringt ein großes Schiff zum Sinken.", "en": "Beware of little expences; a small leak will sink a great ship." }, "source": { "de": "„The Way to Wealth“ (1758), Poor Richard", "en": "“The Way to Wealth” (1758), Poor Richard" }, "link": "https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/43855", "question": { "de": "Wie viele kleine Lecks – an Zeit, Kraft oder Geld – kennst du bei dir?", "en": "How many small leaks – of time, energy or money – do you know of in your life?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Beware of little expences; a small leak will sink a great ship." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Universalgelehrter und Gründervater (1706–1790). Staatsmann, Erfinder und Wissenschaftler, dessen Aphorismen über Sparsamkeit, Zeit und Selbstverbesserung bis heute nachwirken.", "en": "American polymath and Founding Father (1706–1790). Statesman, inventor, writer, and scientist whose aphorisms on thrift, time, and self-improvement endure to this day." } }, { "id": "VI-7", "serie": "VI", "nr": 7, "author": "Daniel Kahneman", "who": { "de": "DANIEL KAHNEMAN", "en": "DANIEL KAHNEMAN" }, "src": { "de": "EDGE · 2011", "en": "EDGE · 2011" }, "quote": { "de": "Nichts im Leben ist so wichtig, wie du denkst, während du daran denkst.", "en": "Nothing in life is as important as you think it is, while you are thinking about it." }, "source": { "de": "Edge Annual Question 2011, Beitrag „Focusing Illusion“; ebenso in „Thinking, Fast and Slow“ (2011), Kap. 38 „Thinking About Life“", "en": "Edge Annual Question 2011, contribution “Focusing Illusion”; also in “Thinking, Fast and Slow” (2011), ch. 38 “Thinking About Life”" }, "link": "https://www.edge.org/response-detail/11984", "question": { "de": "Wie viel schlimmer wirkt dein größtes Problem, als es wirklich ist?", "en": "How much worse does your biggest problem seem than it really is?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Nothing In Life Is As Important As You Think It Is, While You Are Thinking About It" }, "bio": { "de": "Psychologe und Nobelpreisträger (1934–2024). Autor von „Schnelles Denken, langsames Denken“. Seine Arbeit zu kognitiven Verzerrungen und Entscheidungsfindung veränderte Ökonomie und Verhaltensforschung.", "en": "Psychologist and Nobel laureate (1934–2024). Author of “Thinking, Fast and Slow”. His work on cognitive biases and decision-making reshaped economics and behavioral science." } }, { "id": "VI-8", "serie": "VI", "nr": 8, "author": "Warren Buffett", "who": { "de": "WARREN BUFFETT", "en": "WARREN BUFFETT" }, "src": { "de": "BERKSHIRE-AKTIONÄRSBRIEF · 1992", "en": "BERKSHIRE SHAREHOLDER LETTER · 1992" }, "quote": { "de": "Erst wenn die Ebbe kommt, sieht man, wer nackt geschwommen ist.", "en": "It’s only when the tide goes out that you learn who’s been swimming naked." }, "source": { "de": "Brief an die Aktionäre von Berkshire Hathaway, 1992 (wiederholt 2001, 2004, 2007)", "en": "Berkshire Hathaway shareholder letter, 1992 (repeated 2001, 2004, 2007)" }, "link": "https://www.berkshirehathaway.com/letters/1992.html", "question": { "de": "Wärst du angezogen, wenn das Wasser zurückgeht?", "en": "Would you be dressed when the tide goes out?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "It's only when the tide goes out that you learn who's been swimming naked." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Investor (*1930). Führte Berkshire Hathaway von 1965 bis Ende 2025. Bekannt als „Orakel von Omaha“, einer der erfolgreichsten Investoren der Geschichte. Berühmter Bitcoin-Skeptiker – nannte es „Rattengift zum Quadrat“.", "en": "American investor (b. 1930). Ran Berkshire Hathaway from 1965 until the end of 2025. Known as the “Oracle of Omaha”, one of history’s most successful investors. Famous Bitcoin skeptic who called it “rat poison squared”." }, "context": { "de": "Berkshire-Aktionärsbrief: Warren Buffetts jährlicher Brief an die Eigentümer von Berkshire Hathaway.", "en": "Berkshire shareholder letter: Warren Buffett’s annual letter to the owners of Berkshire Hathaway." } }, { "id": "VI-9", "serie": "VI", "nr": 9, "author": "Nassim Nicholas Taleb", "who": { "de": "NASSIM NICHOLAS TALEB", "en": "NASSIM NICHOLAS TALEB" }, "src": { "de": "ANTIFRAGILE · 2012", "en": "ANTIFRAGILE · 2012" }, "quote": { "de": "Das Zerbrechliche will Ruhe, das Antifragile wächst an der Unordnung, und dem Robusten ist es ziemlich egal.", "en": "The fragile wants tranquility, the antifragile grows from disorder, and the robust doesn’t care too much." }, "source": { "de": "„Antifragile“, Random House 2012, Prolog, S. 20 der US-Ausgabe", "en": "“Antifragile”, Random House 2012, prologue, p. 20 of the US edition" }, "link": "https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/176227/antifragile-by-nassim-nicholas-taleb/", "question": { "de": "Wie viel Unordnung tut dir gut?", "en": "How much disorder is good for you?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Recall that the fragile wants tranquility, the antifragile grows from disorder, and the robust doesn't care too much." }, "bio": { "de": "Libanesisch-amerikanischer Essayist und Risikoanalyst (*1960). Autor von „Der Schwarze Schwan“ (2007) und „Antifragile“ (2012). Seine Konzepte zu Zufall, Fragilität und Robustheit prägen die Bitcoin-Kultur.", "en": "Lebanese-American essayist and risk analyst (b. 1960). Author of “The Black Swan” (2007) and “Antifragile” (2012). His frameworks of randomness, fragility, and robustness deeply resonate in Bitcoin culture." }, "context": { "de": "Incerto: Talebs Buchreihe über Zufall, Risiko und Unsicherheit, darunter Antifragile (2012) und Skin in the Game (2018).", "en": "Incerto: Taleb’s book series on chance, risk and uncertainty, including Antifragile (2012) and Skin in the Game (2018)." } }, { "id": "VI-10", "serie": "VI", "nr": 10, "author": "Nassim Nicholas Taleb", "who": { "de": "NASSIM NICHOLAS TALEB", "en": "NASSIM NICHOLAS TALEB" }, "src": { "de": "SKIN IN THE GAME · 2018", "en": "SKIN IN THE GAME · 2018" }, "quote": { "de": "Nicht alles, was passiert, passiert aus einem Grund, aber alles, was überlebt, überlebt aus einem Grund.", "en": "Not everything that happens happens for a reason, but everything that survives survives for a reason." }, "source": { "de": "„Skin in the Game“, Random House 2018, Kap. 18 „How to Be Rational About Rationality“ (Schluss)", "en": "“Skin in the Game”, Random House 2018, ch. 18 “How to Be Rational About Rationality” (ending)" }, "link": "https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/537828/skin-in-the-game-by-nassim-nicholas-taleb/", "question": { "de": "Was hat bei dir alle Krisen überlebt?", "en": "What in your life has survived every crisis?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Not everything that happens happens for a reason, but everything that survives survives for a reason." }, "bio": { "de": "Libanesisch-amerikanischer Essayist und Risikoanalyst (*1960). Autor von „Der Schwarze Schwan“ (2007) und „Antifragile“ (2012). Seine Konzepte zu Zufall, Fragilität und Robustheit prägen die Bitcoin-Kultur.", "en": "Lebanese-American essayist and risk analyst (b. 1960). Author of “The Black Swan” (2007) and “Antifragile” (2012). His frameworks of randomness, fragility, and robustness deeply resonate in Bitcoin culture." }, "context": { "de": "Incerto: Talebs Buchreihe über Zufall, Risiko und Unsicherheit, darunter Antifragile (2012) und Skin in the Game (2018).", "en": "Incerto: Taleb’s book series on chance, risk and uncertainty, including Antifragile (2012) and Skin in the Game (2018)." } }, { "id": "VI-11", "serie": "VI", "nr": 11, "author": "Nassim Nicholas Taleb", "who": { "de": "NASSIM NICHOLAS TALEB", "en": "NASSIM NICHOLAS TALEB" }, "src": { "de": "SKIN IN THE GAME · 2018", "en": "SKIN IN THE GAME · 2018" }, "quote": { "de": "Narben verraten, wer etwas riskiert hat.", "en": "Scars signal skin in the game." }, "source": { "de": "„Skin in the Game“ (2018), Buch IV, Kap. 5", "en": "“Skin in the Game” (2018), book IV, ch. 5" }, "link": "https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/537828/skin-in-the-game-by-nassim-nicholas-taleb/", "question": { "de": "Auf welche Narbe bist du heute stolz?", "en": "Which scar are you proud of today?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Scars signal skin in the game." }, "bio": { "de": "Libanesisch-amerikanischer Essayist und Risikoanalyst (*1960). Autor von „Der Schwarze Schwan“ (2007) und „Antifragile“ (2012). Seine Konzepte zu Zufall, Fragilität und Robustheit prägen die Bitcoin-Kultur.", "en": "Lebanese-American essayist and risk analyst (b. 1960). Author of “The Black Swan” (2007) and “Antifragile” (2012). His frameworks of randomness, fragility, and robustness deeply resonate in Bitcoin culture." }, "context": { "de": "Incerto: Talebs Buchreihe über Zufall, Risiko und Unsicherheit, darunter Antifragile (2012) und Skin in the Game (2018).", "en": "Incerto: Taleb’s book series on chance, risk and uncertainty, including Antifragile (2012) and Skin in the Game (2018)." } }, { "id": "VI-12", "serie": "VI", "nr": 12, "author": "Prediger Salomo", "who": { "de": "PREDIGER SALOMO", "en": "ECCLESIASTES" }, "src": { "de": "PREDIGER 11,4", "en": "ECCLESIASTES 11:4" }, "quote": { "de": "Wer auf den Wind achtet, der sät nicht; und wer auf die Wolken sieht, der erntet nicht.", "en": "He that observeth the wind shall not sow; and he that regardeth the clouds shall not reap." }, "source": { "de": "Prediger 11,4, Lutherbibel 1912 (gemeinfrei); engl. King James Version", "en": "Ecclesiastes 11:4, Luther Bible 1912 (public domain); English: King James Version" }, "link": "https://ebible.org/deu1912/ECC11.htm", "question": { "de": "Wie viel Sicherheit brauchst du, bevor du etwas wagst?", "en": "How much certainty do you need before you take a risk?" }, "bio": { "de": "Kohelet, der „Prediger“, ist ein Buch der hebräischen Bibel, entstanden um das 3. Jahrhundert v. Chr. Traditionell König Salomo zugeschrieben, denkt es nüchtern über Vergänglichkeit, Arbeit und Glück nach.", "en": "Ecclesiastes (Qoheleth, “the Preacher”) is a book of the Hebrew Bible from around the 3rd century BC. Traditionally attributed to King Solomon, it reflects soberly on transience, work and happiness." } }, { "id": "VI-13", "serie": "VI", "nr": 13, "author": "Nassim Nicholas Taleb", "who": { "de": "NASSIM NICHOLAS TALEB", "en": "NASSIM NICHOLAS TALEB" }, "src": { "de": "ANTIFRAGILE · 2012", "en": "ANTIFRAGILE · 2012" }, "quote": { "de": "Wind löscht eine Kerze aus und facht ein Feuer an. … Du willst das Feuer sein und dir den Wind wünschen.", "en": "Wind extinguishes a candle and energizes fire. … You want to be the fire and wish for the wind." }, "source": { "de": "„Antifragile“, Random House 2012, Prolog, Abschn. I „How to Love the Wind“ (gekürzt)", "en": "“Antifragile”, Random House 2012, prologue, sec. I “How to Love the Wind” (abridged)" }, "link": "https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/176227/antifragile-by-nassim-nicholas-taleb/", "question": { "de": "Bist du gerade Kerze oder Feuer?", "en": "Are you a candle or a fire right now?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Wind extinguishes a candle and energizes fire. … You want to be the fire and wish for the wind." }, "bio": { "de": "Libanesisch-amerikanischer Essayist und Risikoanalyst (*1960). Autor von „Der Schwarze Schwan“ (2007) und „Antifragile“ (2012). Seine Konzepte zu Zufall, Fragilität und Robustheit prägen die Bitcoin-Kultur.", "en": "Lebanese-American essayist and risk analyst (b. 1960). Author of “The Black Swan” (2007) and “Antifragile” (2012). His frameworks of randomness, fragility, and robustness deeply resonate in Bitcoin culture." }, "context": { "de": "Incerto: Talebs Buchreihe über Zufall, Risiko und Unsicherheit, darunter Antifragile (2012) und Skin in the Game (2018).", "en": "Incerto: Taleb’s book series on chance, risk and uncertainty, including Antifragile (2012) and Skin in the Game (2018)." } }, { "id": "VI-14", "serie": "VI", "nr": 14, "author": "Louisa May Alcott", "who": { "de": "LOUISA MAY ALCOTT", "en": "LOUISA MAY ALCOTT" }, "src": { "de": "LITTLE WOMEN · 1869", "en": "LITTLE WOMEN · 1869" }, "quote": { "de": "Ich habe keine Angst vor Stürmen, denn ich lerne gerade, mein Schiff zu segeln.", "en": "I’m not afraid of storms, for I’m learning how to sail my ship." }, "source": { "de": "„Little Women“, Teil 2 (1869), Kap. 44 „My Lord and Lady“ (Amy zu Laurie)", "en": "“Little Women”, part 2 (1869), ch. 44 “My Lord and Lady” (Amy to Laurie)" }, "link": "https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/514", "question": { "de": "Wenn ein Sturm aufzieht – was tust du eher?", "en": "When a storm is coming, what do you do?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "I'm not afraid of storms, for I'm learning how to sail my ship." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanische Schriftstellerin (1832–1888). Mit „Little Women“ schrieb sie einen der meistgelesenen Romane über junge Frauen, die ihren eigenen Weg gehen.", "en": "American novelist (1832–1888). Her “Little Women” became one of the most widely read novels about young women finding their own way." } }, { "id": "VI-15", "serie": "VI", "nr": 15, "author": "Warren Buffett", "who": { "de": "WARREN BUFFETT", "en": "WARREN BUFFETT" }, "src": { "de": "BERKSHIRE-AKTIONÄRSBRIEF · 1985", "en": "BERKSHIRE SHAREHOLDER LETTER · 1985" }, "quote": { "de": "Egal wie groß Talent oder Einsatz: Manches braucht einfach Zeit. Man bekommt kein Baby in einem Monat, indem man neun Frauen schwängert.", "en": "No matter how great the talent or efforts, some things just take time: you can’t produce a baby in one month by getting nine women pregnant." }, "source": { "de": "Brief an die Aktionäre von Berkshire Hathaway, 1985", "en": "Berkshire Hathaway shareholder letter, 1985" }, "link": "https://www.berkshirehathaway.com/letters/1985.html", "question": { "de": "Wie oft versuchst du, zu beschleunigen, was einfach Zeit braucht?", "en": "How often do you try to rush what simply takes time?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "No matter how great the talent or effort, some things just take time: you can't produce a baby in one month by getting nine women pregnant." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Investor (*1930). Führte Berkshire Hathaway von 1965 bis Ende 2025. Bekannt als „Orakel von Omaha“, einer der erfolgreichsten Investoren der Geschichte. Berühmter Bitcoin-Skeptiker – nannte es „Rattengift zum Quadrat“.", "en": "American investor (b. 1930). Ran Berkshire Hathaway from 1965 until the end of 2025. Known as the “Oracle of Omaha”, one of history’s most successful investors. Famous Bitcoin skeptic who called it “rat poison squared”." }, "context": { "de": "Berkshire-Aktionärsbrief: Warren Buffetts jährlicher Brief an die Eigentümer von Berkshire Hathaway.", "en": "Berkshire shareholder letter: Warren Buffett’s annual letter to the owners of Berkshire Hathaway." } }, { "id": "VI-16", "serie": "VI", "nr": 16, "author": "Mark Twain", "who": { "de": "MARK TWAIN", "en": "MARK TWAIN" }, "src": { "de": "PUDD’NHEAD WILSON · 1894", "en": "PUDD’NHEAD WILSON · 1894" }, "quote": { "de": "Der Narr sagt: ‚Leg nicht alle Eier in einen Korb‘ – was nichts anderes heißt als: ‚Verzettle dein Geld und deine Aufmerksamkeit.‘ Der Weise aber sagt: ‚Leg alle Eier in einen Korb – und pass auf diesen Korb auf!‘", "en": "Behold, the fool saith, ‘Put not all thine eggs in the one basket’ – which is but a manner of saying, ‘Scatter your money and your attention;’ but the wise man saith, ‘Put all your eggs in the one basket and – watch that basket.’" }, "source": { "de": "„The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson“ (1894), Motto zu Kap. XV („Pudd’nhead Wilson’s Calendar“)", "en": "“The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson” (1894), epigraph to ch. XV (“Pudd’nhead Wilson’s Calendar”)" }, "link": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/102/pg102.txt", "question": { "de": "Wie viel Aufmerksamkeit schenkst du dem, was dir am meisten bedeutet?", "en": "How much attention do you give to what matters most to you?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Behold, the fool saith, \"Put not all thine eggs in the one basket\"--which is but a manner of saying, \"Scatter your money and your attention;\" but the wise man saith, \"Put all your eggs in the one basket and--watch that basket\"" }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Schriftsteller und Humorist (1835–1910). Autor von „Tom Sawyer“ und „Huckleberry Finn“; verlor als Investor selbst ein Vermögen und wusste, wovon er bei Geld sprach.", "en": "American writer and humorist (1835–1910). Author of “Tom Sawyer” and “Huckleberry Finn”; lost a fortune as an investor himself and knew what he was talking about when it came to money." } }, { "id": "VI-17", "serie": "VI", "nr": 17, "author": "Jean de La Fontaine", "who": { "de": "JEAN DE LA FONTAINE", "en": "JEAN DE LA FONTAINE" }, "src": { "de": "FABLES · 1668", "en": "FABLES · 1668" }, "quote": { "de": "Geduld und lange Zeit vermögen mehr als Kraft oder Wut.", "en": "Patience and length of time achieve more than strength or rage." }, "source": { "de": "„Fables“, Buch II, Fabel 11 „Le Lion et le Rat“ (1668), Schlussverse", "en": "“Fables”, book II, fable 11 “Le Lion et le Rat” (1668), closing lines" }, "link": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/56327/pg56327.txt", "question": { "de": "Wie oft erreichst du mit Geduld, was mit Druck nicht ging?", "en": "How often does patience get you what pressure couldn’t?" }, "original": { "lang": "fr", "text": "Patience et longueur de temps / Font plus que force ni que rage.", "layout": [ [ "C", 8, "Patience", { "col": "acc" } ], [ "I", 4, "et longueur de" ], [ "C", 8, "temps", { "col": "acc" } ], [ "R", 4, "Font plus que", { "mt": 12 } ], [ "I", 4, "force ni que rage.", { "col": "ink2" } ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Französischer Dichter (1621–1695). Seine Fabeln, oft nach Äsop, machen Tiere zu klugen Lehrern und gehören zu den meistgelesenen Texten der französischen Literatur.", "en": "French poet (1621–1695). His fables, often after Aesop, turn animals into wise teachers and are among the most widely read works of French literature." } }, { "id": "VI-18", "serie": "VI", "nr": 18, "author": "Søren Kierkegaard", "who": { "de": "SØREN KIERKEGAARD", "en": "SØREN KIERKEGAARD" }, "src": { "de": "ENTWEDER – ODER · 1843", "en": "EITHER/OR · 1843" }, "quote": { "de": "Von allen lächerlichen Dingen scheint mir das allerlächerlichste, in der Welt geschäftig zu sein, ein Mann zu sein, der flink bei seinem Essen und flink bei seiner Arbeit ist.", "en": "Of all ridiculous things, the most ridiculous seems to me to be busy in the world – to be a man who is quick to his meals and quick to his work." }, "source": { "de": "„Enten – Eller“, Teil 1 (1843), „Diapsalmata“", "en": "“Either/Or” (Enten – Eller), part 1 (1843), “Diapsalmata”" }, "link": "https://tekster.kb.dk/text/sks-ee1-txt-root.pdf", "question": { "de": "Wie schwer fällt dir das Stillsitzen?", "en": "How hard is it for you to sit tight?" }, "original": { "lang": "da", "text": "Af alle latterlige Ting forekommer det mig at være det allerlatterligste at have travlt i Verden, at være en Mand, der er rask til sin Mad og rask til sin Gjerning.", "layout": [ [ "R", 3, "Af alle latterlige Ting forekommer det mig at være det", { "col": "ink2" } ], [ "C", 6, "allerlatterligste", { "mt": 2 } ], [ "I", 4, "at have", { "mt": 8 } ], [ "C", 8, "travlt", { "col": "acc" } ], [ "R", 3, "i Verden, at være en Mand, der er rask til sin Mad og rask til sin Gjerning.", { "col": "ink2", "mt": 8 } ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Dänischer Philosoph und Theologe (1813–1855). Gilt als Vater des Existenzialismus; schrieb unter vielen Pseudonymen über Angst, Entscheidung und das Leben des Einzelnen.", "en": "Danish philosopher and theologian (1813–1855). Regarded as the father of existentialism; wrote under many pseudonyms about anxiety, choice and the life of the individual." } }, { "id": "VI-19", "serie": "VI", "nr": 19, "author": "Morgan Housel", "who": { "de": "MORGAN HOUSEL", "en": "MORGAN HOUSEL" }, "src": { "de": "THE PSYCHOLOGY OF MONEY · 2020", "en": "THE PSYCHOLOGY OF MONEY · 2020" }, "quote": { "de": "Der größte innere Wert des Geldes – und das kann man nicht genug betonen – ist, dass es dir die Kontrolle über deine Zeit gibt.", "en": "Money’s greatest intrinsic value — and this can’t be overstated — is its ability to give you control over your time." }, "source": { "de": "„The Psychology of Money“, Harriman House 2020, Kap. 7 „Freedom“", "en": "“The Psychology of Money”, Harriman House 2020, ch. 7 “Freedom”" }, "link": "https://www.harriman-house.com/authors/morgan-housel/the-psychology-of-money/9780857197689", "question": { "de": "Wem gehört deine Zeit gerade?", "en": "Who owns your time right now?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Money's greatest intrinsic value — and this can't be overstated — is its ability to give you control over your time." }, "bio": { "de": "Finanzautor, der komplexe Geldpsychologie zugänglich macht. Autor von „The Psychology of Money“, einem der meistgelesenen Bücher über persönliche Finanzen.", "en": "Financial writer known for making complex money psychology accessible. Author of “The Psychology of Money”, one of the most widely read books on personal finance." }, "context": { "de": "The Psychology of Money: Morgan Housels Essay von 2018, den er 2020 zum Buch ausbaute.", "en": "The Psychology of Money: Morgan Housel’s 2018 essay, expanded into a book in 2020." } }, { "id": "VI-20", "serie": "VI", "nr": 20, "author": "Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach", "who": { "de": "MARIE VON EBNER-ESCHENBACH", "en": "MARIE VON EBNER-ESCHENBACH" }, "src": { "de": "APHORISMEN · 1880", "en": "APHORISMS · 1880" }, "quote": { "de": "Wenn die Zeit kommt, in der man könnte, ist die vorüber, in der man kann.", "en": "When the time comes when one could, the time when one can has passed." }, "source": { "de": "„Aphorismen“, Drittes Hundert, Nr. 15; Gesammelte Schriften, Bd. 1, Berlin: Gebrüder Paetel 1893", "en": "“Aphorisms” (Aphorismen), third hundred, no. 15; Collected Writings (Gesammelte Schriften), vol. 1, Berlin: Gebrüder Paetel 1893" }, "link": "https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/77889", "question": { "de": "Wie viel tust du jetzt, solange du es noch kannst?", "en": "How much are you doing now, while you still can?" }, "bio": { "de": "Österreichische Schriftstellerin (1830–1916). Eine der bedeutendsten Erzählerinnen des 19. Jahrhunderts; ihre Aphorismen gehören zu den meistzitierten der deutschen Sprache.", "en": "Austrian writer (1830–1916). One of the most important storytellers of the 19th century; her aphorisms are among the most quoted in the German language." } }, { "id": "VI-21", "serie": "VI", "nr": 21, "author": "Nassim Nicholas Taleb", "who": { "de": "NASSIM NICHOLAS TALEB", "en": "NASSIM NICHOLAS TALEB" }, "src": { "de": "SKIN IN THE GAME · 2018", "en": "SKIN IN THE GAME · 2018" }, "quote": { "de": "Ein freier Mensch lässt sich genau so bestimmen: als jemand, dessen Schicksal nicht zentral oder direkt vom Urteil seinesgleichen abhängt.", "en": "You can define a free person precisely as someone whose fate is not centrally or directly dependent on peer assessment." }, "source": { "de": "„Skin in the Game“, Random House 2018, Kap. 7 „Inequality and Skin in the Game“", "en": "“Skin in the Game”, Random House 2018, ch. 7 “Inequality and Skin in the Game”" }, "link": "https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/537828/skin-in-the-game-by-nassim-nicholas-taleb/", "question": { "de": "Wie sehr hängst du am Urteil anderer?", "en": "How much do you hang on other people’s judgment?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "You can define a free person precisely as someone whose fate is not centrally or directly dependent on peer assessment." }, "bio": { "de": "Libanesisch-amerikanischer Essayist und Risikoanalyst (*1960). Autor von „Der Schwarze Schwan“ (2007) und „Antifragile“ (2012). Seine Konzepte zu Zufall, Fragilität und Robustheit prägen die Bitcoin-Kultur.", "en": "Lebanese-American essayist and risk analyst (b. 1960). Author of “The Black Swan” (2007) and “Antifragile” (2012). His frameworks of randomness, fragility, and robustness deeply resonate in Bitcoin culture." }, "context": { "de": "Incerto: Talebs Buchreihe über Zufall, Risiko und Unsicherheit, darunter Antifragile (2012) und Skin in the Game (2018).", "en": "Incerto: Taleb’s book series on chance, risk and uncertainty, including Antifragile (2012) and Skin in the Game (2018)." } }, { "id": "VII-1", "serie": "VII", "nr": 1, "author": "Jameson Lopp", "who": { "de": "JAMESON LOPP", "en": "JAMESON LOPP" }, "src": { "de": "NOBODY UNDERSTANDS BITCOIN · 2017", "en": "NOBODY UNDERSTANDS BITCOIN · 2017" }, "quote": { "de": "Ich betrachte mich immer noch als Schüler – ich habe noch nicht herausgefunden, wie tief der Kaninchenbau geht.", "en": "I still consider myself a student — I have yet to determine how deep the rabbit hole goes." }, "source": { "de": "„Nobody Understands Bitcoin (And That’s OK)“, blog.lopp.net, 11.03.2017", "en": "“Nobody Understands Bitcoin (And That’s OK)”, blog.lopp.net, 11 March 2017" }, "link": "https://blog.lopp.net/nobody-understands-bitcoin-and-thats-ok/", "question": { "de": "Wo im Kaninchenbau stehst du gerade?", "en": "Where in the rabbit hole are you right now?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "I still consider myself a student — I have yet to determine how deep the rabbit hole goes." }, "bio": { "de": "Bitcoin-Entwickler und Sicherheitsexperte, bekannt für seine Arbeit zu Self-Custody, persönlicher Souveränität und Bitcoin-Infrastruktur.", "en": "Bitcoin developer and security expert known for his work on self-custody, personal sovereignty, and Bitcoin infrastructure." } }, { "id": "VII-2", "serie": "VII", "nr": 2, "author": "Lewis Carroll", "who": { "de": "LEWIS CARROLL", "en": "LEWIS CARROLL" }, "src": { "de": "ALICE IM WUNDERLAND · 1865", "en": "ALICE’S ADVENTURES IN WONDERLAND · 1865" }, "quote": { "de": "Es hat keinen Sinn, zum Gestern zurückzukehren, denn da war ich ein anderer Mensch.", "en": "It’s no use going back to yesterday, because I was a different person then." }, "source": { "de": "„Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland“ (1865), Kap. X „The Lobster Quadrille“; Alice zur Falschen Suppenschildkröte", "en": "“Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland” (1865), ch. X “The Lobster Quadrille”; Alice to the Mock Turtle" }, "link": "https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/11", "question": { "de": "Würdest du zu deinem Ich von gestern zurückwollen?", "en": "Would you want to go back to who you were yesterday?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "It's no use going back to yesterday, because I was a different person then." }, "bio": { "de": "Englischer Schriftsteller und Mathematiker (1832–1898). Schrieb „Alice im Wunderland“, die Geschichte vom Sturz in den Kaninchenbau, der dieser Serie ihren Namen gibt.", "en": "English writer and mathematician (1832–1898). Wrote “Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland”, the tale of the fall down the rabbit hole that gives this series its name." } }, { "id": "VII-3", "serie": "VII", "nr": 3, "author": "Gigi", "who": { "de": "GIGI", "en": "GIGI" }, "src": { "de": "21 LESSONS · 2019", "en": "21 LESSONS · 2019" }, "quote": { "de": "Bitcoin hat mich gelehrt, dass ich über fast alles sehr wenig weiß.", "en": "Bitcoin taught me that I know very little about almost anything." }, "source": { "de": "„21 Lessons“ (2019), Lesson 7 „The limits of knowledge“", "en": "“21 Lessons” (2019), Lesson 7 “The limits of knowledge”" }, "link": "https://21lessons.com/7/", "question": { "de": "Wie oft sagst du ehrlich: „Das weiß ich nicht“?", "en": "How often do you honestly say, “I don’t know”?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Bitcoin taught me that I know very little about almost anything." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer österreichischer Bitcoin-Autor und Philosoph. Autor von „21 Lessons“, einer vielgelesenen Reflexion darüber, was Bitcoin über Geld, Technologie und das Leben lehrt.", "en": "Pseudonymous Austrian Bitcoin writer and philosopher. Author of “21 Lessons”, a widely read reflection on what Bitcoin teaches about money, technology, and life." }, "context": { "de": "21 Lessons: Gigis Buch über das, was er im Bitcoin-Kaninchenbau gelernt hat; frei online lesbar.", "en": "21 Lessons: Gigi’s book on what he learned down the Bitcoin rabbit hole, free to read online." } }, { "id": "VII-4", "serie": "VII", "nr": 4, "author": "Andreas M. Antonopoulos", "who": { "de": "ANDREAS M. ANTONOPOULOS", "en": "ANDREAS M. ANTONOPOULOS" }, "src": { "de": "WIRED MONEY · 2015", "en": "WIRED MONEY · 2015" }, "quote": { "de": "Bitcoin ist nicht bloß eine kleine, schrittweise Verbesserung, und es ist auch kein Zahlungsnetzwerk. Bitcoin ist eine der grundlegendsten Umwälzungen dessen, worauf Geld beruht.", "en": "Bitcoin is not just a minor incremental change, it’s not a payments network. Bitcoin is one of the most fundamental transformations on the basis of money." }, "source": { "de": "Wired Money, London 2015, Talk „Bitcoin Is The Real Disruptor“ (Transkript auf WeUseCoins, 17.07.2015)", "en": "Wired Money, London 2015, talk “Bitcoin Is The Real Disruptor” (transcript at WeUseCoins, 17 July 2015)" }, "link": "https://www.weusecoins.com/video-btc-real-disruptor/", "question": { "de": "Wie oft hast du dich schon gefragt, worauf Geld eigentlich beruht?", "en": "How often have you wondered what money is actually based on?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Bitcoin is not just a minor incremental change, it's not a payments network. Bitcoin is one of the most fundamental transformations on the basis of money." }, "bio": { "de": "Bitcoin-Erklärer und Autor von „Mastering Bitcoin“ und „The Internet of Money“. Eine der wichtigsten Stimmen von Bitcoin in den frühen Jahren.", "en": "Bitcoin educator and author of “Mastering Bitcoin” and “The Internet of Money”. One of the most important teachers in Bitcoin’s early years." } }, { "id": "VII-5", "serie": "VII", "nr": 5, "author": "Martti Malmi", "who": { "de": "MARTTI MALMI", "en": "MARTTI MALMI" }, "src": { "de": "E-MAIL AN SATOSHI · 2009", "en": "EMAIL TO SATOSHI · 2009" }, "quote": { "de": "… ich würde gern bei Bitcoin helfen, wenn es irgendetwas gibt, das ich tun kann.", "en": "… I would like to help with Bitcoin, if there’s something I can do." }, "source": { "de": "Erste E-Mail an Satoshi Nakamoto (undatiert, vor dem 02.05.2009; zitiert in Satoshis Antwort vom 02.05.2009, von Malmi veröffentlicht)", "en": "First email to Satoshi Nakamoto (undated, before 2 May 2009; quoted in Satoshi’s reply of 2 May 2009, published by Malmi)" }, "link": "https://mmalmi.github.io/satoshi/", "question": { "de": "Wie oft bietest du deine Hilfe an, bevor jemand fragt?", "en": "How often do you offer help before anyone asks?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "… I would like to help with Bitcoin, if there's something I can do." }, "bio": { "de": "Finnischer Informatiker. Schrieb Satoshi im Mai 2009 als Student an, wurde einer der ersten Bitcoin-Entwickler und betreute die Website bitcoin.org und das erste Bitcoin-Forum.", "en": "Finnish computer scientist. Wrote to Satoshi as a student in May 2009, became one of the first Bitcoin developers and looked after the bitcoin.org website and the first Bitcoin forum." } }, { "id": "VII-6", "serie": "VII", "nr": 6, "author": "Andreas M. Antonopoulos", "who": { "de": "ANDREAS M. ANTONOPOULOS", "en": "ANDREAS M. ANTONOPOULOS" }, "src": { "de": "MASTERING BITCOIN · 2017", "en": "MASTERING BITCOIN · 2017" }, "quote": { "de": "Wie eine Ameisenkolonie ist das Bitcoin-Netzwerk ein widerstandsfähiges Netz einfacher Knoten, die einfachen Regeln folgen und gemeinsam Erstaunliches vollbringen – ganz ohne zentrale Steuerung.", "en": "Like an ant colony, the Bitcoin network is a resilient network of simple nodes following simple rules that together can do amazing things without any central coordination." }, "source": { "de": "„Mastering Bitcoin“, 2. Aufl. (2017), Vorwort, Abschnitt „Why Are There Bugs on the Cover?“", "en": "“Mastering Bitcoin”, 2nd ed. (2017), preface, section “Why Are There Bugs on the Cover?”" }, "link": "https://github.com/bitcoinbook/bitcoinbook/blob/second_edition_print3/preface.asciidoc", "question": { "de": "Wie viel erreichst du mit anderen, ohne dass einer den Ton angibt?", "en": "How much do you achieve with others when no one is in charge?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Like an ant colony, the bitcoin network is a resilient network of simple nodes following simple rules that together can do amazing things without any central coordination." }, "bio": { "de": "Bitcoin-Erklärer und Autor von „Mastering Bitcoin“ und „The Internet of Money“. Eine der wichtigsten Stimmen von Bitcoin in den frühen Jahren.", "en": "Bitcoin educator and author of “Mastering Bitcoin” and “The Internet of Money”. One of the most important teachers in Bitcoin’s early years." } }, { "id": "VII-7", "serie": "VII", "nr": 7, "author": "GameKyuubi", "who": { "de": "GAMEKYUUBI", "en": "GAMEKYUUBI" }, "src": { "de": "BITCOINTALK · 18.12.2013", "en": "BITCOINTALK · 18.12.2013" }, "quote": { "de": "I AM HODLING … WARUM HALTE ICH? ICH SAG’S EUCH. Weil ich ein schlechter Trader bin und ICH WEISS, DASS ICH EIN SCHLECHTER TRADER BIN.", "en": "I AM HODLING … WHY AM I HOLDING? I’LL TELL YOU WHY. It’s because I’m a bad trader and I KNOW I’M A BAD TRADER." }, "source": { "de": "BitcoinTalk, „I AM HODLING“, 18.12.2013", "en": "BitcoinTalk, “I AM HODLING”, 18 December 2013" }, "link": "https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=375643.0", "question": { "de": "Wie gut kennst du deine eigenen Schwächen?", "en": "How well do you know your own weaknesses?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "I AM HODLING — WHY AM I HOLDING? I'LL TELL YOU WHY. It's because I'm a bad trader and I KNOW I'M A BAD TRADER." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer BitcoinTalk-Nutzer, dessen Beitrag „I AM HODLING“ von 2013 unbeabsichtigt einen der langlebigsten Begriffe der Bitcoin-Kultur prägte.", "en": "Pseudonymous BitcoinTalk user whose 2013 post “I AM HODLING” accidentally created one of the most enduring terms in Bitcoin culture." }, "context": { "de": "Bitcointalk: das Forum, das Satoshi im November 2009 eröffnet hat, um über Bitcoin zu sprechen.", "en": "Bitcointalk: the forum Satoshi opened in November 2009 to talk about Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "VII-8", "serie": "VII", "nr": 8, "author": "Nick Szabo", "who": { "de": "NICK SZABO", "en": "NICK SZABO" }, "src": { "de": "UNENUMERATED · 2017", "en": "UNENUMERATED · 2017" }, "quote": { "de": "Gewöhnliche Computer sind rechnende Zaubertafeln; Blockchains sind rechnender Bernstein.", "en": "Typical computers are computational etch-a-sketch, while blockchains are computational amber." }, "source": { "de": "„Money, blockchains, and social scalability“, Blog Unenumerated, Februar 2017", "en": "“Money, blockchains, and social scalability”, Unenumerated blog, February 2017" }, "link": "http://unenumerated.blogspot.com/2017/02/money-blockchains-and-social-scalability.html", "question": { "de": "Was ist dir lieber: Dinge, die man ändern kann, oder Dinge, die für immer gelten?", "en": "What do you prefer: things that can change or things that last forever?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Typical computers are computational etch-a-sketch, while blockchains are computational amber." }, "bio": { "de": "Informatiker, Rechtsgelehrter und einer der wichtigsten intellektuellen Vorläufer von Bitcoin. Schuf Bit Gold und prägte den Begriff „Smart Contracts“.", "en": "Computer scientist, legal scholar, and one of the key intellectual precursors to Bitcoin. Created Bit Gold and coined the term “smart contracts”." } }, { "id": "VII-9", "serie": "VII", "nr": 9, "author": "Gigi", "who": { "de": "GIGI", "en": "GIGI" }, "src": { "de": "21 LESSONS · 2019", "en": "21 LESSONS · 2019" }, "quote": { "de": "Bei Bitcoin geht es nicht um Rechenleistung. Es geht darum, sich unabhängig voneinander auf die Reihenfolge der Dinge zu einigen.", "en": "Bitcoin isn’t about computation. It is about independently agreeing on the order of things." }, "source": { "de": "„21 Lessons“ (2019), Teil III „Technology“, Lesson 17 „Telling time takes work“", "en": "“21 Lessons” (2019), part III “Technology”, Lesson 17 “Telling time takes work”" }, "link": "https://21lessons.com/17/", "question": { "de": "Wie leicht einigst du dich mit anderen darauf, was wirklich geschehen ist?", "en": "How easily do you agree with others on what really happened?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "But Bitcoin isn't about computation. It is about independently agreeing on the order of things." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer österreichischer Bitcoin-Autor und Philosoph. Autor von „21 Lessons“, einer vielgelesenen Reflexion darüber, was Bitcoin über Geld, Technologie und das Leben lehrt.", "en": "Pseudonymous Austrian Bitcoin writer and philosopher. Author of “21 Lessons”, a widely read reflection on what Bitcoin teaches about money, technology, and life." }, "context": { "de": "21 Lessons: Gigis Buch über das, was er im Bitcoin-Kaninchenbau gelernt hat; frei online lesbar.", "en": "21 Lessons: Gigi’s book on what he learned down the Bitcoin rabbit hole, free to read online." } }, { "id": "VII-10", "serie": "VII", "nr": 10, "author": "Edsger W. Dijkstra", "who": { "de": "EDSGER W. DIJKSTRA", "en": "EDSGER W. DIJKSTRA" }, "src": { "de": "EWD498 · 1975", "en": "EWD498 · 1975" }, "quote": { "de": "Einfachheit ist die Voraussetzung für Verlässlichkeit.", "en": "Simplicity is prerequisite for reliability." }, "source": { "de": "EWD498 „How do we tell truths that might hurt?“ (1975), handschriftliche Randnotiz", "en": "EWD498 “How do we tell truths that might hurt?” (1975), handwritten marginal note" }, "link": "https://www.cs.utexas.edu/~EWD/ewd04xx/EWD498.PDF", "question": { "de": "Was in deinem Leben wäre verlässlicher, wenn es einfacher wäre?", "en": "What in your life would be more reliable if it were simpler?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Simplicity is prerequisite for reliability." }, "bio": { "de": "Niederländischer Informatiker (1930–2002) und Turing-Preisträger. Pionier der strukturierten Programmierung und verteilter Systeme, bekannt für seine scharfen handschriftlichen Notizen.", "en": "Dutch computer scientist (1930–2002) and Turing Award winner. Pioneer of structured programming and distributed systems, known for his sharp handwritten notes." } }, { "id": "VII-11", "serie": "VII", "nr": 11, "author": "Andreas M. Antonopoulos", "who": { "de": "ANDREAS M. ANTONOPOULOS", "en": "ANDREAS M. ANTONOPOULOS" }, "src": { "de": "MASTERING BITCOIN · 2023", "en": "MASTERING BITCOIN · 2023" }, "quote": { "de": "Nicht deine Schlüssel, nicht deine Coins.", "en": "Not your keys, not your coins." }, "source": { "de": "„Mastering Bitcoin“, 3. Aufl. (2023), Kap. 1 – „I (Andreas) coined the phrase: Your keys, your coins. Not your keys, not your coins.“", "en": "“Mastering Bitcoin”, 3rd ed. (2023), ch. 1 – “I (Andreas) coined the phrase: Your keys, your coins. Not your keys, not your coins.”" }, "link": "https://github.com/bitcoinbook/bitcoinbook/blob/third_edition_print1/ch01_intro.adoc#L245", "question": { "de": "Wie viel von deinem digitalen Leben – Fotos, Daten, Konten – liegt in fremden Händen?", "en": "How much of your digital life – photos, data, accounts – is in other hands?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Not your keys, not your coins." }, "bio": { "de": "Bitcoin-Erklärer und Autor von „Mastering Bitcoin“ und „The Internet of Money“. Eine der wichtigsten Stimmen von Bitcoin in den frühen Jahren.", "en": "Bitcoin educator and author of “Mastering Bitcoin” and “The Internet of Money”. One of the most important teachers in Bitcoin’s early years." } }, { "id": "VII-12", "serie": "VII", "nr": 12, "author": "Gigi", "who": { "de": "GIGI", "en": "GIGI" }, "src": { "de": "BITCOIN IS TIME · 14.01.2021", "en": "BITCOIN IS TIME · 14.01.2021" }, "quote": { "de": "Satoshi hat ein System gebaut, das regelbrechende Kopien vollkommen und restlos nutzlos macht.", "en": "Satoshi managed to build a system that makes rule-breaking copies completely and utterly useless." }, "source": { "de": "„Bitcoin Is Time“, Essay, dergigi.com, 14.01.2021", "en": "“Bitcoin Is Time”, essay, dergigi.com, 14 January 2021" }, "link": "https://dergigi.com/2021/01/14/bitcoin-is-time/", "question": { "de": "Wie viel ist dir eine Kopie wert, wenn es das Original gibt?", "en": "How much is a copy worth to you when the original exists?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "However, Satoshi managed to build a system that makes rule-breaking copies completely and utterly useless." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer österreichischer Bitcoin-Autor und Philosoph. Autor von „21 Lessons“, einer vielgelesenen Reflexion darüber, was Bitcoin über Geld, Technologie und das Leben lehrt.", "en": "Pseudonymous Austrian Bitcoin writer and philosopher. Author of “21 Lessons”, a widely read reflection on what Bitcoin teaches about money, technology, and life." } }, { "id": "VII-13", "serie": "VII", "nr": 13, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "BITCOIN-WHITEPAPER · 31.10.2008", "en": "BITCOIN WHITEPAPER · 31.10.2008" }, "quote": { "de": "Die Öffentlichkeit sieht, dass jemand einen Betrag an jemand anderen schickt, aber ohne Information, die die Transaktion mit einer Person verknüpft.", "en": "The public can see that someone is sending an amount to someone else, but without information linking the transaction to anyone." }, "source": { "de": "„Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ (Whitepaper), 31.10.2008, Kap. 10 „Privacy“", "en": "“Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” (whitepaper), 31 October 2008, ch. 10 “Privacy”" }, "link": "https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf", "question": { "de": "Wie viel könnte ein Fremder aus deinen Zahlungen über dich herauslesen?", "en": "How much could a stranger learn about you from your payments?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "The public can see that someone is sending an amount to someone else, but without information linking the transaction to anyone." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "Bitcoin-Whitepaper: Satoshis neunseitiger Entwurf für elektronisches Bargeld ohne Mittelsmann, veröffentlicht am 31.10.2008.", "en": "The Bitcoin whitepaper: Satoshi’s nine-page design for electronic cash without a middleman, published on 31 October 2008." } }, { "id": "VII-14", "serie": "VII", "nr": 14, "author": "Gigi", "who": { "de": "GIGI", "en": "GIGI" }, "src": { "de": "21 LESSONS · 2019", "en": "21 LESSONS · 2019" }, "quote": { "de": "Keine zentrale Kontrolle. Keine zentrale Autorität. Kein Erfinder. Niemand, den man verfolgen, foltern, erpressen oder nötigen könnte. Eine unbefleckte Empfängnis der Technologie.", "en": "No centralized control. No centralized authority. No inventor. No-one to prosecute, torture, blackmail, or extort. An immaculate conception of technology." }, "source": { "de": "„21 Lessons“ (2019), Teil I „Philosophy“, Lesson 5 „An immaculate conception“", "en": "“21 Lessons” (2019), part I “Philosophy”, Lesson 5 “An immaculate conception”" }, "link": "https://21lessons.com/5/", "question": { "de": "Wie viel von dem, was du schätzt, hat keinen erkennbaren Erfinder?", "en": "How much of what you value has no known inventor?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "No centralized control. No centralized authority. No inventor. No-one to prosecute, torture, blackmail, or extort. An immaculate conception of technology." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer österreichischer Bitcoin-Autor und Philosoph. Autor von „21 Lessons“, einer vielgelesenen Reflexion darüber, was Bitcoin über Geld, Technologie und das Leben lehrt.", "en": "Pseudonymous Austrian Bitcoin writer and philosopher. Author of “21 Lessons”, a widely read reflection on what Bitcoin teaches about money, technology, and life." }, "context": { "de": "21 Lessons: Gigis Buch über das, was er im Bitcoin-Kaninchenbau gelernt hat; frei online lesbar.", "en": "21 Lessons: Gigi’s book on what he learned down the Bitcoin rabbit hole, free to read online." } }, { "id": "VII-15", "serie": "VII", "nr": 15, "author": "Lyn Alden", "who": { "de": "LYN ALDEN", "en": "LYN ALDEN" }, "src": { "de": "WHAT IS MONEY, ANYWAY? · 2022", "en": "WHAT IS MONEY, ANYWAY? · 2022" }, "quote": { "de": "In Jahrtausenden Menschheitsgeschichte hat die ganze Welt noch nie ein Geld benutzt, das keine Ressourcen kostet und keiner Begrenzung unterliegt.", "en": "Never before, in thousands of years of human history, has the entire world been using a money that has no resource cost or constraint." }, "source": { "de": "„What is Money, Anyway?“, lynalden.com, 06.03.2022", "en": "“What is Money, Anyway?”, lynalden.com, 6 March 2022" }, "link": "https://www.lynalden.com/what-is-money/", "question": { "de": "Wie viel ist dir etwas wert, das unbegrenzt nachkommt?", "en": "How much do you value something there’s an endless supply of?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Never before, in thousands of years of human history, has the entire world been using a money that has no resource cost or constraint." }, "bio": { "de": "Makroanalystin und Investmentstrategin, bekannt für ihre klare und präzise Geldanalyse rund um Bitcoin. Autorin von „Broken Money“.", "en": "Macro analyst and investment strategist known for bringing clear, rigorous monetary analysis to Bitcoin. Author of “Broken Money”." } }, { "id": "VII-16", "serie": "VII", "nr": 16, "author": "Bruce Schneier", "who": { "de": "BRUCE SCHNEIER", "en": "BRUCE SCHNEIER" }, "src": { "de": "CRYPTO-GRAM · 15.05.2000", "en": "CRYPTO-GRAM · 15.05.2000" }, "quote": { "de": "Sicherheit ist ein Prozess, kein Produkt.", "en": "Security is a process, not a product." }, "source": { "de": "Crypto-Gram Newsletter, 15.05.2000, Beitrag „Computer Security: Will We Ever Learn?“", "en": "Crypto-Gram newsletter, 15 May 2000, article “Computer Security: Will We Ever Learn?”" }, "link": "https://www.schneier.com/crypto-gram/archives/2000/0515.html", "question": { "de": "Wie oft prüfst du, ob deine Schutzvorkehrungen noch taugen?", "en": "How often do you check that your safeguards still hold up?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Security is a process, not a product." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Kryptograf und Sicherheitsexperte (*1963). Autor von „Applied Cryptography“ und des Newsletters „Crypto-Gram“; eine der bekanntesten Stimmen zu Sicherheit und Privatsphäre.", "en": "American cryptographer and security expert (b. 1963). Author of “Applied Cryptography” and the “Crypto-Gram” newsletter; one of the best-known voices on security and privacy." } }, { "id": "VII-17", "serie": "VII", "nr": 17, "author": "Steven Levy", "who": { "de": "STEVEN LEVY", "en": "STEVEN LEVY" }, "src": { "de": "HACKERS · 1984", "en": "HACKERS · 1984" }, "quote": { "de": "Misstraue Autoritäten – fördere Dezentralisierung.", "en": "Mistrust authority – promote decentralization." }, "source": { "de": "„Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution“ (1984), Kap. 2 „The Hacker Ethic“", "en": "“Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution” (1984), ch. 2 “The Hacker Ethic”" }, "link": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/729/pg729.txt", "question": { "de": "Wie viel regelst du lieber selbst, statt es zentral regeln zu lassen?", "en": "How much would you rather handle yourself than have it run centrally?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "MISTRUST AUTHORITY--PROMOTE DECENTRALIZATION." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Technikjournalist (*1951). Sein Buch „Hackers“ (1984) erzählte als erstes die Geschichte der Hackerkultur und formulierte ihre Ethik; 2001 folgte „Crypto“ über die Cypherpunks.", "en": "American technology journalist (b. 1951). His book “Hackers” (1984) was the first to tell the story of hacker culture and set out its ethic; “Crypto”, about the cypherpunks, followed in 2001." } }, { "id": "VII-18", "serie": "VII", "nr": 18, "author": "Gigi", "who": { "de": "GIGI", "en": "GIGI" }, "src": { "de": "21 LESSONS · 2019", "en": "21 LESSONS · 2019" }, "quote": { "de": "Bitcoin hat mich gelehrt, dass langsames Vorankommen eines seiner Features ist, kein Bug.", "en": "Bitcoin taught me that moving slowly is one of its features, not a bug." }, "source": { "de": "„21 Lessons“ (2019), Lesson 18 „Move slowly and don’t break things“", "en": "“21 Lessons” (2019), Lesson 18 “Move slowly and don’t break things”" }, "link": "https://21lessons.com/18/", "question": { "de": "Wo wäre bei dir langsamer besser?", "en": "Where would slower be better for you?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Bitcoin taught me that moving slowly is one of its features, not a bug." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer österreichischer Bitcoin-Autor und Philosoph. Autor von „21 Lessons“, einer vielgelesenen Reflexion darüber, was Bitcoin über Geld, Technologie und das Leben lehrt.", "en": "Pseudonymous Austrian Bitcoin writer and philosopher. Author of “21 Lessons”, a widely read reflection on what Bitcoin teaches about money, technology, and life." }, "context": { "de": "21 Lessons: Gigis Buch über das, was er im Bitcoin-Kaninchenbau gelernt hat; frei online lesbar.", "en": "21 Lessons: Gigi’s book on what he learned down the Bitcoin rabbit hole, free to read online." } }, { "id": "VII-19", "serie": "VII", "nr": 19, "author": "Jameson Lopp", "who": { "de": "JAMESON LOPP", "en": "JAMESON LOPP" }, "src": { "de": "TWITTER @LOPP · 11.09.2019", "en": "TWITTER @LOPP · 11.09.2019" }, "quote": { "de": "Bitcoin ist kein Plan, schnell reich zu werden, sondern einer, nicht langsam arm zu werden.", "en": "Bitcoin isn’t a get rich quick scheme, it’s a don’t get poor slowly scheme." }, "source": { "de": "Twitter @lopp, 11.09.2019, 18:04 UTC (heute X)", "en": "Twitter @lopp, 11 September 2019, 18:04 UTC (now X)" }, "link": "https://x.com/lopp/status/1171847107243859968", "question": { "de": "Was ist dir wichtiger: schnell vorankommen oder nichts verlieren?", "en": "What matters more: getting ahead fast or not losing anything?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Bitcoin isn't a get rich quick scheme, it's a don't get poor slowly scheme." }, "bio": { "de": "Bitcoin-Entwickler und Sicherheitsexperte, bekannt für seine Arbeit zu Self-Custody, persönlicher Souveränität und Bitcoin-Infrastruktur.", "en": "Bitcoin developer and security expert known for his work on self-custody, personal sovereignty, and Bitcoin infrastructure." }, "context": { "de": "Twitter, heute X: der Kurznachrichtendienst, auf dem Jameson Lopp diesen Satz im September 2019 schrieb.", "en": "Twitter, now X: the short-message service where Jameson Lopp wrote this line in September 2019." } }, { "id": "VII-20", "serie": "VII", "nr": 20, "author": "John Perry Barlow", "who": { "de": "JOHN PERRY BARLOW", "en": "JOHN PERRY BARLOW" }, "src": { "de": "UNABHÄNGIGKEITSERKLÄRUNG · 1996", "en": "CYBERSPACE INDEPENDENCE · 1996" }, "quote": { "de": "Wir werden im Cyberspace eine Zivilisation des Geistes erschaffen. Möge sie menschlicher und gerechter sein als die Welt, die eure Regierungen bisher gemacht haben.", "en": "We will create a civilization of the Mind in Cyberspace. May it be more humane and fair than the world your governments have made before." }, "source": { "de": "„A Declaration of the Independence of Cyberspace“, Davos, 08.02.1996, Schlusssätze", "en": "“A Declaration of the Independence of Cyberspace”, Davos, 8 February 1996, closing sentences" }, "link": "https://www.eff.org/cyberspace-independence", "question": { "de": "Wie viel Hoffnung setzt du in das, was Menschen im Netz gemeinsam bauen?", "en": "How much hope do you place in what people build together online?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "We will create a civilization of the Mind in Cyberspace. May it be more humane and fair than the world your governments have made before." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Songtexter der Grateful Dead und Internetaktivist (1947–2018). Mitbegründer der Electronic Frontier Foundation; seine Unabhängigkeitserklärung des Cyberspace wurde zum Manifest des frühen Netzes.", "en": "American Grateful Dead lyricist and internet activist (1947–2018). Co-founder of the Electronic Frontier Foundation; his Declaration of the Independence of Cyberspace became the manifesto of the early web." } }, { "id": "VII-21", "serie": "VII", "nr": 21, "author": "Gigi", "who": { "de": "GIGI", "en": "GIGI" }, "src": { "de": "21 LESSONS · 2019", "en": "21 LESSONS · 2019" }, "quote": { "de": "Du wirst Bitcoin nicht verändern, aber Bitcoin wird dich verändern.", "en": "You won’t change Bitcoin, but Bitcoin will change you." }, "source": { "de": "„21 Lessons“ (2019), Teil I „Philosophy“, Lesson 1 „Immutability and change“", "en": "“21 Lessons” (2019), part I “Philosophy”, Lesson 1 “Immutability and change”" }, "link": "https://21lessons.com/1/", "question": { "de": "Wie sehr hat dich eine Idee schon verändert, die du eigentlich nur verstehen wolltest?", "en": "How much has an idea you only wanted to understand changed you?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "You won’t change Bitcoin, but Bitcoin will change you." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer österreichischer Bitcoin-Autor und Philosoph. Autor von „21 Lessons“, einer vielgelesenen Reflexion darüber, was Bitcoin über Geld, Technologie und das Leben lehrt.", "en": "Pseudonymous Austrian Bitcoin writer and philosopher. Author of “21 Lessons”, a widely read reflection on what Bitcoin teaches about money, technology, and life." }, "context": { "de": "21 Lessons: Gigis Buch über das, was er im Bitcoin-Kaninchenbau gelernt hat; frei online lesbar.", "en": "21 Lessons: Gigi’s book on what he learned down the Bitcoin rabbit hole, free to read online." } }, { "id": "VIII-1", "serie": "VIII", "nr": 1, "author": "Richard Feynman", "who": { "de": "RICHARD FEYNMAN", "en": "RICHARD FEYNMAN" }, "src": { "de": "CARGO CULT SCIENCE · 1974", "en": "CARGO CULT SCIENCE · 1974" }, "quote": { "de": "Das erste Prinzip lautet: Du darfst dich nicht selbst täuschen, und dich selbst täuschst du am leichtesten.", "en": "The first principle is that you must not fool yourself — and you are the easiest person to fool." }, "source": { "de": "„Cargo Cult Science“, Caltech Commencement 1974; Engineering and Science, Juni 1974; auch in „Surely You’re Joking, Mr. Feynman!“ (1985)", "en": "“Cargo Cult Science”, Caltech commencement 1974; Engineering and Science, June 1974; also in “Surely You’re Joking, Mr. Feynman!” (1985)" }, "link": "https://calteches.library.caltech.edu/51/2/CargoCult.htm", "question": { "de": "Wie oft ertappst du dich bei einer Ausrede vor dir selbst?", "en": "How often do you catch yourself making excuses to yourself?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "The first principle is that you must not fool yourself — and you are the easiest person to fool." }, "bio": { "de": "Theoretischer Physiker (1918–1988). Nobelpreisträger, bekannt für Quantenelektrodynamik und die außergewöhnliche Fähigkeit, komplexe Ideen einfach zu erklären.", "en": "Theoretical physicist (1918–1988). Nobel laureate known for quantum electrodynamics and an extraordinary ability to explain complex ideas simply." } }, { "id": "VIII-2", "serie": "VIII", "nr": 2, "author": "Peter Abaelard", "who": { "de": "PETER ABAELARD", "en": "PETER ABELARD" }, "src": { "de": "SIC ET NON · UM 1120", "en": "SIC ET NON · C. 1120" }, "quote": { "de": "Durch Zweifeln kommen wir zum Fragen; durch Fragen erkennen wir die Wahrheit.", "en": "By doubting we come to inquiry; by inquiring we perceive the truth." }, "source": { "de": "„Sic et non“, Prolog (um 1120); lat. „Dubitando ad inquisitionem venimus, inquirendo veritatem percipimus“ (PL 178, Sp. 1349), eigene Übertragung", "en": "“Sic et non”, prologue (c. 1120); Latin “Dubitando ad inquisitionem venimus, inquirendo veritatem percipimus” (PL 178, col. 1349), own rendering" }, "link": "https://ccel.org/ccel/schaff/hcc5/hcc5.ii.xiv.vi.html", "question": { "de": "Kennst du die stärkste Gegenposition zu deiner Meinung?", "en": "Do you know the strongest case against your view?" }, "original": { "lang": "la", "text": "Dubitando quippe ad inquisitionem uenimus; inquirendo ueritatem percipimus.", "layout": [ [ "C", 6, "Dubitando" ], [ "R", 3, "quippe ad", { "col": "ink2" } ], [ "I", 5, "inquisitionem uenimus;", { "col": "acc" } ], [ "R", 3, "inquirendo", { "mt": 10, "col": "ink2" } ], [ "C", 8, "ueritatem", { "col": "acc" } ], [ "R", 3, "percipimus." ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Französischer Philosoph und Theologe (1079–1142). Einer der schärfsten Denker des Mittelalters; in „Sic et non“ stellte er widersprüchliche Lehrmeinungen nebeneinander, damit die Leser selbst denken.", "en": "French philosopher and theologian (1079–1142). One of the sharpest minds of the Middle Ages; in “Sic et non” he set contradictory authorities side by side so that readers would think for themselves." } }, { "id": "VIII-3", "serie": "VIII", "nr": 3, "author": "Bertrand Russell", "who": { "de": "BERTRAND RUSSELL", "en": "BERTRAND RUSSELL" }, "src": { "de": "THE TRIUMPH OF STUPIDITY · 1933", "en": "THE TRIUMPH OF STUPIDITY · 1933" }, "quote": { "de": "Das Grundübel ist, dass in der modernen Welt die Dummen sich ihrer Sache vollkommen sicher sind, während die Klugen voller Zweifel stecken.", "en": "The fundamental cause of the trouble is that in the modern world the stupid are cocksure while the intelligent are full of doubt." }, "source": { "de": "„The Triumph of Stupidity“, Zeitungskolumne (Hearst-Presse), 10.05.1933; nachgedruckt in „Mortals and Others“, Bd. II (1998)", "en": "“The Triumph of Stupidity”, newspaper column (Hearst press), 10 May 1933; reprinted in “Mortals and Others”, vol. II (1998)" }, "link": "https://russell-j.com/0583TS.HTM", "question": { "de": "Wie sicher bist du dir bei deinen stärksten Überzeugungen?", "en": "How sure are you of your strongest convictions?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "The fundamental cause of the trouble is that in the modern world the stupid are cocksure while the intelligent are full of doubt." }, "bio": { "de": "Britischer Philosoph, Mathematiker und Literaturnobelpreisträger (1872–1970). Mitbegründer der analytischen Philosophie und streitbarer Kritiker von Dogmen jeder Art.", "en": "British philosopher, mathematician and Nobel laureate in literature (1872–1970). A founder of analytic philosophy and a combative critic of dogma of every kind." } }, { "id": "VIII-4", "serie": "VIII", "nr": 4, "author": "Richard Feynman", "who": { "de": "RICHARD FEYNMAN", "en": "RICHARD FEYNMAN" }, "src": { "de": "WHAT IS SCIENCE? · 1966", "en": "WHAT IS SCIENCE? · 1966" }, "quote": { "de": "Wissenschaft ist der Glaube an die Unwissenheit der Experten.", "en": "Science is the belief in the ignorance of experts." }, "source": { "de": "„What Is Science?“, Vortrag vor der National Science Teachers Association, New York 1966; gedruckt in The Physics Teacher 7 (1969), S. 313–320", "en": "“What Is Science?”, lecture to the National Science Teachers Association, New York 1966; printed in The Physics Teacher 7 (1969), pp. 313–320" }, "link": "https://doi.org/10.1119/1.2351388", "question": { "de": "Was würdest du gern verstehen, statt es nur zu glauben?", "en": "What would you like to understand rather than just believe?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Science is the belief in the ignorance of experts." }, "bio": { "de": "Theoretischer Physiker (1918–1988). Nobelpreisträger, bekannt für Quantenelektrodynamik und die außergewöhnliche Fähigkeit, komplexe Ideen einfach zu erklären.", "en": "Theoretical physicist (1918–1988). Nobel laureate known for quantum electrodynamics and an extraordinary ability to explain complex ideas simply." } }, { "id": "VIII-5", "serie": "VIII", "nr": 5, "author": "Charles Darwin", "who": { "de": "CHARLES DARWIN", "en": "CHARLES DARWIN" }, "src": { "de": "THE DESCENT OF MAN · 1871", "en": "THE DESCENT OF MAN · 1871" }, "quote": { "de": "Unwissenheit erzeugt häufiger Selbstsicherheit als Wissen.", "en": "Ignorance more frequently begets confidence than does knowledge." }, "source": { "de": "„The Descent of Man“, 1871, Einleitung", "en": "“The Descent of Man”, 1871, introduction" }, "link": "https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/34967", "question": { "de": "Wie oft warst du dir sicher und lagst trotzdem falsch?", "en": "How often were you sure and still wrong?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Ignorance more frequently begets confidence than does knowledge." }, "bio": { "de": "Englischer Naturforscher (1809–1882). Entwickelte die Evolutionstheorie durch natürliche Selektion. Seine Erkenntnis, dass Anpassung das Überleben bestimmt, reicht weit über die Biologie hinaus.", "en": "English naturalist (1809–1882). Developed the theory of evolution by natural selection. His insight that adaptation drives survival resonates far beyond biology." } }, { "id": "VIII-6", "serie": "VIII", "nr": 6, "author": "Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach", "who": { "de": "MARIE VON EBNER-ESCHENBACH", "en": "MARIE VON EBNER-ESCHENBACH" }, "src": { "de": "APHORISMEN · 1880", "en": "APHORISMS · 1880" }, "quote": { "de": "Wer nichts weiß, muss alles glauben.", "en": "Whoever knows nothing must believe everything." }, "source": { "de": "„Aphorismen“, Zweites Hundert, Nr. 6 (Erstausgabe 1880); Gesammelte Schriften, Bd. 1, Berlin: Gebrüder Paetel 1893", "en": "“Aphorisms” (Aphorismen), second hundred, no. 6 (first edition 1880); Collected Writings (Gesammelte Schriften), vol. 1, Berlin: Gebrüder Paetel 1893" }, "link": "https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/77889", "question": { "de": "Wie viel deines Wissens hast du nie selbst geprüft?", "en": "How much of your knowledge have you never checked yourself?" }, "bio": { "de": "Österreichische Schriftstellerin (1830–1916). Eine der bedeutendsten Erzählerinnen des 19. Jahrhunderts; ihre Aphorismen gehören zu den meistzitierten der deutschen Sprache.", "en": "Austrian writer (1830–1916). One of the most important storytellers of the 19th century; her aphorisms are among the most quoted in the German language." } }, { "id": "VIII-7", "serie": "VIII", "nr": 7, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "P2P FOUNDATION · 11.02.2009", "en": "P2P FOUNDATION · 11.02.2009" }, "quote": { "de": "Banken muss man vertrauen, dass sie unser Geld verwahren und elektronisch überweisen, aber sie verleihen es in Wellen von Kreditblasen und halten kaum einen Bruchteil davon als Reserve.", "en": "Banks must be trusted to hold our money and transfer it electronically, but they lend it out in waves of credit bubbles with barely a fraction in reserve." }, "source": { "de": "P2P Foundation Forum, „Bitcoin open source implementation of P2P currency“, 11.02.2009", "en": "P2P Foundation forum, “Bitcoin open source implementation of P2P currency”, 11 February 2009" }, "link": "https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/posts/p2pfoundation/1/", "question": { "de": "Wie genau weißt du, was deine Bank mit deinem Geld macht?", "en": "How well do you know what your bank does with your money?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Banks must be trusted to hold our money and transfer it electronically, but they lend it out in waves of credit bubbles with barely a fraction in reserve." }, "bio": { "de": "Pseudonymer Schöpfer von Bitcoin. Veröffentlichte 2008 das Whitepaper „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“ und startete 2009 das Netzwerk. Die Identität ist bis heute unbekannt.", "en": "Pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin. Published the whitepaper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008 and launched the network in 2009. Their identity remains unknown." }, "context": { "de": "P2P Foundation: ein 2005 von Michel Bauwens gegründetes Netzwerk; hier stellte Satoshi im Februar 2009 Bitcoin vor.", "en": "P2P Foundation: a network founded by Michel Bauwens in 2005, where Satoshi introduced Bitcoin in February 2009." } }, { "id": "VIII-8", "serie": "VIII", "nr": 8, "author": "George Orwell", "who": { "de": "GEORGE ORWELL", "en": "GEORGE ORWELL" }, "src": { "de": "THE FREEDOM OF THE PRESS · 1945", "en": "THE FREEDOM OF THE PRESS · 1945" }, "quote": { "de": "Wenn Freiheit überhaupt etwas bedeutet, dann das Recht, den Leuten zu sagen, was sie nicht hören wollen.", "en": "If liberty means anything at all it means the right to tell people what they do not want to hear." }, "source": { "de": "„The Freedom of the Press“, geplantes Vorwort zu „Animal Farm“; erstmals gedruckt im Times Literary Supplement, 15.09.1972", "en": "“The Freedom of the Press”, intended preface to “Animal Farm”; first printed in the Times Literary Supplement, 15 September 1972" }, "link": "https://www.orwellfoundation.com/the-orwell-foundation/orwell/essays-and-other-works/the-freedom-of-the-press/", "question": { "de": "Wie oft sagst du Leuten, was sie nicht hören wollen?", "en": "How often do you tell people what they don’t want to hear?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "If liberty means anything at all, it means the right to tell people what they do not want to hear." }, "bio": { "de": "Englischer Schriftsteller (1903–1950). Autor von „1984“ und „Farm der Tiere“. Seine Arbeit zu Totalitarismus, Überwachung und der Korruption von Sprache wird bis heute in Debatten über Macht und Überwachung herangezogen.", "en": "English writer (1903–1950). Author of “1984” and “Animal Farm”. His work on totalitarianism, surveillance, and the corruption of language is still widely cited in debates about power and surveillance." } }, { "id": "VIII-9", "serie": "VIII", "nr": 9, "author": "Noam Chomsky", "who": { "de": "NOAM CHOMSKY", "en": "NOAM CHOMSKY" }, "src": { "de": "THE COMMON GOOD · 1998", "en": "THE COMMON GOOD · 1998" }, "quote": { "de": "Der klügste Weg, Menschen passiv und gehorsam zu halten, ist, das Spektrum akzeptabler Meinungen streng zu begrenzen, aber innerhalb dieses Spektrums sehr lebhafte Debatten zu erlauben.", "en": "The smart way to keep people passive and obedient is to strictly limit the spectrum of acceptable opinion, but allow very lively debate within that spectrum." }, "source": { "de": "„The Common Good“, Odonian Press, Monroe (Maine) 1998, S. 43 (gekürzt)", "en": "“The Common Good”, Odonian Press, Monroe (Maine) 1998, p. 43 (abridged)" }, "link": "https://archive.org/details/commongood00chom/page/43/", "question": { "de": "Wie eng ist der Rahmen der Debatten, die du hörst?", "en": "How narrow is the frame of the debates you hear?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "The smart way to keep people passive and obedient is to strictly limit the spectrum of acceptable opinion, but allow very lively debate within that spectrum." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Linguist und politischer Kommentator (*1928). Begründer der generativen Grammatik. Bekannt für Medien- und Machtkritik.", "en": "American linguist and political commentator (b. 1928). Founder of generative grammar. Known for critiques of media and power structures." } }, { "id": "VIII-10", "serie": "VIII", "nr": 10, "author": "George Orwell", "who": { "de": "GEORGE ORWELL", "en": "GEORGE ORWELL" }, "src": { "de": "NINETEEN EIGHTY-FOUR · 1949", "en": "NINETEEN EIGHTY-FOUR · 1949" }, "quote": { "de": "Wer die Vergangenheit kontrolliert, kontrolliert die Zukunft. Wer die Gegenwart kontrolliert, kontrolliert die Vergangenheit.", "en": "Who controls the past controls the future: who controls the present controls the past." }, "source": { "de": "„Nineteen Eighty-Four“, 1949, Teil 1, Kap. 3 (Parteiparole)", "en": "“Nineteen Eighty-Four”, 1949, part 1, ch. 3 (Party slogan)" }, "link": "https://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks01/0100021h.html", "question": { "de": "Welches Ereignis siehst du heute anders als früher?", "en": "Which event do you see differently today than you used to?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Who controls the past controls the future. Who controls the present controls the past." }, "bio": { "de": "Englischer Schriftsteller (1903–1950). Autor von „1984“ und „Farm der Tiere“. Seine Arbeit zu Totalitarismus, Überwachung und der Korruption von Sprache wird bis heute in Debatten über Macht und Überwachung herangezogen.", "en": "English writer (1903–1950). Author of “1984” and “Animal Farm”. His work on totalitarianism, surveillance, and the corruption of language is still widely cited in debates about power and surveillance." } }, { "id": "VIII-11", "serie": "VIII", "nr": 11, "author": "Jonathan Swift", "who": { "de": "JONATHAN SWIFT", "en": "JONATHAN SWIFT" }, "src": { "de": "THE EXAMINER · 1710", "en": "THE EXAMINER · 1710" }, "quote": { "de": "Die Lüge fliegt, und die Wahrheit kommt hinkend hinterher.", "en": "Falsehood flies, and the truth comes limping after it." }, "source": { "de": "The Examiner, Nr. 15 (im Nachdruck Nr. 14), 02.–09.11.1710", "en": "The Examiner, no. 15 (no. 14 in reprints), 2–9 November 1710" }, "link": "https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/13169", "question": { "de": "Wie oft hast du etwas geglaubt, das sich später als falsch herausstellte?", "en": "How often have you believed something that later turned out false?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Falsehood flies, and the truth comes limping after it." }, "bio": { "de": "Anglo-irischer Satiriker (1667–1745). Autor von „Gullivers Reisen“. Meister der Ironie und politischen Satire, dessen Werk immer noch institutionelle Absurdität entlarvt.", "en": "Anglo-Irish satirist (1667–1745). Author of “Gulliver’s Travels”. Master of irony and political satire whose work still cuts through institutional absurdity." } }, { "id": "VIII-12", "serie": "VIII", "nr": 12, "author": "Carl Sagan", "who": { "de": "CARL SAGAN", "en": "CARL SAGAN" }, "src": { "de": "THE DEMON-HAUNTED WORLD · 1995", "en": "THE DEMON-HAUNTED WORLD · 1995" }, "quote": { "de": "Eine der traurigsten Lektionen der Geschichte ist diese: Wenn wir lange genug getäuscht wurden, neigen wir dazu, jeden Beweis der Täuschung abzulehnen.", "en": "One of the saddest lessons of history is this: If we’ve been bamboozled long enough, we tend to reject any evidence of the bamboozle." }, "source": { "de": "„The Demon-Haunted World“, 1995, Kap. 13 „Obsessed with Reality“", "en": "“The Demon-Haunted World”, 1995, ch. 13 “Obsessed with Reality”" }, "link": "https://books.google.com/books?id=Yz8Y6KfXf9UC&pg=PA241", "question": { "de": "Wie schwer fällt es dir, einen Irrtum zuzugeben, an den du lange geglaubt hast?", "en": "How hard is it for you to admit you were wrong about a long-held belief?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "One of the saddest lessons of history is this: If we've been bamboozled long enough, we tend to reject any evidence of the bamboozle." }, "bio": { "de": "Astronom und Wissenschaftskommunikator (1934–1996). Autor von „Cosmos“ und „Pale Blue Dot“. Machte das Staunen über Wissenschaft für Millionen zugänglich.", "en": "Astronomer and science communicator (1934–1996). Author of “Cosmos” and “Pale Blue Dot”. Made the wonder of science accessible to millions." } }, { "id": "VIII-13", "serie": "VIII", "nr": 13, "author": "Max Planck", "who": { "de": "MAX PLANCK", "en": "MAX PLANCK" }, "src": { "de": "WISSENSCHAFTLICHE SELBSTBIOGRAPHIE · 1948", "en": "SCIENTIFIC AUTOBIOGRAPHY · 1948" }, "quote": { "de": "Eine neue wissenschaftliche Wahrheit pflegt sich nicht in der Weise durchzusetzen, dass ihre Gegner überzeugt werden …, sondern vielmehr dadurch, dass die Gegner allmählich aussterben …", "en": "A new scientific truth does not usually prevail by convincing its opponents …, but rather because its opponents gradually die out …" }, "source": { "de": "„Persönliche Erinnerungen aus alten Zeiten“, in: Vorträge und Erinnerungen, S. Hirzel, Stuttgart 1949, S. 13 (gekürzt); derselbe Text in der „Wissenschaftlichen Selbstbiographie“, J. A. Barth, Leipzig 1948", "en": "“Persönliche Erinnerungen aus alten Zeiten”, in: Vorträge und Erinnerungen, S. Hirzel, Stuttgart 1949, p. 13 (abridged); the same text in “Scientific Autobiography” (Wissenschaftliche Selbstbiographie), J. A. Barth, Leipzig 1948" }, "link": "https://goobi.tib.eu/viewer/image/1667553151/28/", "question": { "de": "Wann hast du zuletzt eine feste Meinung geändert, weil dich jemand überzeugt hat?", "en": "When did you last change a firm opinion because someone convinced you?" }, "bio": { "de": "Deutscher Physiker (1858–1947). Begründer der Quantentheorie und Nobelpreisträger 1918. Erlebte selbst, wie schwer sich neue Ideen gegen das Etablierte durchsetzen.", "en": "German physicist (1858–1947). Founder of quantum theory and Nobel laureate in 1918. Experienced first-hand how hard it is for new ideas to prevail over established ones." } }, { "id": "VIII-14", "serie": "VIII", "nr": 14, "author": "Martin Luther King Jr.", "who": { "de": "MARTIN LUTHER KING JR.", "en": "MARTIN LUTHER KING JR." }, "src": { "de": "LETTER FROM BIRMINGHAM JAIL · 1963", "en": "LETTER FROM BIRMINGHAM JAIL · 1963" }, "quote": { "de": "Wir wissen aus schmerzlicher Erfahrung, dass Freiheit vom Unterdrücker niemals freiwillig gewährt wird; sie muss von den Unterdrückten eingefordert werden.", "en": "We know through painful experience that freedom is never voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded by the oppressed." }, "source": { "de": "„Letter from Birmingham Jail“, 16.04.1963", "en": "“Letter from Birmingham Jail”, 16 April 1963" }, "link": "https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Articles_Gen/Letter_Birmingham.html", "question": { "de": "Wie viele deiner Freiheiten hast du dir selbst erkämpfen müssen?", "en": "How many of your freedoms did you have to fight for yourself?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "We know through painful experience that freedom is never voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded by the oppressed." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Baptistenpastor und Bürgerrechtler (1929–1968). Führte die gewaltfreie Bewegung gegen die Rassentrennung an und erhielt 1964 den Friedensnobelpreis.", "en": "American Baptist minister and civil rights leader (1929–1968). Led the non-violent movement against segregation and received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964." } }, { "id": "VIII-15", "serie": "VIII", "nr": 15, "author": "Voltaire", "who": { "de": "VOLTAIRE", "en": "VOLTAIRE" }, "src": { "de": "LE SIÈCLE DE LOUIS XIV", "en": "LE SIÈCLE DE LOUIS XIV" }, "quote": { "de": "Er sah, wie gefährlich es ist, recht zu haben in Dingen, in denen angesehene Leute unrecht haben.", "en": "He saw how dangerous it is to be right in matters where established men are wrong." }, "source": { "de": "„Le Siècle de Louis XIV“, Catalogue des écrivains, Art. Fontenelle (spätere Ausgabe)", "en": "“Le Siècle de Louis XIV”, Catalogue des écrivains, entry Fontenelle (later edition)" }, "link": "https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Le_Siècle_de_Louis_XIV/Édition_Garnier/Catalogue_des_écrivains", "question": { "de": "Wie oft hattest du recht – und es hat dir nur Ärger gebracht?", "en": "How often were you right – and it only brought you trouble?" }, "original": { "lang": "fr", "text": "Il vit combien il est dangereux d'avoir raison dans des choses où des hommes accrédités ont tort.", "layout": [ [ "R", 4, "Il vit combien il est dangereux", { "col": "ink2" } ], [ "C", 9, "d’avoir raison", { "col": "acc", "mt": 10 } ], [ "I", 5, "dans des choses où des hommes accrédités", { "mt": 10 } ], [ "C", 8, "ont tort." ] ] }, "bio": { "de": "Französischer Philosoph und Schriftsteller der Aufklärung (1694–1778). Kämpfte mit Witz und Spott gegen Dogmen, Zensur und religiöse Intoleranz.", "en": "French Enlightenment philosopher and writer (1694–1778). Fought dogma, censorship and religious intolerance with wit and mockery." } }, { "id": "VIII-16", "serie": "VIII", "nr": 16, "author": "Johann Wolfgang von Goethe", "who": { "de": "JOHANN WOLFGANG VON GOETHE", "en": "JOHANN WOLFGANG VON GOETHE" }, "src": { "de": "DIE WAHLVERWANDTSCHAFTEN · 1809", "en": "ELECTIVE AFFINITIES · 1809" }, "quote": { "de": "Niemand ist mehr Sklave, als der sich für frei hält, ohne es zu sein.", "en": "No one is more a slave than he who thinks himself free without being so." }, "source": { "de": "„Die Wahlverwandtschaften“ (1809), Teil II, Kap. 5, aus Ottiliens Tagebuch", "en": "“Elective Affinities” (Die Wahlverwandtschaften, 1809), part II, ch. 5, from Ottilie’s diary" }, "link": "https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/2403", "question": { "de": "Bist du so frei, wie du dich fühlst?", "en": "Are you as free as you feel?" }, "bio": { "de": "Deutscher Dichter, Naturforscher und Staatsmann (1749–1832). Bedeutendster Autor der Weimarer Klassik, von „Faust“ bis zu den „Wahlverwandtschaften“.", "en": "German poet, naturalist and statesman (1749–1832). The leading author of Weimar Classicism, from “Faust” to “Elective Affinities”." } }, { "id": "VIII-17", "serie": "VIII", "nr": 17, "author": "Henry David Thoreau", "who": { "de": "HENRY DAVID THOREAU", "en": "HENRY DAVID THOREAU" }, "src": { "de": "WALDEN · 1854", "en": "WALDEN · 1854" }, "quote": { "de": "Lieber als Liebe, lieber als Geld, lieber als Ruhm: gebt mir Wahrheit.", "en": "Rather than love, than money, than fame, give me truth." }, "source": { "de": "„Walden“ (1854), Kap. „Conclusion“", "en": "“Walden” (1854), ch. “Conclusion”" }, "link": "https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/205", "question": { "de": "Was ist dir die Wahrheit wert, wenn sie unbequem ist?", "en": "What is the truth worth to you when it is inconvenient?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Rather than love, than money, than fame, give me truth." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Schriftsteller und Philosoph (1817–1862). Lebte zwei Jahre allein in einer Hütte am Walden-See und schrieb über Einfachheit, Selbstbestimmung und zivilen Ungehorsam.", "en": "American writer and philosopher (1817–1862). Lived alone for two years in a cabin at Walden Pond and wrote about simplicity, self-reliance and civil disobedience." } }, { "id": "VIII-18", "serie": "VIII", "nr": 18, "author": "Jesus von Nazareth", "who": { "de": "JESUS VON NAZARETH", "en": "JESUS OF NAZARETH" }, "src": { "de": "MATTHÄUS 7,3", "en": "MATTHEW 7:3" }, "quote": { "de": "Was siehst du aber den Splitter in deines Bruders Auge, und wirst nicht gewahr des Balkens in deinem Auge?", "en": "And why beholdest thou the mote that is in thy brother’s eye, but considerest not the beam that is in thine own eye?" }, "source": { "de": "Bergpredigt, Matthäus 7,3, Lutherbibel 1912 (gemeinfrei); engl. King James Version", "en": "Sermon on the Mount, Matthew 7:3, Luther Bible 1912 (public domain); English: King James Version" }, "link": "https://ebible.org/deu1912/MAT07.htm", "question": { "de": "Was siehst du leichter: die Fehler anderer oder deine eigenen?", "en": "What do you see more easily: others’ faults or your own?" }, "bio": { "de": "Wanderprediger aus Galiläa (ca. 4 v. Chr. – um 30 n. Chr.), auf dessen Lehre das Christentum zurückgeht. Die Bergpredigt im Matthäusevangelium gilt als Kern seiner Ethik.", "en": "Itinerant preacher from Galilee (c. 4 BC – c. AD 30) whose teaching gave rise to Christianity. The Sermon on the Mount in the Gospel of Matthew is seen as the core of his ethics." } }, { "id": "VIII-19", "serie": "VIII", "nr": 19, "author": "Laszlo Hanyecz", "who": { "de": "LASZLO HANYECZ", "en": "LASZLO HANYECZ" }, "src": { "de": "BITCOINTALK · 18.05.2010", "en": "BITCOINTALK · 18.05.2010" }, "quote": { "de": "Ich zahle 10.000 Bitcoins für ein paar Pizzen … so zwei große vielleicht, damit ich für den nächsten Tag noch was übrig habe.", "en": "I’ll pay 10,000 bitcoins for a couple of pizzas.. like maybe 2 large ones so I have some left over for the next day." }, "source": { "de": "BitcoinTalk, „Pizza for bitcoins?“, 18.05.2010", "en": "BitcoinTalk, “Pizza for bitcoins?”, 18 May 2010" }, "link": "https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=137.0", "question": { "de": "Wie oft machst du etwas zum ersten Mal, nur um zu sehen, ob es geht?", "en": "How often do you do something for the first time, just to see if it works?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "I'll pay 10,000 bitcoins for a couple of pizzas.. like maybe 2 large ones so I have some left over for the next day." }, "bio": { "de": "Amerikanischer Programmierer und früher Bitcoin-Miner. Bezahlte am 22.05.2010 zwei Pizzen mit 10.000 Bitcoin, der erste bekannte Kauf realer Waren mit Bitcoin, heute als „Bitcoin Pizza Day“ gefeiert.", "en": "American programmer and early Bitcoin miner. On 22 May 2010 he paid 10,000 bitcoins for two pizzas, the first known purchase of real goods with Bitcoin, now celebrated as Bitcoin Pizza Day." }, "context": { "de": "Bitcointalk: das Forum, das Satoshi im November 2009 eröffnet hat, um über Bitcoin zu sprechen.", "en": "Bitcointalk: the forum Satoshi opened in November 2009 to talk about Bitcoin." } }, { "id": "VIII-20", "serie": "VIII", "nr": 20, "author": "Steve Jobs", "who": { "de": "STEVE JOBS", "en": "STEVE JOBS" }, "src": { "de": "STANFORD · 12.06.2005", "en": "STANFORD · 12.06.2005" }, "quote": { "de": "Lass nicht zu, dass der Lärm fremder Meinungen deine eigene innere Stimme übertönt.", "en": "Don’t let the noise of others’ opinions drown out your own inner voice." }, "source": { "de": "Rede zur Abschlussfeier der Stanford University, 12.06.2005", "en": "Stanford University commencement address, 12 June 2005" }, "link": "https://www.npr.org/transcripts/141120359", "question": { "de": "Lebst du gerade ein Stück weit das Leben eines anderen?", "en": "Are you living someone else’s life right now?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "Don't let the noise of others' opinions drown out your own inner voice." }, "bio": { "de": "Unternehmer (1955–2011). Mitgründer von Apple. Prägte mit Macintosh, iPod und iPhone, wie Menschen Computer nutzen.", "en": "Entrepreneur (1955–2011). Co-founder of Apple. Shaped how people use computers with the Macintosh, iPod and iPhone." } }, { "id": "VIII-21", "serie": "VIII", "nr": 21, "author": "Ada Lovelace", "who": { "de": "ADA LOVELACE", "en": "ADA LOVELACE" }, "src": { "de": "NOTE G · 1843", "en": "NOTE G · 1843" }, "quote": { "de": "Bei jedem neuen Gegenstand neigt man häufig dazu, erstens zu überschätzen, was man schon interessant oder bemerkenswert findet, und zweitens … den wahren Stand der Dinge zu unterschätzen.", "en": "In considering any new subject, there is frequently a tendency, first, to overrate what we find to be already interesting or remarkable; and, secondly, … to undervalue the true state of the case." }, "source": { "de": "Note G zu ihrer Übersetzung von L. F. Menabrea, „Sketch of the Analytical Engine“, Taylor’s Scientific Memoirs, Bd. 3, London 1843 (gekürzt)", "en": "Note G to her translation of L. F. Menabrea, “Sketch of the Analytical Engine”, Taylor’s Scientific Memoirs, vol. 3, London 1843 (abridged)" }, "link": "https://www.fourmilab.ch/babbage/sketch.html", "question": { "de": "Neigst du bei neuen Dingen eher zum Unter- oder zum Überschätzen?", "en": "With new things, do you tend to underrate or overrate?" }, "original": { "lang": "en", "text": "In considering any new subject, there is frequently a tendency, first, to overrate what we find to be already interesting or remarkable; and, secondly, by a sort of natural reaction, to undervalue the true state of the case …" }, "bio": { "de": "Englische Mathematikerin (1815–1852). Schrieb 1843 zu Charles Babbages Analytical Engine das erste veröffentlichte Computerprogramm und erkannte, dass Maschinen mehr als Zahlen verarbeiten können.", "en": "English mathematician (1815–1852). In 1843 she wrote the first published computer program, for Charles Babbage’s Analytical Engine, and saw that machines could process more than numbers." } }, { "id": "IX-1", "serie": "IX", "nr": 1, "author": "Woodrow Wilson", "who": { "de": "NOTENBANK-TAG", "en": "CENTRAL BANK DAY" }, "src": { "de": "FEDERAL RESERVE ACT · 23.12.1913", "en": "FEDERAL RESERVE ACT · 23.12.1913" }, "quote": { "de": "Präsident Woodrow Wilson unterschreibt den Federal Reserve Act. Damit entsteht das Federal-Reserve-System, das künftig eine zentrale Rolle in der Geldpolitik spielt. Zwei Tage vor Weihnachten.", "en": "President Woodrow Wilson signs the Federal Reserve Act. It creates the Federal Reserve System, which will go on to play a central role in monetary policy. Two days before Christmas." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Federal Reserve History, „Federal Reserve Act Signed into Law“, 23.12.1913", "en": "Fact · Federal Reserve History, “Federal Reserve Act Signed into Law”, 23 December 1913" }, "link": "https://www.federalreservehistory.org/essays/federal-reserve-act-signed", "question": { "de": "Wer entscheidet, wie viel dein Erspartes nächstes Jahr noch wert ist?", "en": "Who decides what your savings will be worth next year?" }, "anniversary": "12-23", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "IX-2", "serie": "IX", "nr": 2, "author": "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "who": { "de": "GOLDVERBOT", "en": "GOLD BAN" }, "src": { "de": "EXECUTIVE ORDER 6102 · 05.04.1933", "en": "EXECUTIVE ORDER 6102 · 05.04.1933" }, "quote": { "de": "Franklin D. Roosevelt verbietet den Amerikanern, Gold zu horten, mit Ausnahmen etwa für Industrie, Sammlermünzen und bis zu 100 Dollar pro Person. Verstöße: bis zu 10.000 Dollar, zehn Jahre Haft oder beides. Satoshi gab später den 5. April als Geburtstag an.", "en": "Franklin D. Roosevelt forbids Americans to hoard gold, with exceptions such as industrial use, collector coins and up to $100 per person. Violations: up to $10,000, ten years in prison, or both. Satoshi later gave April 5 as his birthday." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Executive Order 6102, The White House, 05.04.1933 (American Presidency Project): Ausnahmen Sec. 2 (a) Industrie/Gewerbe/Kunst, (b) bis 100 $ in Goldmünzen/-zertifikaten pro Person sowie Sammlermünzen, (c) ausländische Zentralbanken, (d) lizenzierte Zwecke; Strafmaß Sec. 9. Geburtsdatum 05.04.1975 laut Satoshis P2P-Foundation-Profil (sekundär: decrypt.co/313481)", "en": "Fact · Executive Order 6102, The White House, 5 April 1933 (American Presidency Project): exemptions Sec. 2 (a) industry/trade/art, (b) up to $100 in gold coin/certificates per person plus collector’s coins, (c) foreign central banks, (d) licensed purposes; penalties Sec. 9. Birth date 5 April 1975 according to Satoshi’s P2P Foundation profile (secondary: decrypt.co/313481)" }, "link": "https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/executive-order-6102-forbidding-the-hoarding-gold-coin-gold-bullion-and-gold-certificates", "question": { "de": "Wie viel deines Besitzes ließe sich per Erlass einziehen?", "en": "How much of what you own could be seized by a single decree?" }, "anniversary": "04-05", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "IX-3", "serie": "IX", "nr": 3, "author": "Franklin D. Roosevelt", "who": { "de": "TAG DER ABWERTUNG", "en": "DEVALUATION DAY" }, "src": { "de": "GOLD RESERVE ACT · 30.01.1934", "en": "GOLD RESERVE ACT · 30.01.1934" }, "quote": { "de": "Roosevelt unterschreibt den Gold Reserve Act. Das Währungsgold der USA geht an das Schatzamt. Tags darauf setzt er den Goldpreis von 20,67 auf 35 Dollar je Unze. Ein Dollar ist danach 41 % weniger Gold wert.", "en": "Roosevelt signs the Gold Reserve Act. The monetary gold of the United States goes to the Treasury. The next day, he raises the gold price from $20.67 to $35 an ounce. Afterwards, a dollar is worth 41% less gold." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Federal Reserve History, „Gold Reserve Act of 1934“, 30.01.1934; Goldpreis 35 $ per Proclamation 2072, 31.01.1934 (dort zitiert)", "en": "Fact · Federal Reserve History, “Gold Reserve Act of 1934”, 30 January 1934; gold price of $35 per Proclamation 2072, 31 January 1934 (cited there)" }, "link": "https://www.federalreservehistory.org/essays/gold-reserve-act", "question": { "de": "Wann hast du zuletzt gemerkt, dass dein Geld weniger kauft?", "en": "When did you last notice your money buying less?" }, "anniversary": "01-30", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "IX-4", "serie": "IX", "nr": 4, "author": "Bretton-Woods-Konferenz", "who": { "de": "BRETTON WOODS", "en": "BRETTON WOODS" }, "src": { "de": "BRETTON-WOODS-SCHLUSSAKTE · 22.07.1944", "en": "BRETTON WOODS FINAL ACT · 22.07.1944" }, "quote": { "de": "Delegierte aus 44 Staaten unterzeichnen in New Hampshire die Schlussakte mit den Abkommen für IWF und Weltbank. In Kraft treten sie erst Ende 1945. Die Währungen hängen am Dollar, der Dollar hängt am Gold. Zu 35 Dollar je Unze.", "en": "Delegates from 44 nations sign the Final Act in New Hampshire, with the agreements for the IMF and the World Bank. They take effect only in late 1945. Currencies are tied to the dollar, the dollar is tied to gold. At $35 an ounce." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Final Act der United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference, 22.07.1944, mit den Articles of Agreement von IMF und IBRD; in Kraft 27.12.1945 (Avalon Project, Yale, Fußnoten 1 und 2)", "en": "Fact · Final Act of the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference, 22 July 1944, with the Articles of Agreement of the IMF and IBRD; in force 27 December 1945 (Avalon Project, Yale, footnotes 1 and 2)" }, "link": "https://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/decad047.asp", "question": { "de": "Wie genau weißt du, woran dein Geld am Ende gebunden ist?", "en": "How well do you know what your money is ultimately tied to?" }, "anniversary": "07-22", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "IX-5", "serie": "IX", "nr": 5, "author": "Richard Nixon", "who": { "de": "RICHARD NIXON", "en": "RICHARD NIXON" }, "src": { "de": "TV-ANSPRACHE · 15.08.1971", "en": "TV ADDRESS · 15.08.1971" }, "quote": { "de": "Ich habe Finanzminister Connally angewiesen, die Umtauschbarkeit des Dollars in Gold oder andere Reserven vorübergehend auszusetzen …", "en": "I have directed Secretary Connally to suspend temporarily the convertibility of the dollar into gold or other reserve assets …" }, "source": { "de": "Address to the Nation, „The Challenge of Peace“, 15.08.1971, 21 Uhr (American Presidency Project). Auslassung am Ende: „…, except in amounts and conditions determined to be in the interest of monetary stability and in the best interests of the United States.“", "en": "Address to the Nation, “The Challenge of Peace”, 15 August 1971, 9 pm (American Presidency Project). Omitted at the end: “…, except in amounts and conditions determined to be in the interest of monetary stability and in the best interests of the United States.”" }, "link": "https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/address-the-nation-outlining-new-economic-policy-the-challenge-peace", "question": { "de": "Was ist dein Geld noch wert, wenn das Versprechen fällt?", "en": "What is your money still worth once the promise breaks?" }, "anniversary": "08-15", "kind": "quote" }, { "id": "IX-6", "serie": "IX", "nr": 6, "author": "Gerald Ford", "who": { "de": "TAG DES GOLDES", "en": "GOLD DAY" }, "src": { "de": "EXECUTIVE ORDER 11825 · 31.12.1974", "en": "EXECUTIVE ORDER 11825 · 31.12.1974" }, "quote": { "de": "Gerald Ford hebt die Erlasse zum Goldbesitz auf. Nach 41 Jahren dürfen Amerikaner wieder frei Gold besitzen. Am Silvestertag 1974.", "en": "Gerald Ford revokes the orders restricting gold. After 41 years, Americans may freely own gold again. On New Year’s Eve, 1974." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Executive Order 11825, White House Press Release, 31.12.1974 (Gerald R. Ford Library)", "en": "Fact · Executive Order 11825, White House press release, 31 December 1974 (Gerald R. Ford Library)" }, "link": "https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/sites/default/files/pdf_documents/library/document/0248/whpr19741231-019.pdf", "question": { "de": "Was du besitzt – gehört es dir oder ist es dir nur erlaubt?", "en": "What you own – is it yours, or merely permitted?" }, "anniversary": "12-31", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "IX-7", "serie": "IX", "nr": 7, "author": "Phil Zimmermann", "who": { "de": "PHIL ZIMMERMANN", "en": "PHIL ZIMMERMANN" }, "src": { "de": "PGP 1.0 · 05.06.1991", "en": "PGP 1.0 · 05.06.1991" }, "quote": { "de": "Phil Zimmermann schickt die erste Version von PGP an Freunde, die sie ins Netz hochladen. Ein Programm, mit dem man E-Mails verschlüsseln kann. Bezahlt mit fünf ausgelassenen Hypothekenraten.", "en": "Phil Zimmermann sends the first release of PGP to friends, who upload it to the internet. A program for encrypting email. Paid for with five missed mortgage payments." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Philip Zimmermann, „PRZ Marks PGP's 10th Anniversary“, PGP-signiert, 5 June 2001: „It was on this day in 1991 that I sent the first release of PGP to a couple of my friends for uploading to the Internet.“ und „I missed five mortgage payments developing the software in the first half of 1991.“ (philzimmermann.com)", "en": "Fact · Philip Zimmermann, “PRZ Marks PGP's 10th Anniversary”, PGP-signed, 5 June 2001: “It was on this day in 1991 that I sent the first release of PGP to a couple of my friends for uploading to the Internet.” and “I missed five mortgage payments developing the software in the first half of 1991.” (philzimmermann.com)" }, "link": "https://www.philzimmermann.com/text/PGP_10thAnniversary.txt", "question": { "de": "Wie viele deiner Nachrichten könnte heute ein Fremder mitlesen?", "en": "How many of your messages could a stranger read today?" }, "anniversary": "06-05", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "IX-8", "serie": "IX", "nr": 8, "author": "Timothy C. May", "who": { "de": "TIM MAY", "en": "TIM MAY" }, "src": { "de": "CYPHERPUNKS-MAILINGLISTE · 22.11.1992", "en": "CYPHERPUNKS LIST · 22.11.1992" }, "quote": { "de": "Timothy C. May schickt sein Crypto Anarchist Manifesto an die junge Cypherpunks-Liste. Seine These: Anonyme Kommunikation per Computer wird verändern, wie Staaten besteuern und kontrollieren. Geschrieben 1988, gepostet an einem Sonntag.", "en": "Timothy C. May sends his Crypto Anarchist Manifesto to the young Cypherpunks list. His claim: anonymous communication by computer will change how states tax and control. Written in 1988, posted on a Sunday." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Cypherpunks-Mailingliste, Timothy C. May, Sun, 22 Nov 92 12:15:22 PST", "en": "Fact · Cypherpunks mailing list, Timothy C. May, Sun, 22 Nov 92 12:15:22 PST" }, "link": "https://mailing-list-archive.cryptoanarchy.wiki/archive/1992/11/eda5e66d8aed5985d60a1fa5432c9751789b5e50dc11cf515c7dd67a511a3d78", "question": { "de": "Was verrät dein Alltag über dich, ohne dass du zustimmst?", "en": "What does your daily life reveal about you without your consent?" }, "anniversary": "11-22", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "IX-9", "serie": "IX", "nr": 9, "author": "Eric Hughes", "who": { "de": "ERIC HUGHES", "en": "ERIC HUGHES" }, "src": { "de": "A CYPHERPUNK’S MANIFESTO · 09.03.1993", "en": "A CYPHERPUNK’S MANIFESTO · 09.03.1993" }, "quote": { "de": "Eric Hughes datiert sein Manifest auf den 9. März 1993. Im Kern steht ein Arbeitsauftrag: Cypherpunks schreiben Code. Kein Antrag, kein Gesuch. Code.", "en": "Eric Hughes dates his manifesto March 9, 1993. At its core is a job description: cypherpunks write code. No petition, no request. Code." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Eric Hughes, „A Cypherpunk’s Manifesto“, 9 March 1993 (activism.net)", "en": "Fact · Eric Hughes, “A Cypherpunk’s Manifesto”, 9 March 1993 (activism.net)" }, "link": "https://www.activism.net/cypherpunk/manifesto.html", "question": { "de": "Baust du es selbst, oder wartest du, bis es jemand für dich tut?", "en": "Do you build it yourself, or wait for someone to do it for you?" }, "anniversary": "03-09", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "IX-10", "serie": "IX", "nr": 10, "author": "Wei Dai", "who": { "de": "B-MONEY", "en": "B-MONEY" }, "src": { "de": "CYPHERPUNKS-MAILINGLISTE · 26.11.1998", "en": "CYPHERPUNKS LIST · 26.11.1998" }, "quote": { "de": "Wei Dai beschreibt b-money: Geld für Pseudonyme, bei dem jeder Teilnehmer selbst Buch führt, wem wie viel gehört, und neues Geld durch Rechenarbeit entsteht. Zehn Jahre später nennt das Bitcoin-Whitepaper b-money als erste Quelle.", "en": "Wei Dai describes b-money: money for pseudonyms, where every participant keeps their own ledger of who owns what, and new money is created by computational work. Ten years later, the Bitcoin whitepaper cites b-money as its first reference." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Wei Dai, „b-money“ (weidai.com/bmoney.txt): Protokoll 1 – jeder Teilnehmer führt eine eigene Datenbank, wie viel Geld jedem Pseudonym gehört; Geld entsteht durch Lösen von Rechenaufgaben. Angekündigt auf der Cypherpunks-Liste, 26.11.1998. Bitcoin-Whitepaper (2008), Referenz [1].", "en": "Fact · Wei Dai, “b-money” (weidai.com/bmoney.txt): protocol 1 – every participant maintains a separate database of how much money belongs to each pseudonym; money is created by solving computational problems. Announced on the Cypherpunks list, 26 November 1998. Bitcoin whitepaper (2008), reference [1]." }, "link": "https://www.weidai.com/bmoney.txt", "question": { "de": "Wie viele Vereinbarungen in deinem Leben hängen nur am Wort des anderen?", "en": "How many agreements in your life rest only on the other person’s word?" }, "anniversary": "11-26", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "IX-11", "serie": "IX", "nr": 11, "author": "Roger Dingledine", "who": { "de": "ONION-ROUTING", "en": "ONION ROUTING" }, "src": { "de": "OR-DEV-MAILINGLISTE · 20.09.2002", "en": "OR-DEV LIST · 20.09.2002" }, "quote": { "de": "Roger Dingledine lädt auf einer Mailingliste ein, einen Onion-Proxy zu starten: Das neue Netz läuft. Verbindungen gehen über mehrere Stationen, keine kennt Absender und Ziel zugleich. Daraus wird Tor.", "en": "On a mailing list, Roger Dingledine invites readers to run an onion proxy: the new network is live. Connections hop across several relays, and none knows both sender and destination. It becomes Tor." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · or-dev, „pre-alpha: run an onion proxy now!“, Roger Dingledine, 20.09.2002 (archives.seul.org); Funktionsweise: Tor Project, „Overview“ (torproject.org)", "en": "Fact · or-dev, “pre-alpha: run an onion proxy now!”, Roger Dingledine, 20 September 2002 (archives.seul.org); how it works: Tor Project, “Overview” (torproject.org)" }, "link": "https://archives.seul.org/or/dev/Sep-2002/msg00019.html", "question": { "de": "Wie viele Dritte sehen, welche Seiten du heute aufgerufen hast?", "en": "How many third parties see which sites you visited today?" }, "anniversary": "09-20", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "IX-12", "serie": "IX", "nr": 12, "author": "bitcoin.org", "who": { "de": "DOMAIN-TAG", "en": "DOMAIN DAY" }, "src": { "de": "WHOIS · 18.08.2008", "en": "WHOIS · 18.08.2008" }, "quote": { "de": "Die Adresse bitcoin.org wird registriert. Gut zehn Wochen später steht dort das Whitepaper. Bevor es Bitcoin gab, gab es eine Adresse.", "en": "The domain bitcoin.org is registered. A little over ten weeks later, the whitepaper goes up there. Before there was Bitcoin, there was an address." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · WHOIS bitcoin.org, „Registered On: 2008-08-18“ (whois.com)", "en": "Fact · WHOIS bitcoin.org, “Registered On: 2008-08-18” (whois.com)" }, "link": "https://www.whois.com/whois/bitcoin.org", "question": { "de": "Wie viele Vorhaben haben bei dir schon einen Namen, aber noch keinen Anfang?", "en": "How many of your projects already have a name but no beginning yet?" }, "anniversary": "08-18", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "IX-13", "serie": "IX", "nr": 13, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "WHITEPAPER-TAG", "en": "WHITEPAPER DAY" }, "src": { "de": "MAILINGLISTE · 31.10.2008", "en": "MAILING LIST · 31.10.2008" }, "quote": { "de": "Satoshi Nakamoto schickt einen Link an eine Mailingliste: „Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System“. Neun Seiten. Keine Firma, kein Pressetermin.", "en": "Satoshi Nakamoto posts a link to a mailing list: “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System.” Nine pages. No company, no press event." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Mailingliste, „Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper“, 31.10.2008 18:10 UTC (Nakamoto Institute)", "en": "Fact · Mailing list, “Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper”, 31 October 2008 18:10 UTC (Nakamoto Institute)" }, "link": "https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/emails/cryptography/1/", "question": { "de": "Wie gut kennst du die neun Seiten, mit denen alles anfing?", "en": "How well do you know the nine pages it all started with?" }, "anniversary": "10-31", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "IX-14", "serie": "IX", "nr": 14, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "GENESIS-TAG", "en": "GENESIS DAY" }, "src": { "de": "BLOCK 0 · 03.01.2009", "en": "BLOCK 0 · 03.01.2009" }, "quote": { "de": "Satoshi erzeugt den ersten Block. Mit ihm beginnt das erste digitale Geld der Menschheit, das ohne Bank, ohne Staat und ohne Erlaubnis auskommt. Mehr als fünf Tage bleibt er allein. Dann folgt Block 1, und die Kette wächst bis heute.", "en": "Satoshi creates the first block. With it begins humanity’s first digital money that needs no bank, no state and no permission. For more than five days it stands alone. Then block 1 follows, and the chain has kept growing ever since." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Block 0, 2009-01-03 18:15:05 UTC (mempool.space/block/0), Coinbase-Text „The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks“ (Bitcoin Core, src/kernel/chainparams.cpp); Block 1, 2009-01-09 02:54:25 UTC (mempool.space/block/1)", "en": "Fact · Block 0, 2009-01-03 18:15:05 UTC (mempool.space/block/0), coinbase text “The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks” (Bitcoin Core, src/kernel/chainparams.cpp); block 1, 2009-01-09 02:54:25 UTC (mempool.space/block/1)" }, "link": "https://mempool.space/block/0", "question": { "de": "Wer steht heute zwischen dir und deinem Geld?", "en": "Who stands between you and your money today?" }, "anniversary": "01-03", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "IX-15", "serie": "IX", "nr": 15, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "RELEASE-TAG", "en": "RELEASE DAY" }, "src": { "de": "MAILINGLISTE · 08.01.2009", "en": "MAILING LIST · 08.01.2009" }, "quote": { "de": "Satoshi kündigt die erste Version der Software an: ein elektronisches Bargeldsystem, das Doppelausgaben über ein Peer-to-Peer-Netz verhindert. Vorerst nur für Windows.", "en": "Satoshi announces the first release: an electronic cash system that uses a peer-to-peer network to prevent double-spending. Windows only, for now." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Mailingliste, „Bitcoin v0.1 released“, 08.01.2009 19:27:40 UTC (Nakamoto Institute)", "en": "Fact · Mailing list, “Bitcoin v0.1 released”, 8 January 2009 19:27:40 UTC (Nakamoto Institute)" }, "link": "https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/emails/cryptography/16/", "question": { "de": "Was würdest du veröffentlichen, wenn es nicht perfekt sein müsste?", "en": "What would you release if it didn’t have to be perfect?" }, "anniversary": "01-08", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "IX-16", "serie": "IX", "nr": 16, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "ERSTE TRANSAKTION", "en": "FIRST TRANSACTION" }, "src": { "de": "BLOCK 170 · 12.01.2009", "en": "BLOCK 170 · 12.01.2009" }, "quote": { "de": "Satoshi schickt Hal Finney 10 Bitcoin. Es ist die erste bekannte Übertragung zwischen zwei Personen, bestätigt in Block 170. Ein Test, der funktioniert.", "en": "Satoshi sends Hal Finney 10 bitcoin. It is the first known transfer between two people, confirmed in block 170. A test that works." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Block 170, Zeitstempel 2009-01-12 03:30:25 UTC (mempool.space)", "en": "Fact · Block 170, timestamp 2009-01-12 03:30:25 UTC (mempool.space)" }, "link": "https://mempool.space/block/170", "question": { "de": "Wie vielen Menschen könntest du heute direkt Geld schicken, ganz ohne Bank?", "en": "How many people could you send money to directly today, no bank involved?" }, "anniversary": "01-12", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "IX-17", "serie": "IX", "nr": 17, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "P2P FOUNDATION · 11.02.2009", "en": "P2P FOUNDATION · 11.02.2009" }, "quote": { "de": "Satoshi eröffnet im Forum der P2P Foundation einen Beitrag: „Bitcoin open source implementation of P2P currency“. Damit stellt er Bitcoin auch außerhalb der Fach-Mailinglisten vor.", "en": "Satoshi starts a thread on the P2P Foundation forum: “Bitcoin open source implementation of P2P currency.” With it, he presents Bitcoin beyond the specialist mailing lists too." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · P2P Foundation, „Bitcoin open source implementation of P2P currency“, 11.02.2009 22:27 UTC (Nakamoto Institute)", "en": "Fact · P2P Foundation, “Bitcoin open source implementation of P2P currency”, 11 February 2009 22:27 UTC (Nakamoto Institute)" }, "link": "https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/posts/p2pfoundation/1/", "question": { "de": "Wie oft sprichst du außerhalb deiner Kreise über das, was dich begeistert?", "en": "How often do you talk outside your own circles about what excites you?" }, "anniversary": "02-11", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "IX-18", "serie": "IX", "nr": 18, "author": "New Liberty Standard", "who": { "de": "ERSTER KURS", "en": "FIRST PRICE" }, "src": { "de": "NEW LIBERTY STANDARD · 05.10.2009", "en": "NEW LIBERTY STANDARD · 05.10.2009" }, "quote": { "de": "Die Seite New Liberty Standard veröffentlicht den ersten bekannten Kurs: 1.309,03 Bitcoin für einen Dollar, berechnet aus den Stromkosten fürs Mining. Ein Bitcoin kostet weniger als ein Zehntel Cent.", "en": "The site New Liberty Standard publishes the first known price: 1,309.03 bitcoin for one dollar, derived from the electricity cost of mining. One bitcoin costs less than a tenth of a cent." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · BullionStar (Ronan Manly), „Dawn of Bitcoin Price Discovery 2009–2011“ – Sekundärquelle", "en": "Fact · BullionStar (Ronan Manly), “Dawn of Bitcoin Price Discovery 2009–2011” – secondary source" }, "link": "https://www.bullionstar.com/blogs/ronan-manly/dawn-of-bitcoin-price-discovery-2009-2011-the-very-early-bitcoin-exchanges", "question": { "de": "Wie oft hast du etwas unterschätzt, weil es billig zu haben war?", "en": "How often have you underestimated something because it came cheap?" }, "anniversary": "10-05", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "IX-19", "serie": "IX", "nr": 19, "author": "Laszlo Hanyecz", "who": { "de": "LASZLO HANYECZ", "en": "LASZLO HANYECZ" }, "src": { "de": "BITCOINTALK · 22.05.2010", "en": "BITCOINTALK · 22.05.2010" }, "quote": { "de": "Laszlo Hanyecz meldet im Forum, dass sein Tausch geklappt hat: 10.000 Bitcoin gegen zwei Pizzen von Papa John’s. Der erste bekannte Kauf von etwas Greifbarem mit Bitcoin. Aus einem Experiment wird ein Zahlungsmittel.", "en": "Laszlo Hanyecz reports on the forum that his trade worked: 10,000 bitcoin for two Papa John’s pizzas. The first known purchase of physical goods with bitcoin. An experiment becomes a means of payment." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · BitcoinTalk, Thread „Pizza for bitcoins?“, Beitrag #11 von laszlo, 22.05.2010 19:17:26 (Forumszeit, Gast-Ansicht): „I just want to report that I successfully traded 10,000 bitcoins for pizza.“ Angebot im Eröffnungsbeitrag vom 18.05.2010: „I’ll pay 10,000 bitcoins for a couple of pizzas.. like maybe 2 large ones so I have some left over for the next day.“ Papa John’s: im Thread nur als übliche Bestellung erwähnt (Beitrag #6), sonst sekundär (CoinDesk).", "en": "Fact · BitcoinTalk, thread “Pizza for bitcoins?”, post #11 by laszlo, 22 May 2010 19:17:26 (forum time, guest view): “I just want to report that I successfully traded 10,000 bitcoins for pizza.” Offer in the opening post of 18 May 2010: “I’ll pay 10,000 bitcoins for a couple of pizzas.. like maybe 2 large ones so I have some left over for the next day.” Papa John’s: mentioned in the thread only as the usual order (post #6), otherwise secondary (CoinDesk)." }, "link": "https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=137.0", "question": { "de": "Was würdest du heute mit Bitcoin bezahlen?", "en": "What would you pay for with bitcoin today?" }, "anniversary": "05-22", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "IX-20", "serie": "IX", "nr": 20, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "LETZTER BEITRAG", "en": "LAST POST" }, "src": { "de": "BITCOINTALK · 12.12.2010", "en": "BITCOINTALK · 12.12.2010" }, "quote": { "de": "Satoshi schreibt seinen letzten Beitrag ins Forum: ein paar Schutzmaßnahmen gegen Überlastung, ein schneller Build. Danach meldet er sich dort nie wieder. Kein Abschied, nur Code.", "en": "Satoshi writes his last forum post: a few protections against overload, a quick build. After that, he never posts there again. No farewell, just code." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · BitcoinTalk, „Added some DoS limits, removed safe mode (0.3.19)“, 12.12.2010 18:22:33 UTC – Satoshis letzter Forumsbeitrag (Nakamoto Institute)", "en": "Fact · BitcoinTalk, “Added some DoS limits, removed safe mode (0.3.19)”, 12 December 2010 18:22:33 UTC – Satoshi’s last forum post (Nakamoto Institute)" }, "link": "https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/posts/bitcointalk/543/", "question": { "de": "Wann ist etwas gut genug, um es zu veröffentlichen?", "en": "When is something good enough to release?" }, "anniversary": "12-12", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "IX-21", "serie": "IX", "nr": 21, "author": "Mt. Gox", "who": { "de": "PARITÄT", "en": "PARITY" }, "src": { "de": "MT. GOX · 09.02.2011", "en": "MT. GOX · 09.02.2011" }, "quote": { "de": "Ein Bitcoin kostet an der Börse Mt. Gox zum ersten Mal einen Dollar. Sechzehn Monate zuvor war es weniger als ein Zehntel Cent. Gleichstand.", "en": "On the Mt. Gox exchange, one bitcoin costs one dollar for the first time. Sixteen months earlier it was less than a tenth of a cent. Parity." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Bitbo, „Bitcoin Reaches Dollar Parity“ (Kursdaten Mt. Gox) – Sekundärquelle; Slashdot/The Command Line berichten am 10.02.2011", "en": "Fact · Bitbo, “Bitcoin Reaches Dollar Parity” (Mt. Gox price data) – secondary source; Slashdot/The Command Line report on 10 February 2011" }, "link": "https://bitbo.io/calendar/dollar-parity/", "question": { "de": "In welcher Einheit denkst du, wenn es um dein Vermögen geht?", "en": "Which unit do you think in when it comes to your wealth?" }, "anniversary": "02-09", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "X-1", "serie": "X", "nr": 1, "author": "Satoshi Nakamoto", "who": { "de": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO", "en": "SATOSHI NAKAMOTO" }, "src": { "de": "E-MAIL AN MIKE HEARN · 23.04.2011", "en": "EMAIL TO MIKE HEARN · 23.04.2011" }, "quote": { "de": "Satoshi schreibt Mike Hearn, er habe sich anderen Dingen zugewandt. Es ist eine seiner letzten bekannten Nachrichten. Das Projekt sei „in guten Händen“.", "en": "Satoshi writes to Mike Hearn that he has moved on to other things. It is one of his last known messages. The project is “in good hands.”" }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · E-Mail an Mike Hearn, Sat, Apr 23, 2011 at 3:40 PM (Zeitzone des Archivs nicht angegeben), Archiv Mike Hearn, plan99.net: „I've moved on to other things. It's in good hands with Gavin and everyone.“", "en": "Fact · Email to Mike Hearn, Sat, Apr 23, 2011 at 3:40 PM (archive time zone not stated), Mike Hearn archive, plan99.net: “I've moved on to other things. It's in good hands with Gavin and everyone.”" }, "link": "https://plan99.net/~mike/satoshi-emails/thread5.html", "question": { "de": "Was würde weiterlaufen, wenn du morgen einfach gehst?", "en": "What would keep running if you simply left tomorrow?" }, "anniversary": "04-23", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "X-2", "serie": "X", "nr": 2, "author": "WikiLeaks", "who": { "de": "WIKILEAKS", "en": "WIKILEAKS" }, "src": { "de": "TWITTER @WIKILEAKS · 14.06.2011", "en": "TWITTER @WIKILEAKS · 14.06.2011" }, "quote": { "de": "WikiLeaks nimmt jetzt anonyme Bitcoin-Spenden an: 1HB5XMLmzFVj8ALj6mfBsbifRoD4miY36v", "en": "WikiLeaks now accepts anonymous Bitcoin donations on 1HB5XMLmzFVj8ALj6mfBsbifRoD4miY36v" }, "source": { "de": "Tweet @wikileaks, created_at 2011-06-14T23:12:01Z (Twitter-Syndication-API, abgerufen 22.10.2026; Snowflake-ID 80774521350668288 ergibt dieselbe Zeit)", "en": "Tweet @wikileaks, created_at 2011-06-14T23:12:01Z (Twitter syndication API, retrieved 22 October 2026; Snowflake ID 80774521350668288 yields the same time)" }, "link": "https://twitter.com/wikileaks/status/80774521350668288", "question": { "de": "Wer könnte dir morgen das Bezahlen sperren?", "en": "Who could block your payments tomorrow?" }, "anniversary": "06-14", "kind": "quote" }, { "id": "X-3", "serie": "X", "nr": 3, "author": "Bitcoin-Netzwerk", "who": { "de": "ERSTES HALVING", "en": "FIRST HALVING" }, "src": { "de": "BLOCK 210.000 · 28.11.2012", "en": "BLOCK 210.000 · 28.11.2012" }, "quote": { "de": "Bei Block 210.000 sinkt die Belohnung für einen neuen Block zum ersten Mal: von 50 auf 25 Bitcoin. Keine Abstimmung. Der Code hatte es so vorgesehen.", "en": "At block 210,000 the reward for a new block drops for the first time, from 50 to 25 bitcoin. No vote. The code had it scheduled." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Block 210.000, 2012-11-28 15:24:38 UTC (mempool.space)", "en": "Fact · Block 210,000, 2012-11-28 15:24:38 UTC (mempool.space)" }, "link": "https://mempool.space/block/210000", "question": { "de": "Wie genau weißt du, wie viel von deinem Geld es in zehn Jahren geben wird?", "en": "How precisely do you know how much of your money will exist in ten years?" }, "anniversary": "11-28", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "X-4", "serie": "X", "nr": 4, "author": "Hal Finney", "who": { "de": "HAL FINNEY", "en": "HAL FINNEY" }, "src": { "de": "BITCOINTALK · 19.03.2013", "en": "BITCOINTALK · 19.03.2013" }, "quote": { "de": "Hal Finney erzählt im Forum seine Geschichte: der Erste, der von Satoshi Bitcoin bekam, inzwischen durch ALS fast vollständig gelähmt. Er programmiert weiter, mit den Augen. „Ich bin mit meinem Vermächtnis zufrieden.“", "en": "Hal Finney tells the forum his story: the first person to receive bitcoin from Satoshi, now almost completely paralysed by ALS. He still writes code, with his eyes. “I’m comfortable with my legacy.”" }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · BitcoinTalk, „Bitcoin and me (Hal Finney)“, Hal Finney, 19.03.2013 (bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=155054.0): erste Transaktion von Satoshi, ALS-Diagnose 2009, Programmieren mit Augensteuerung, Bitcoin im Bankschließfach; Zitat wörtlich: „I'm comfortable with my legacy.“", "en": "Fact · BitcoinTalk, “Bitcoin and me (Hal Finney)”, Hal Finney, 19 March 2013 (bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=155054.0): first transaction from Satoshi, ALS diagnosis 2009, programming with eye tracking, bitcoin in a safe deposit box; verbatim quote: “I'm comfortable with my legacy.”" }, "link": "https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=155054.0", "question": { "de": "Wie viele Menschen kämen im Notfall an deine Bitcoin?", "en": "How many people could reach your bitcoin in an emergency?" }, "anniversary": "03-19", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "X-5", "serie": "X", "nr": 5, "author": "Bitcoin-Markt", "who": { "de": "MILLIARDEN-TAG", "en": "BILLION DAY" }, "src": { "de": "BITCOIN MAGAZINE · 28.03.2013", "en": "BITCOIN MAGAZINE · 28.03.2013" }, "quote": { "de": "Um 05:15 Uhr GMT übersteigt die Marktkapitalisierung von Bitcoin erstmals eine Milliarde Dollar. Ein Bitcoin kostet gut 91 Dollar. Gut vier Jahre nach Block 0.", "en": "At 05:15 GMT, Bitcoin’s market capitalization exceeds $1 billion for the first time. One bitcoin costs just over $91. A little over four years after block 0." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Bitcoin Magazine, „Bitcoin Market Cap Hits $1 Billion“, 28.03.2013 – Sekundärquelle", "en": "Fact · Bitcoin Magazine, “Bitcoin Market Cap Hits $1 Billion”, 28 March 2013 – secondary source" }, "link": "https://bitcoinmagazine.com/markets/bitcoin-market-cap-hits-1-billion-1364511616", "question": { "de": "Wann hast du Bitcoin zum ersten Mal wirklich ernst genommen?", "en": "When did you first take Bitcoin truly seriously?" }, "anniversary": "03-28", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "X-6", "serie": "X", "nr": 6, "author": "GameKyuubi", "who": { "de": "GAMEKYUUBI", "en": "GAMEKYUUBI" }, "src": { "de": "BITCOINTALK · 18.12.2013", "en": "BITCOINTALK · 18.12.2013" }, "quote": { "de": "Bei fallendem Kurs schreibt ein Nutzer namens GameKyuubi einen Forumsbeitrag mit Tippfehler im Titel: „I AM HODLING“. Aus einem Tippfehler wird ein Vorsatz.", "en": "As the price falls, a user named GameKyuubi posts to the forum with a typo in the title: “I AM HODLING.” A typo becomes a resolution." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · BitcoinTalk, „I AM HODLING“, GameKyuubi, 18.12.2013 10:03:03 (Forumszeit)", "en": "Fact · BitcoinTalk, “I AM HODLING”, GameKyuubi, 18 December 2013 10:03:03 (forum time)" }, "link": "https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=375643.0", "question": { "de": "Wie lange hältst du an etwas fest, wenn alle anderen loslassen?", "en": "How long do you hold on to something when everyone else lets go?" }, "anniversary": "12-18", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "X-7", "serie": "X", "nr": 7, "author": "Mt. Gox", "who": { "de": "MT. GOX", "en": "MT. GOX" }, "src": { "de": "BEZIRKSGERICHT TOKIO · 28.02.2014", "en": "TOKYO DISTRICT COURT · 28.02.2014" }, "quote": { "de": "Mt. Gox, kurz zuvor noch die größte Bitcoin-Börse, beantragt in Tokio Gläubigerschutz. Die Firma meldet rund 850.000 verlorene Bitcoin. Wenige Tage nach dem Handelsstopp.", "en": "Mt. Gox, until recently the largest bitcoin exchange, files for protection from creditors in Tokyo. The company reports about 850,000 bitcoin lost. Just days after trading stopped." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · TechCrunch, „Mt.Gox Files For Bankruptcy Protection, Says 850,000 Bitcoin Lost“, 28.02.2014", "en": "Fact · TechCrunch, “Mt.Gox Files For Bankruptcy Protection, Says 850,000 Bitcoin Lost”, 28 February 2014" }, "link": "https://techcrunch.com/2014/02/28/mt-gox-files-for-bankruptcy/", "question": { "de": "Wie viel Verantwortung für dein Geld gibst du an andere ab?", "en": "How much responsibility for your money do you hand to others?" }, "anniversary": "02-28", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "X-8", "serie": "X", "nr": 8, "author": "SatoshiLabs", "who": { "de": "TREZOR", "en": "TREZOR" }, "src": { "de": "SATOSHILABS, PRAG · 29.07.2014", "en": "SATOSHILABS, PRAGUE · 29.07.2014" }, "quote": { "de": "In Prag erscheint der Trezor: ein kleines Gerät, das private Schlüssel offline hält und Transaktionen selbst signiert. Selbstverwahrung bekommt ein Gehäuse.", "en": "In Prague, the Trezor launches: a small device that keeps private keys offline and signs transactions itself. Self-custody gets a case." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Trezor-Blog, „A decade of pioneering“, 29.07.2024: „On July the 29th, 2014, the Trezor Model One was officially launched“", "en": "Fact · Trezor blog, “A decade of pioneering”, 29 July 2024: “On July the 29th, 2014, the Trezor Model One was officially launched”" }, "link": "https://trezor.io/blog/news/a-decade-of-pioneering-10-years-since-trezors-first-hardware-wallet-revolution", "question": { "de": "Wenn dein Gerät heute kaputtgeht, kommst du wieder an deine Bitcoin?", "en": "If your device broke today, could you get back to your bitcoin?" }, "anniversary": "07-29", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "X-9", "serie": "X", "nr": 9, "author": "Joseph Poon, Thaddeus Dryja", "who": { "de": "LIGHTNING", "en": "LIGHTNING" }, "src": { "de": "LIGHTNING-PAPER · 14.01.2016", "en": "LIGHTNING PAPER · 14.01.2016" }, "quote": { "de": "Joseph Poon und Thaddeus Dryja legen die überarbeitete Version ihres Lightning-Papers vor: Zahlungen über Kanäle, abgesichert durch Bitcoin, ohne jede einzelne on-chain zu speichern. Version 0.5.9.2.", "en": "Joseph Poon and Thaddeus Dryja publish the revised version of their Lightning paper: payments through channels, secured by bitcoin, without recording each one on-chain. Version 0.5.9.2." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Poon/Dryja, „The Bitcoin Lightning Network“, DRAFT Version 0.5.9.2, January 14, 2016", "en": "Fact · Poon/Dryja, “The Bitcoin Lightning Network”, DRAFT Version 0.5.9.2, January 14, 2016" }, "link": "https://lightning.network/lightning-network-paper.pdf", "question": { "de": "Wann hast du zuletzt mit Bitcoin bezahlt, statt nur zu sparen?", "en": "When did you last pay with bitcoin instead of just saving it?" }, "anniversary": "01-14", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "X-10", "serie": "X", "nr": 10, "author": "Bitcoin-Netzwerk", "who": { "de": "ZWEITES HALVING", "en": "SECOND HALVING" }, "src": { "de": "BLOCK 420.000 · 09.07.2016", "en": "BLOCK 420.000 · 09.07.2016" }, "quote": { "de": "Bei Block 420.000 halbiert sich die Belohnung zum zweiten Mal: von 25 auf 12,5 Bitcoin. Damit sind genau drei Viertel aller Bitcoin, die es je geben wird, in der Welt: 15,75 von 21 Millionen. Für das letzte Viertel braucht es noch über hundert Jahre.", "en": "At block 420,000 the reward halves for the second time, from 25 to 12.5 bitcoin. Exactly three quarters of all bitcoin that will ever exist are now out in the world: 15.75 of 21 million. The last quarter will take more than a hundred years." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Block 420.000, 2016-07-09 16:46:13 UTC (mempool.space); Menge: 210.000 × 50 + 210.000 × 25 = 15.750.000 BTC = 75 % von 21 Mio.; letzte Ausgabe um das Jahr 2140 (Bitcoin Core, GetBlockSubsidy)", "en": "Fact · Block 420,000, 2016-07-09 16:46:13 UTC (mempool.space); amount: 210,000 × 50 + 210,000 × 25 = 15,750,000 BTC = 75 % of 21 million; last issuance around the year 2140 (Bitcoin Core, GetBlockSubsidy)" }, "link": "https://mempool.space/block/420000", "question": { "de": "Wie viel hast du seit dem letzten Halving wirklich dazugelernt?", "en": "How much have you truly learned since the last halving?" }, "anniversary": "07-09", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "X-11", "serie": "X", "nr": 11, "author": "Bitcoin-Markt", "who": { "de": "GOLD-PARITÄT", "en": "GOLD PARITY" }, "src": { "de": "TECHCRUNCH · 02.03.2017", "en": "TECHCRUNCH · 02.03.2017" }, "quote": { "de": "Ein Bitcoin kostet zum ersten Mal mehr als eine Unze Gold. An diesem Tag steigt Bitcoin, Gold fällt. Knapp 84 Jahre nach dem Goldverbot.", "en": "For the first time, one bitcoin costs more than an ounce of gold. That day, bitcoin rises and gold falls. Almost 84 years after the gold ban." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · TechCrunch, „One bitcoin is now worth more than one ounce of gold“, 12:05 PM PST, 02.03.2017", "en": "Fact · TechCrunch, “One bitcoin is now worth more than one ounce of gold”, 12:05 PM PST, 2 March 2017" }, "link": "https://techcrunch.com/2017/03/02/one-bitcoin-is-now-worth-more-than-one-ounce-of-gold/", "question": { "de": "Wie früh merkst du, wenn Neues das Alte überholt?", "en": "How early do you notice when the new overtakes the old?" }, "anniversary": "03-02", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "X-12", "serie": "X", "nr": 12, "author": "Bitcoin-Netzwerk", "who": { "de": "SEGWIT", "en": "SEGWIT" }, "src": { "de": "BLOCK 481.824 · 24.08.2017", "en": "BLOCK 481.824 · 24.08.2017" }, "quote": { "de": "Mit Block 481.824 wird Segregated Witness aktiv. Signaturen werden getrennt gespeichert. Bei Transaktionen, die nur SegWit-Inputs ausgeben, lässt sich die ID nicht mehr nachträglich verändern. Der Weg für Lightning ist frei.", "en": "With block 481,824, Segregated Witness activates. Signatures are stored separately. For transactions spending only SegWit inputs, the ID can no longer be altered after the fact. The road to Lightning is open." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Block 481.824, 2017-08-24 01:57:37 UTC (mempool.space); Malleability: BIP141, Abschnitt „Motivation“ (github.com/bitcoin/bips)", "en": "Fact · Block 481,824, 2017-08-24 01:57:37 UTC (mempool.space); malleability: BIP141, section “Motivation” (github.com/bitcoin/bips)" }, "link": "https://mempool.space/block/481824", "question": { "de": "Wie gut gelingt es dir, dich zu ändern, ohne mit deinem Alten zu brechen?", "en": "How well do you manage to change without breaking with who you were?" }, "anniversary": "08-24", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "X-13", "serie": "X", "nr": 13, "author": "Bitcoin-Markt", "who": { "de": "SCHWARZER DONNERSTAG", "en": "BLACK THURSDAY" }, "src": { "de": "KURSEINBRUCH · 12.03.2020", "en": "MARKET CRASH · 12.03.2020" }, "quote": { "de": "Corona erfasst die Märkte. Bitcoin fällt an einem Tag von rund 7.600 auf 5.300 Dollar, in der Nacht fast bis 4.000. Der schlimmste Tagesverlust seit Jahren.", "en": "COVID hits the markets. Bitcoin falls in a single day from about $7,600 to $5,300, and that night nearly to $4,000. The worst one-day drop in years." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Ereignis: Donnerstag, 12.03.2020 (US-Zeit) · Bericht: The Motley Fool, „Bitcoin Just Failed the Coronavirus Test“, veröffentlicht 13.03.2020 – Sekundärquelle", "en": "Fact · Event: Thursday, 12 March 2020 (US time) · Report: The Motley Fool, “Bitcoin Just Failed the Coronavirus Test”, published 13 March 2020 – secondary source" }, "link": "https://www.fool.com/investing/2020/03/13/bitcoin-just-failed-the-coronavirus-test.aspx", "question": { "de": "Wie hart träfe dich ein Tagesverlust von einem Drittel deines Ersparten?", "en": "How hard would it hit you to lose a third of your savings in one day?" }, "anniversary": "03-12", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "X-14", "serie": "X", "nr": 14, "author": "Bitcoin-Netzwerk", "who": { "de": "DRITTES HALVING", "en": "THIRD HALVING" }, "src": { "de": "BLOCK 630.000 · 11.05.2020", "en": "BLOCK 630.000 · 11.05.2020" }, "quote": { "de": "Bei Block 630.000 halbiert sich die Belohnung auf 6,25 Bitcoin. Zur selben Zeit weiten Notenbanken wegen Corona ihre Bilanzen massiv aus. Ein Angebot schrumpft, ein anderes wächst.", "en": "At block 630,000 the reward halves to 6.25 bitcoin. At the same time, central banks expand their balance sheets massively because of COVID. One supply shrinks while another grows." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Block 630.000, 2020-05-11 19:23:43 UTC (mempool.space)", "en": "Fact · Block 630,000, 2020-05-11 19:23:43 UTC (mempool.space)" }, "link": "https://mempool.space/block/630000", "question": { "de": "Wie sehr hat Bitcoin deinen Blick auf Geld verändert?", "en": "How much has Bitcoin changed the way you see money?" }, "anniversary": "05-11", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "X-15", "serie": "X", "nr": 15, "author": "MicroStrategy", "who": { "de": "MICROSTRATEGY", "en": "MICROSTRATEGY" }, "src": { "de": "MICROSTRATEGY · 11.08.2020", "en": "MICROSTRATEGY · 11.08.2020" }, "quote": { "de": "MicroStrategy gibt bekannt, 21.454 Bitcoin für 250 Millionen Dollar gekauft zu haben. Ein börsennotiertes Unternehmen legt einen Teil seiner Reserven in Bitcoin an. Ein Vorstand wählt Bitcoin statt Bargeld.", "en": "MicroStrategy discloses that it has bought 21,454 bitcoin for $250 million. A listed company puts part of its reserves into bitcoin. A boardroom picks bitcoin over cash." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · SEC Form 8-K MicroStrategy: „previously disclosed, on August 11, 2020, that it had purchased 21,454 bitcoins“", "en": "Fact · SEC Form 8-K MicroStrategy: “previously disclosed, on August 11, 2020, that it had purchased 21,454 bitcoins”" }, "link": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1050446/000119312520245835/d42524d8k.htm", "question": { "de": "Wie bewusst entscheidest du, worin du deine Rücklagen hältst?", "en": "How deliberately do you choose what you keep your reserves in?" }, "anniversary": "08-11", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "X-16", "serie": "X", "nr": 16, "author": "Bitcoin-Markt", "who": { "de": "BILLIONEN-TAG", "en": "TRILLION DAY" }, "src": { "de": "FORTUNE · 19.02.2021", "en": "FORTUNE · 19.02.2021" }, "quote": { "de": "Der Wert aller Bitcoin übersteigt zum ersten Mal eine Billion Dollar. Zwölf Jahre nach dem Genesis-Block.", "en": "All bitcoin together are worth more than one trillion dollars for the first time. Twelve years after the genesis block." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Fortune, „Bitcoin’s market cap tops $1 trillion for first time“, 19.02.2021 11:48 AM ET – Sekundärquelle", "en": "Fact · Fortune, “Bitcoin’s market cap tops $1 trillion for first time”, 19 February 2021 11:48 AM ET – secondary source" }, "link": "https://fortune.com/2021/02/19/bitcoin-market-cap-1-trillion-price-crypto/", "question": { "de": "Wie oft hältst du etwas für unmöglich, das später selbstverständlich wird?", "en": "How often do you dismiss something as impossible that later becomes normal?" }, "anniversary": "02-19", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "X-17", "serie": "X", "nr": 17, "author": "El Salvador", "who": { "de": "EL SALVADOR", "en": "EL SALVADOR" }, "src": { "de": "LEY BITCOIN · 07.09.2021", "en": "LEY BITCOIN · 07.09.2021" }, "quote": { "de": "In El Salvador tritt das Bitcoin-Gesetz in Kraft. Zum ersten Mal ist Bitcoin in einem Land gesetzliches Zahlungsmittel, neben dem US-Dollar. Beschlossen im Juni mit 62 von 84 Stimmen. Seit einer Reform 2025 ist die Annahme freiwillig.", "en": "El Salvador’s Bitcoin Law takes effect. For the first time, bitcoin is legal tender in a country, alongside the US dollar. Passed in June with 62 of 84 votes. Since a 2025 reform, accepting it is voluntary." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Ley Bitcoin, Decreto Legislativo No. 57 vom 08.06.2021, Diario Oficial No. 110, Tomo 431, 09.06.2021; Art. 16: in Kraft 90 Tage nach Veröffentlichung = 07.09.2021. Reform: Decreto Legislativo No. 199 vom 29.01.2025, Diario Oficial No. 21, Tomo 446, 30.01.2025 (https://www.jurisprudencia.gob.sv/DocumentosBoveda/R/2/2020-2029/2021/06/1080B6.HTML). Beide über Centro de Documentación Judicial (jurisprudencia.gob.sv). Stimmenzahl 62/84 nur sekundär (El Economista, zitiert Tweet von Nayib Bukele).", "en": "Fact · Ley Bitcoin, Decreto Legislativo No. 57 of 8 June 2021, Diario Oficial No. 110, Tomo 431, 9 June 2021; Art. 16: in force 90 days after publication = 7 September 2021. Reform: Decreto Legislativo No. 199 of 29 January 2025, Diario Oficial No. 21, Tomo 446, 30 January 2025 (https://www.jurisprudencia.gob.sv/DocumentosBoveda/R/2/2020-2029/2021/06/1080B6.HTML). Both via Centro de Documentación Judicial (jurisprudencia.gob.sv). Vote count 62/84 secondary only (El Economista, citing a tweet by Nayib Bukele)." }, "link": "https://www.jurisprudencia.gob.sv/DocumentosBoveda/D/2/2020-2029/2021/06/E75F3.PDF", "question": { "de": "Wie viel Mitsprache sollte ein Staat haben, womit du bezahlst?", "en": "How much say should a state have in how you pay?" }, "anniversary": "09-07", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "X-18", "serie": "X", "nr": 18, "author": "Bitcoin-Netzwerk", "who": { "de": "TAPROOT", "en": "TAPROOT" }, "src": { "de": "BLOCK 709.632 · 14.11.2021", "en": "BLOCK 709.632 · 14.11.2021" }, "quote": { "de": "Mit Block 709.632 wird Taproot aktiv. Schnorr-Signaturen kommen ins Protokoll, komplexe Bedingungen können von außen wie einfache Zahlungen aussehen. Das erste große Upgrade seit SegWit.", "en": "With block 709,632, Taproot activates. Schnorr signatures enter the protocol, and complex conditions can look like simple payments from the outside. The first major upgrade since SegWit." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Block 709.632, 2021-11-14 05:15:27 UTC (mempool.space)", "en": "Fact · Block 709,632, 2021-11-14 05:15:27 UTC (mempool.space)" }, "link": "https://mempool.space/block/709632", "question": { "de": "Was ist dir wichtiger: Stabilität oder langfristige Weiterentwicklung?", "en": "What matters more to you: stability or long-term development?" }, "anniversary": "11-14", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "X-19", "serie": "X", "nr": 19, "author": "SEC", "who": { "de": "SPOT-ETF", "en": "SPOT ETF" }, "src": { "de": "SEC-ERKLÄRUNG · 10.01.2024", "en": "SEC STATEMENT · 10.01.2024" }, "quote": { "de": "Die US-Börsenaufsicht SEC lässt die ersten Spot-Bitcoin-ETFs zu. Ihr Vorsitzender Gary Gensler nennt Bitcoin dabei eine „non-security commodity“: einen Rohstoff, kein Wertpapier. Am selben Tag vor 15 Jahren twitterte Hal Finney: „Running bitcoin“.", "en": "The US Securities and Exchange Commission approves the first spot bitcoin ETFs. Its chair Gary Gensler calls bitcoin a “non-security commodity”: a commodity, not a security. Same day, 15 years earlier, Hal Finney tweeted: “Running bitcoin.”" }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Gary Gensler, „Statement on the Approval of Spot Bitcoin Exchange-Traded Products“, 10.01.2024 (sec.gov): „ETPs holding one non-security commodity, bitcoin“", "en": "Fact · Gary Gensler, “Statement on the Approval of Spot Bitcoin Exchange-Traded Products”, 10 January 2024 (sec.gov): “ETPs holding one non-security commodity, bitcoin”" }, "link": "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/speeches-statements/gensler-statement-spot-bitcoin-011023", "question": { "de": "Was zählt mehr: dass es dir gehört oder dass es bequem ist?", "en": "What matters more: that it’s yours, or that it’s convenient?" }, "anniversary": "01-10", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "X-20", "serie": "X", "nr": 20, "author": "Bitcoin-Netzwerk", "who": { "de": "VIERTES HALVING", "en": "FOURTH HALVING" }, "src": { "de": "BLOCK 840.000 · 20.04.2024", "en": "BLOCK 840.000 · 20.04.2024" }, "quote": { "de": "Bei Block 840.000 sinkt die Belohnung auf 3,125 Bitcoin. Über 93 % aller Bitcoin, die es je geben wird, sind da schon geschürft. Jedes Halving kommt nach Plan.", "en": "At block 840,000 the reward drops to 3.125 bitcoin. By then, over 93% of all bitcoin that will ever exist have been mined. Every halving arrives on schedule." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Block 840.000, 2024-04-20 00:09:27 UTC (mempool.space)", "en": "Fact · Block 840,000, 2024-04-20 00:09:27 UTC (mempool.space)" }, "link": "https://mempool.space/block/840000", "question": { "de": "Wo stehst du beim nächsten Halving, wenn du so weitermachst?", "en": "Where will you stand at the next halving if you keep going like this?" }, "anniversary": "04-20", "kind": "fact" }, { "id": "X-21", "serie": "X", "nr": 21, "author": "Bitcoin-Markt", "who": { "de": "100.000-DOLLAR-TAG", "en": "100K DAY" }, "src": { "de": "FORTUNE · 05.12.2024", "en": "FORTUNE · 05.12.2024" }, "quote": { "de": "Bitcoin steigt zum ersten Mal über 100.000 Dollar. Fünfzehn Jahre zuvor kostete ein Bitcoin weniger als ein Zehntel Cent. Sechs Stellen.", "en": "Bitcoin rises above $100,000 for the first time. Fifteen years earlier, one bitcoin cost less than a tenth of a cent. Six digits." }, "source": { "de": "Fakt · Fortune, „Bitcoin just hit $100,000“, 05.12.2024 3:20 AM ET – Sekundärquelle", "en": "Fact · Fortune, “Bitcoin just hit $100,000”, 5 December 2024 3:20 AM ET – secondary source" }, "link": "https://fortune.com/crypto/2024/12/05/bitcoin-price-100000-btc/", "question": { "de": "Was würdest du nicht verkaufen, egal zu welchem Preis?", "en": "What would you never sell, at any price?" }, "anniversary": "12-05", "kind": "fact" } ] }